• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.113-131
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• 1988

Although TMJ sound is common, its relationship to subjective and objective evaluation and the magnitude and the position of the sound during the mandibular movement is not fully understood. So, the purpose of this investigation was to provide further insight into the characteristics of the TMJ sounds. Twelve subjects (9 men and 3 women) with TMJ sounds were selected from students at Chosun University, School of Dentistry. Condylar movements and TMJ sounds of each subject were recorded and analyzed using a simplified condylar path recorder and a sound checker. Although specific conclusions were difficult to make from this study, the finding suggested the followings. 1. The position of TMJ sounds were visually observed and marked on the condylar tracings during maximum opening and closing, protrusive and retrusive and right and left lateral movements. 2. Information about the size, location and number of condylar deviations and the translation freedom of the condyle was recorded and analyzed objectively. 3. The most obvious characteristic of TMJ sounds was their variability. 4. TMJ sounds were categorized into one of four groups (soft click, hard click, soft crepitus, hard crepitus) by the quality and quantity of the duration and amplitude components.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.97-106
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• 2016

This study tries to seek the is the realistic improvements and legislative measures about current medical advertising which was in the Court on 12 May 2015 by presenting and discussion the understanding, problems and its alternative direction of pre-deliberation on the existing law which is the decision on the constitutionality of health care advertising regulated health care advertising General commercial advertising has the right which have to be protected as the terms of the protection of know and freedom of expression and advertiser's there are sure to be in a value to be protected. Medical advertising is also a person in addition to the absolute value that includes both Due to the particularity of medical advertising in terms of life and the right to health Until now, this has been the target of strong regulations are changing the policy of gradual deregulation in our country, including the country. Medical advertising on the current medical law had been to be checked by pre-deliberation of the executive power. However, due to unconstitutional, in the circumstances which a false hype is flooding and increasing, it has been realized that the fair competition of medical community, life and health rights of the people are threatened by in reverse. In this regard, the abolition of the pre-deliberation system of medical advertising can be welcomed by abolition of the old system which is the legal and institutional censorship. Since its abolition, the alternative policy direction is insufficient also it is not clear. Therefore we need to study this. Therefore, in this paper, we try to find general theoretical background and problem of pre-deliberation system of medical advertising. Also, as trying to find feasibility or ambiguity of regulation and issues about medical advertising on medical law, we argued the provision of special measures of the medical advertising for introduction of integrated medical advertising deliberation committee which can ensure the independence and autonomy, strengthening of the monitoring on the internet advertising, legal resolving through amendments, strengthening of penalties, and establish special measures of medical advertising for the medical privatization and demand for the foreign medical tourist, etc. Empirical study about practical regulatory measures of medical advertising which converged the various opinions of consumer groups, government and academia, and medical community, and we expect hope to see the more realistic alternative provision.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.197-204
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• 2008

Mass communication leads and the news against the fall of police authority there is a possibility of coming in contact very easily. The police protects the freedom and a right of the citizen, crime prevention and suppresses, maintains a social order, it is a national institution damaging activity. It will be able to hinder the safety of citizen that the fall of police authority. In accordance with in studies are check up point that the post-modernism about fall of police authority and police authority raising plan.

• Ocean Systems Engineering
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.57-77
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• 2018

The present paper deals with the finite element analysis of water tanks with rigid baffle. Fluid is discretized by two dimensional eight-node isoparametric elements and the governing equation is simulated by pressure based formulation to reduce the degrees of freedom in the domain. Both free vibration and force vibration analysis are carried out for different sizes and positions of block at tank bottom. The fundamental frequency depends on block height and it reduces with the increase of block height. The variation of hydrodynamic pressure on tank walls not only depends of the exciting frequency but also on the size and position of rigid block at tank bottom. The hydrodynamic pressure has higher value when the exciting frequency is equal and lower than the fundamental frequency of the water in the tank. Similarly, the hydrodynamic pressure increases with the increase of width of the block for all exciting frequencies when the block is at the centre of tank. The left and right walls of tank have experienced different hydrodynamic pressure when the block is placed at off-centre. However, the increase in hydrodynamic pressure on nearest tank wall becomes insignificant after a certain value of the distance between the wall and the rigid block.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.155-161
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• 2019

We introduces a mobile robot that can navigate on a power transmission line arranged in bundled conductors. The designs of the proposed robot are performed for navigation on bundled conductors, and the navigation method for bundled conductors and obstacle avoidance are presented. The robot consists of 13 degrees of freedom (DOF) with a symmetrical structure for the left and right parts, including the four wheel joints. The navigation method is designed using a combination of three motion primitives such as linear motion of counterbalancing box, linear motion of robot arm, and rotational motion of wheel part. To examine the performance of the proposed robot, navigation simulations are conducted using $ADAMS^{TM}$. The robot navigations were simulated on obstacle environments that consisted of two- and four-conductor bundles. Based on the simulation results, the performance of the proposed robot was reviewed through the analysis of the trajectories of end-effectors. We confirmed that the proposed robot was capable of achieving optimal navigation on bundled conductors that included obstacles.

• The Journal of Korean society of community based occupational therapy
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.11-24
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• 2020

Objective : The Human Rights constitute one of the basic pillars of every work where persons are involved, such is the case of the occupational therapy field. Methods : In this study we investigate the human rights sensitivity and the advocacy activities of occupational therapists. The differences according to their characteristics, the relationship and the impact of the human rights sensitivity are examined and presented. Making use of online surveys 116 subjects participated in the study. Results : The measured average of human right sensitivity is 69.00 ± 17.67 point, being them distributed according to the following subcategories: to the perception of the situation corresponds 23.25±5.62 points, to the perception of the consequences 22.75±6.54 points and for the perception of the responsibility 23±6.54 points. In all the cases have been taken in account the equal rights, the right to education in disables, the right to pursue the happiness of the elderly, the right of the disables to have personal freedom, the privacy rights and the privacy rights for mental illness people. According to the working area the Human Right sensitiveness is higher in Seoul than in the Gyeongsang province meanwhile the advocacy activities is higher in Seoul and in Gyeonggi province than in Gyeongsang province. Depending of the type of service, general hospitals and rehabilitation/nursing hospitals showed higher human rights sensitivity than other service organizations According to the working field, occupational therapy group focused in elderly showed higher Human Right sensitivity than other fields. Professionals belonging groups of clinical experience from 3 to 5 years and from 6 to 10 years showed higher advocacy activities than professionals with more than 11 years of experience. A positive correlation was showed between the human rights sensitivity and the advocacy activities. For this situation, the human rights sensitiveness was divided in sub-categories in perception of the situation, perception of the consequences and perception of the responsibility. As showed by the result of multiple regression analyses the advocacy activities of human would grow up in accordance with the increase of the human rights sensitiveness of responsibility perception. Conclusion : Due to the actual lack of information, the collection and study of basic data is fundamental for the development of practical human rights educational programs and to emphasize the role of the defense of the human rights.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.38
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• pp.211-244
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• 2007

Article 17 and 18 of the Korean Constitution respectively prescribe the violation of individual's right to privacy and the secrecy of wire communication. Meanwhile, Article 20 of the Criminal Code provides that an act which is conducted within the ambit of laws or pursuant to accepted business practices or which does not violate the social norms shall not be punishable. In 1999, the Constitutional Court held that media reports on public matters of public figures must be given strong constitutional protection, and treated differently from reports on private matters of private figures. In accordance with the decision, the Supreme Court has expanded the scope of constitutional guarantee of freedom of expression since 2002. This study analyzes the issue of media liability for publication of illegally intercepted wire communication by a third person. Particularly, it reviews Seoul High Court's ruling on 'X-file scandal' which disclosed intercepted wire communications between notable public figures regarding a slush fund for a presidential candidate. In the light of this analysis, the study concludes that the media reporting of the intercepted communication does not violate social norms of Article 20, and therefore it is entitled to a constitutional privilege.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.59-66
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• 2022

In order to solve the problem of urban traffic congestion, Urban Air Mobility (UAM) concept using Electric Vertical Take-off and Landing (eVTOL) aircraft has been gaining popularity, and many domestic and international studies are underway. However, since these aircraft inevitably fly over densely populated areas, it is essential to ensure safety, which starts with accurately analyzing the crash risk. In this paper, the locations and impact speeds of crash are computed using six degree-of-freedom simulations of an eVTOL aircraft in a fixed-wing mode. System malfunction was modeled by a sudden loss of thrust with control surfaces being stuck during cruise. Because most of these eVTOL aircraft are still under development, a methodology of constructing a six degree-of-freedom dynamics model from generic specification is also developed. The results show that the crash locations are highly concentrated right under the aircraft within a square that has an edge length similar to the cruise altitude. Speed distribution is more complicated because almost identical crash locations can be achieved by two very different paths resulting in a large variation in the speeds.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.19-27
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• 2015

Purpose : The purpose of this study is to check the current status of accessability to rehabilitation therapy in local areas and to review how to improve the accessability. In fact, first, it is very hard for patients to find out a local medical center with rehabilitation therapy capability. Moreover they needs to wait long time to get a treatment they need, because of lack of nearby rehabilitation centers. The best way to enhance the accessability to the rehabilitation therapy service is to allow therapists to set up rehabilitation centers in local areas on their own, physically independent from medical doctors. Basically, the current law does not prohibit therapists' own sole practice. However, it needs to be amended by inserting an explicit legal basis on the setting-up process. If it is legally permissible for the therapists to set up rehabilitation centers to perform a rehabilitation treatment with referrals from of medical doctors (though physically independent from the doctors), it would result in the increase of profits for the doctors and at the same time raise therapists' freedom of occupation, a constitutional right. Furthermore, with their own places to practice, therapists will have to compete with other therapists, that would raise the quality of their treatments, which will in turn benefit patients ultimately. A proposed bill of amendments to the Act on Medical Technicians and etc. is pending for review at the National Assembly. I look forward to vigorous discussion on the bill based on this article, and resulting in revision of the law for the benefits of patients.

• Strategy21
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• s.31
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• pp.142-163
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• 2013

Ieodo is a submerged rock within a Korea's Exclusive Economic Zone(EEZ) in the East China Sea with its most shallow part about 4.6m below the sea level which has no specific rights for the EEZ delimitation. The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) stipulates that any coastal state has the rights to claim an EEZ that stretches up to 200 nautical miles from its shore, except where there is an overlap with a neighboring country's claims. Korea claims that Ieodo is within its EEZ as it sits on the Korean side of the equidistant line and the reef is located on the Korea section of the continental shelf. China does not recognize Korea's application of the equidistance principle and insists that Ieodo lies on its continental shelf. According to UNCLOS, Ieodo is located in international waters, rather than one country's EEZ as the two countries have failed to reach a final agreement over the delimitation of the maritime border. This study seeks to understand the evolution of the People's Liberation Army Navy(PLAN) strategy as main obstacles for the EEZ delimitation between Korea and China. PLAN's Strategy evolves from "coastal defense" to "offshore defence", since the late 1980s from a "coastal defence" strategy to an "offshore defence" strategy which would extend the perimeter of defence to between 200 nm and 400 nm from the coast. China's economic power has increased It's dependence on open trade routes for energy supplies and for its own imports and exports. China want secure Sea Lane. PLAN's "offshore defence" strategy combines the concept of active defence with the deployment of its military forces beyond its borders. China's navy try to forward base its units and to achieve an ocean going capability. China's navy expects to have a 'Blue Water' capability by 2050. China insists that coastal states do have a right under UNCLOS to regulate the activities of foreign military forces in their EEZs. China protests several times against US military forces operating within It's EEZ. The U.S. position is that EEZs should be consistent with customary international law of the sea, as reflected in UNCLOS. U.S. has a national interest in the preservation of freedom of navigation as recognized in customary international law of the sea and reflected in UNCLOS. U.S. insists that coastal states under UNCLOS do not have the right to regulate foreign military activities in their EEZs. To be consistent with its demand that the U.S. cease performing military operations in china's EEZ, China would not be able to undertake any military operations in the waters of South Korea's EEZ. As such, to preserve its own security interests, China prefers a status quo policy and used strategic ambiguity on the Ieodo issue. PLAN's strategy of coastal defence has been transformed into offensive defence, Korea's EEZ can be a serious limitation to PLAN's operational plan of activities. Considering China'a view of EEZs, China do not want make EEZ delimitation agreement between Korea and China. China argues that the overlapping areas between EEZs should be handled through negotiations and neither side can take unilateral actions before an agreement is reached. China would prefer Ieodo sea zone as a international waters, rather than one country's EEZ.