• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.119-127
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• 2023

Objective: This study aimed to compare the activity of the trunk and leg muscles while performing fente (in fencing) wearing weighted and waterbag vests. Method: The electromyography test was used to measure and analyze the activation of the trunk and leg muscles. Eight active fencers from B University (age: 19.5 ± 0.66 years, height: 179.75 ± 5.93 cm, weight: 72 ± 6.32 kg) were selected for this study. Results: According to the EMG analysis results of the 4 muscles measured in this study, left-right differences were observed for rectus abdominis and external oblique abdominis, but left-right differences between the groups were not significant. The gluteus medius muscle was not significantly different from the adductor muscle, but there were significant differences between the groups. Conclusion: The electromyographic analysis of the four muscles measured in this study revealed no significant difference between the left and right recti abdominis and external obliques depending on the vests. However, significant differences were observed between the left and right gluteus medius and adductor longus. Our results can be interpreted as the effects of the inherent movements involved in the fente. Furthermore, our results indicate that the weight transfer while wearing a waterbag vest, which provides an unstable environment, increased the activity of leg muscles.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.77-93
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• 1997

The natural convection and combined heat transfer induced by fire in a rectangular enclosure is numerically studied. The model for this numerical analysis is partially opened, it is divided by a vertical baffle projecting from ceiling. The solution procedure Includes the standard k- $\varepsilon$ model for turbulent flow and the discrete ordinates method (DOM ) is used for the calculation of radiative heat transfer equation. In this study, numerical simulation on the combined naturnal convection and radiation is carried out in a partial enclosure filled with absorbed-emitted gray media, but is not considered scattering problem. The velocity vectors, streamlines, and isothermal lines are compared the results of pure convection with those of the combined convection-radiation, the combined heat transfer. Comparing the results of pure convection with those of the combined convection-radiation, the combined heat transfer analysis shows the stronger circulation than those of the pure convection. Three different locations of heat source are considered to observe the effect of heat source location on the heat transfer phenomena. As the results, the circulation and the heat transfer In the left region from heating block are much more influenced than those in the right region. It is also founded that the radiation effect cannot be neglected in analyzing the building in fire.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제47권6호
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• pp.529-532
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• 2014

An eight-day-old neonate was diagnosed with dextro-transposition of the great arteries, atrial septal defect, patent ductus arteriosus, and a single sinus origin of the coronary arteries. The single coronary artery originated from the left sinus (sinus 2), had a proximal left circumflex arterial branch, and passed anteriorly to the right side of the aorta, further branching into the right coronary and left anterior descending arteries. We successfully performed an arterial switch operation and coronary transfer by tube graft reconstruction with autologous aortic tissue to treat the dextro-transposition of the great arteries and atrial septal defect with a single-sinus origin of the coronary arteries.

• 무역학회지
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.27-45
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• 2017

기술무역은 기술지식 및 기술서비스와 직접적으로 연관된 국제적·상업적 거래로 정의된다. 기술무역은 물품과 다르게 기술만이 가지는 무형성, 이질성, 가치의 누적성, 권리의 소멸성과 같은 고유한 특징으로 일반적인 매매 이외에도 라이선싱, 제휴 및 협력, 합작투자 등 상업적 목적에 따라 다양한 방식으로 거래될 수 있다. 이러한 다양한 형태를 포함하는 의미로 실무에서는 기술이전(Technology Transfer)이라는 용어가 일반적으로 사용된다. 본고에서는 기술이전이 이처럼 다양한 형태로 이루어질 수 있는 배경을 기술이 가진 성격으로 이해하고자 하며 특별히 전통적인 무역의 대상인 물품과의 비교를 통해 명확히 하고자 한다.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.361-371
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• 1989

This study was performed to investigate the effects of stage and quality of embryo, synchrony between donor and recipient and difficulty of transfer on pregnancy rate following non-surgical transfer of frozen-thawed bovine embryos. The results were as follows; 1. The overall pregnancy rate of this experiment was 63.4% and that of heifers(73.1%) was higher than that of cows(46.7%). 2. The pregnancy rates of recipients transferred with morulae, early blastocysts and blastocysts were 50.0%, 64.7% and 71. 4%, respectively. 3. The pregnancy rate of recipients transferred with good embryos(67.9%) was higher than that of recipients transferred with fair embryos(53.8%). 4. The pregnancy rates of embryos transferred to left and right uterine horn were 63.2% and 63.6%, respectively. 5. The pregnancy rate of recipients in estrous synchrony 0(76.2%) was higher than those of recipients in synchrony -1(55.6%) and +1(44.4%). 6. The pregnancy rate of recipients transferred with 2 embryos (71. 4%) was higher than that of recipients transferred with 1 embryo(61.8%). 7. The pregnancy rate of embryos transferred to uterine tip (72.0%) was higher than that of embryos transferred to uterine base(50.0%). 8. Ease of transfer was ranked to a scale of one to three on the basis of increasing difficulty. Transfers ranked as ease score 1 accounted for 77.8% of pregnancies and had higher pregnancy rate than ease score 2(66.7%) or 3(45.5%). 9. The pregnancy rate of recipients with excellent corpus luteum(CL) (70.0%) was higher than those of recipients with good CL(61.1%) or fair CL(61.5) %. In reviewing above results, it was considered that the factors such as embryo stage, embryo quality, estrous synchrony, corpus luteum quality, transfer site within uterus, recipient's parity and ease score affected the pregnancy rate after non-surgical transfer of frozen-thawed bovine embryos.

• 한국전산유체공학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2001

The natural convection heat transfer and solidification in a stratified pool are studied. The flow and heat transfer characteristics in a heat generating pool are compared between single-layered and double-layered pools. And local Nusselt number distributions on outer walls are obtained to consider thermal loads on a vessel wall. The cooling and solidification of Al₂O₃/Fe melt in a hemispherical vessel are simulated to study the mechanism of heat transfer and temperature distribution. A unstructured mesh is chosen for this study because of the non-orthogonality originated from the boundaries of double-layered pool. Interface between the layers is modeled to be fixed. With this assumption mass flux across the interface is neglected, but shear force and heat flux are considered by boundary conditions. The colocated cell-centered finite volume method is used with the Rhie-Chow interpolation to compute cell face velocity. To prevent non-physical solutions near walls in case body force is large the wall pressure is extrapolated by the way to include body force. The numerical solutions calculated by current method show that averaged downward heat flux of the double-layered pool increases compared to single-layered pool and maximum temperature occurs right below the interface of the layers.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.76-80
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• 1986

This study was carried out to investigate the inte actions between recipients and embryos to compare pregnancy rates in bovine embryo transfer, such as synchrony and stage of embryos, synchrony and quality of embryos, synchrony and side of uterine horn, and preservation time and stage of embryos. Fifty-two embryos were transferred by surgically to 42 Holstein heifers, 3 Holstein cows and 7 Korean native heifers from Feb., 1985 to June, 1986. The results were as follows: 1. In the trial of interactions between synchrony and embryo stage, recipients synchronired from- hours to + 12 hours in synchrony and embryos from morulac stage to advanced blastoctyst stages showed reason able pregnancy rate. 2. Excellant (A) and good (B) grade embryos showed good pregnancy rate, 81.8% and 73.3% respectively, but fair (C) grade embryos showed poor, 25% only at the same boundary of recipient synchrony. 3. More recipients had corpus luteum on the right ovary than the left, and also had better pregnancy rate (26/32 vs 13/20,81.3% vs 65%). 4. A good pregnancy rates (over 60%) were obtained with the embryo transferred 17hrs after flush at room temperature or field condition in culture medium.

• 에너지공학
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.251-257
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• 1993

유한체적법(Finite Volume Method)을 이용하여 블럭이 부착된 수평 유로의 강제 대류 열전달 현상을 해석하였다. 블럭의 갯수, Reynolds 수 그리고 블럭 간의 간격을 변화시키면서 해석하였고 블럭이 부착된 수평판은 전도벽면 (conducting plate)으로 해석하였다. 블럭내에서는 1/2 체적과 전체적에서 열원이 있다고 가정하였으며, 유동은 2차원 정상상태 비압축성 유동이라고 하였다. 전체적에서 열원이 있는 경우보다 1/2 체적에서 열원이 있는 경우가 전체 온도값이 높게 나타났으며, Reynolds 수와 블럭 사이의 간격이 커질수록 온도값이 낮아진다. 수평판이 단열되어 있는 경우보다 전도벽면으로 해석한 경우가 온도값이 낮게 나타나며 수평판이 단옅되어 있다고 가정한 경우에는 최고온도 값의 위치가 단열면 근처이나 전도벽면의 경우에는 블럭내의 중심에서 우측으로 치우쳐 있다. 그리고, 블럭의 1/2 체적에서 열원이 있는 경우의 최고 온도 위치는 블럭의 전체적에서 열원이 있는 경우의 위치보다 더 상단에 치우침을 알 수 있다. Nusselt 수는 블럭 윗면의 좌측 부분에서 다른 부분보다 높은 수치를 나타내고 있으며 Reynolds 수가 커질수록 Nusselt 수의 값이 증가한다. 그리고, 블럭내의 최고 온도값은 이러한 무차원 변수들과의 상관 함수를 이용하여 예측하였다.

• 터널과지하공간
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.260-266
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• 2010

본 연구에서는 모형실험을 통한 2-Arch 터널의 거동과 주변지반의 거동으로부터 중앙부 Pilot 터널굴착 및 선행터널(우측터널)과 후행터널(좌측터널) 굴착에 따라 좌 우 터널 상호간에 미치는 영향을 분석하고자 하였으며, 보강영역의 상대강성비와 토피고에 따라 발생하는 원지반 이완영역 및 아칭효과에 의한 중앙필러 및 주변 지반의 하중전이 현상을 규명하고자 하였다. 이를 위하여 2-Arch 터널의 시공순서를 반영한 실험순서에 따라 모형실험을 수행하였으며, 보강영역의 강성 및 토피고를 변화시켜 이에 따른 2-Arch 터널의 변형 및 주변지반의 변위를 측정하였다.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.765-774
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• 1992

본 연구에서는 수직 등온 평행평판의 혼합대류 열전달에 대하여 두 평판의 길 이가 다른 경우를 고찰하고자 Reynolds수, Grashof수, 평판간격을 변수로 하여 수치해 석 하였다.