• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.413-420
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• 2005

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify health risk behaviors in adolescents according to grade in school and to of for basic data to develop a health promotion for adolescents. Methods: A descriptive survey design was used and the SPSS 12.0 program was used for the data analysis, which included Chi-square test and Spearman correlation coefficients. The instrument for this study was based on the 1999 Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System developed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Results: The results indicate that adolescent have an average of 2 risk behaviors out of 10 health risk behaviors categories. There are various types of risk behaviors, which art: different for each grade, such as physical fights, using alcohol, using heroin, weight control, and the lack of AIDS education. Physical fights, and the lack of AIDS education are common in the 9th grade, using alcohol, heroin, and weight control are common in the 11th grade. Physical fights were correlated with using cigarettes and sexual intercourses. Using alcohol was correlated with using cigarettes, heroin, sexual intercourses and weight controls. Using heroin was correlated with sexual intercourse and weight control. Conclusion: For the promotion of health in adolescents, different approaches to health education and prevention of health risk are needed for each grade because the health risk behaviors differ between grades.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.1334-1339
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• 2009

To achieve the best performance of a project, uncertainties involved in the building construction process need to be identified in the planning phase of the project. Uncertainties seldom create a positive impact on construction project, but they almost cause delay and increase costs. Therefore, risk management plays a significant role in construction to minimize risk occurred due to uncertainties of a project. Although the importance of the risk management has been known to the construction industry, it is not enough to be developed to meet the demands of the industry. It has not been enough for Systems to control schedule risks for managers in the field. Therefore, a tool is necessary to efficiently control risks. The propose of this study is to invent Schedule Risk Control System Module to prepare for risks in preconstruction phase.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2022.06a
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• pp.169-170
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• 2022

In this study, in order to select the element items for risk assessment for autonomous ships, a survey was conducted on the maritime traffic control workers and the risk assessment element items were analyzed. The top five element items for risk assessment were identified, and the detailed value of risk elements according to the size of the vessel could be confirmed.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.105-121
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• 2011

Objectives: This paper presents the framework and protocol design for a construction industry risk management toolbox. The construction industry needs a comprehensive, systematic approach to assess and control occupational risks. These risks span several professional health and safety disciplines, emphasized by multiple international occupational research agenda projects including: falls, electrocution, noise, silica, welding fumes, and musculoskeletal disorders. Yet, the International Social Security Association says, "whereas progress has been made in safety and health, the construction industry is still a high risk sector." Methods: Small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) employ about 80% of the world's construction workers. In recent years a strategy for qualitative occupational risk management, known as Control Banding (CB) has gained international attention as a simplified approach for reducing work-related risks. CB groups hazards into stratified risk 'bands', identifying commensurate controls to reduce the level of risk and promote worker health and safety. We review these qualitative solutions-based approaches and identify strengths and weaknesses toward designing a simplified CB 'toolbox' approach for use by SMEs in construction trades. Results: This toolbox design proposal includes international input on multidisciplinary approaches for performing a qualitative risk assessment determining a risk 'band' for a given project. Risk bands are used to identify the appropriate level of training to oversee construction work, leading to commensurate and appropriate control methods to perform the work safely. Conclusion: The Construction Toolbox presents a review-generated format to harness multiple solutions-based national programs and publications for controlling construction-related risks with simplified approaches across the occupational safety, health and hygiene professions.

• Neonatal Medicine
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.116-123
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• 2021

Purpose: The aim of this study was to estimate the effect of targeting risk factors for the control of central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) among high-risk infants in a tertiary neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Methods: Infants admitted to the NICU and diagnosed with CLABSI from January to December 2013 were eligible for inclusion to the study. The CLABSI group (n=47) was matched in a 1:2 ratio to the control group (n=94) based on gestational age, birth weight, and Score for Neonatal Acute Physiology-II. Risk factors for CLABSI were identified using the Cox proportional hazard model, and analysis of the effect of these risk factors targeting infection control was performed. Results: The risk factors associated with CLABSI were prolonged central line dwell days (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 1.028; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.011 to 1.045; P=0.001), use of a silicone catheter (adjusted HR, 5.895; 95% CI, 1.893 to 18.355; P=0.002), surgical treatment (adjusted HR, 3.793; 95% CI, 1.467 to 9.805; P=0.006), and less probiotic supplementation (adjusted HR, 0.254; 95% CI, 0.068 to 0.949; P=0.042). By targeting these risk factors with a quality improvement initiative, the mean CLABSI incidence rate per 1,000 catheter-days decreased from 6.6 to 3.1 (P=0.004). Conclusion: Targeting risk factors for infection control significantly reduced the rate of CLABSI among high-risk infants in the NICU.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.18
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• pp.7947-7950
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• 2014

Background: Pancreatic cancer is the sixth leading cause of cancer death with an increasing trend in China. Dietary intake is believed to play an important role in pancreatic cancer carcinogenesis. The aim of this paper was to evaluate associations between some dietary factors and risk of pancreatic cancer in a multi-centre case-control study conducted in China. Materials and Methods: Cases (n=323) were ascertained from four provincial cancer hospitals. Controls (n=323) were randomly selected from the family members of patients without pancreatic cancer in the same hospitals, 1:1 matched to cases by gender, age and study center. Data were collected with a questionnaire by personal interview. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were estimated using conditional logistic regression. Results: Tea intake (OR =0.49; 95%CI: 0.30-0.80) was associated with a half reduction in risk of pancreatic cancer. Reduced vegetable consumption (P trend: 0.04) was significant related to pancreatic cancer. Although no significant association was found for meat and fruit, ORs were all above or below the reference group. A protective effect was found for fruit (OR=1.73 for consumption of 1-2 times/week vs more than 3 times/week; 95%CI: 1.05-2.86). A high intake of meat was associated to a higher risk of pancreatic cancer (OR=0.59 for consumption of 1-2 times/week vs. more than 3 times/week; 95%CI: 0.35-0.97). Conclusions: The present study supports fruit consumption to reduce pancreatic cancer risk and indicates that high consumption of meat is related to an elevated risk. Direct inverse relations with tea and vegetable intake were also confirmed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.120-125
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• 1999

This study evaluated the effect of the accidents caused by fire, explosion, and toxic gas release by using SuperChems, quantitative hazardous material release modeling software, which estimates the potential area of damage. According to the loss severity, the appropriate risk management principles can be applied. Risk management is divided into the two methods which are risk control and risk financing. Risk control includes risk avoidance, risk spreading and diversification, and risk reduction. Risk financing includes risk retention and risk transfer. The results of this study can help the related company determine the appropriate reserve fund and the amount to be insured against the third party losses according to the estimated loss severity.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2006.11b
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• pp.870-877
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• 2006

Recently, failures of equipments are linked directly to extensive damages of human lives or financial losses from the increasing uses of train control equipments utilizing computers. Then safety activities have to progress for guaranteeing safety during the system life-cycle. In this paper, we examine the methods for risk analysis and assessment of safety activities and propose optimized one method for risk assessment. There are original risk assessment methods; risk graph and risk matrix method under the qualitative analysis, IRF(Individual Risk Formula) calculations and statistical calculations method under the quantitative analysis. Best-Practice(BP) risk analysis method is proposed for combining advantages of the qualitative and the quantitative analysis. In the comparison of risk graph and risk matrix method for safety estimation, BP method has no applications published up to now, but we can expect that this method will be utilized widely for the risk assessment due to various strong points.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.634-643
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to investigate the factors affecting on smartphone addiction according to the classification of addiction-risk groups among college students, focusing on self-control. Methods: A sample of 242 college students at K University in Seoul was recruited to participate in the study. A structured questionnaire composed of items for the self-rated smartphone addiction scale and self-control scale was used to collect data. Results: The number of students in smartphone addiction-risk group was 66 (27.3%). This study had 17.5% of the explanatory power, including perceived smartphone necessity (${\beta}=.330$, p=.007), and instant self-control (${\beta}=-.281$, p=.028) in addiction-risk group. Whereas, in non-risk group, the affecting factors included gender (${\beta}=.194$, p=.004), self-awareness of addiction (${\beta}=-.290$, p<.001), and instant self-control (${\beta}=-.281$, p<.001) with 31.3% of the explanatory power. Conclusion: There is a need to develop an intervention program to prevent the addiction of smartphones and to improve self-control among college students.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.504-512
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• 2023

After transitioning from periodic to model-based control policy for fire blight blossom infection, it is crucial to provide the timing of field application with easy and accurate information. To assess the risk of blossom infection, Maryblyt was employed in 31 sites across apple-producing regions nationwide, including areas prone to fire blight outbreaks, from 2021 to 2023. In 2021 and 2023, two and seven sites experienced Blossom Infection Risk-Infection warning occurrences among 31 sites, respectively. However, in 2022, most of the sites observed Blossom Infection Risk-Infection from April 25 to 28, highlighting the need for blossom infection control. For the comparison between the two model-based control approaches, we established treatment 1, which involved control measures according to the Blossom Infection Risk-Infection warning and treatment 2, aimed at maintaining the Epiphytic Infection Potential below 100. The analysis of control values between these treatments revealed that treatment 2 was more effective in reducing Blossom Infection Risk-Infection and the number of days with Epiphytic Infection Potential above 100, with respective averages of 95.6% and 93.0% over the three years. Since 2022, the implementation of the K-Maryblyt system and the deployment of Automated Weather Stations capable of measuring orchard weather conditions, with an average of 10 stations per major apple fire blight county nationwide, have taken place. These advancements will enable the provision of more accurate and timely information for farmers based on fire blight models in the future.