• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2017.06a
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• pp.330-330
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• 2017

The tallest culm length was observed in Geonganghongmi cultivar grown in coast area, and culm length was always taller in coast area than that of inland area among these three red rice cultivars. However, number of tiller per rice plant was not affected by different cultural area. Number of spikelets per panicle was much more increased in inland area. Regional difference in number of spikelets per panicle was only observed in Jeongjinju cultivar. Among these red rice cultivars, the highest brown rice yield was Jeongjinju rice cultivar having 702kg in inland area and 692kg in coast area, respectively. The $L^*$ values, which expresses the brightness, were in the range of 36.3 ~ 36.7, 36.7 ~ 37.0, and 38.7 ~ 39.6 in Jeogjinju, Hongjinju, Geonganghongmi rice cultivars, respectively. The $a^*$ values, which expresses the redness positively and greenness negatively were in the range of 12.3 ~ 12.8, 12.2 ~ 12.3, and 12.1 ~ 11.9 in Jeogjinju, Hongjinju, Geonganghongmi rice cultivars, respectively. In addition, the b values, which expresses the yellowness positively and blueness negatively were in the range of 13.8 ~ 14.0, 13.6 ~ 13.5, and 14.9 ~ 14.7 in Jeogjinju, Hongjinju, Geonganghongmi rice cultivars, respectively. Anthocyanidin content ranged 524 to $610{\mu}g/g$ dry weight basis. Cyanidin content was 11.4 to 14.0 times higher than that of delphinidin under coast and inland area. Among these rice cultivars, anthocyanidin content was always higher in rice cultivar grown at coast area. Highest head brown rice rate was only observed in Geonganghongmi to 95.2 at coast area and 95.4 inland area, respectively. Protein content was always higher in coast area than that of inland area. The lowest protein content was measured in Jeogjinju and amylose content was relatively increased in inland area compared to that of coast area. Consequently, in considered with brown rice yield and pigment content, Hongjinju rice cultivar was recommended in optimal pigment rice cultivar in eastern coast of Gyeongsangbuk-do Province.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.75-82
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to investigate an occurrence rate of rice stripe virus disease under different rice transplanting time and different rice cultivars. After final harvest, the yield of rice infected by rice stripe virus was obtained on Wangchal cultivar compared to uninfected rice. The results obtained as following: 1) Yield of rice infected by rice stripe virus was decreased by 64% with reduction of culm length, pancile length, number of spike, number of spikelet, and grain filling compared to uninfected rice, 2) An occurrence rate of rice stripe virus disease under different rice planting season was high as order of May 30 > June 15 > July 1. In additional, to reduce a rice stripe virus disease on higher disease occurrence region and susceptible cultivars, rice planting season will be accepted on and after June 15, and 3) Eighteen cultivars were resistance cultivars such as Hwayeongbyeo, Onnuri, Ilmibyeo, Nampyongbyeo, Dongjin2ho, Hopumbyeo, Hwangkeumnuri, Malgeumi, Saenuri, Pungmi1ho, Haechanmulgyeo, Hwangkeumnodeul, Chilbobyeo, Dongjinbyeo, Younganbyeo, Junambyeo, Samkwangbyeo, and Nakdongbyeo. Twenty-one cultivars were susceptible cultivars such as Odaebyeo, Unkwangbyeo, Shinungbong1ho, Manabyeo, Hopyongbyeo, Borami, Damibyeo, Hwangchalbyeo, Sulgengbyeo, Nongrim6ho, Sasanishigi, Yunishigari, Chungmubyeo, Dongjin1ho, Huknambyeo, Guromy, Shanghehanghulna, Heukchalbyeo, Heukhwangbyeo, and Aranghwangchalbyeo.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.53 no.spc
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• pp.9-14
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• 2008

This experiment was carried out to clarify the effect of various transplanting dates and agroclimatic zones on quality of brown rice and yield of a pigmented rice variety ‘Josaengheugchal’. The black density of brown rice in Jecheon (central inland region) showed a slight difference among the transplanting dates, but in Cheongwon (western sobaek inland region) that had increased at the transplanting dates of June 10th to 20th. cyanidin 3-glucoside (C3G) content at the same transplanting date in Jecheon was higher than Cheongwon, and the overall C3G content was increased at the later transplanting dates. The optimum transplanting date estimated by brown rice yields and C3G content was May 11th (491 kg/10a) in Jecheon and June 16th (468 kg/10a) in Cheongwon.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.290-296
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• 2008

This study examined the physicochemical properties of chemically and enzymatically cross-modified waxy rice starches. The waxy rice starch was cross-linked using phosphorous oxychloride, and then partially hydrolyzed with four commercial ${\alpha}$-amylases (Fungamyl, Termamyl, Liquozyme, Kleistase). Swelling power and the moisture sorption isotherm did not change with cross-modification. Two cross-modified waxy rice starches (hydrolyzed with Termamyl and Liquozyme) showed higher solubilities than native starch and the two other cross-modified starches (hydrolyzed with Fungamyl and Kleistase). In terms of RVA characteristics, the two cross-modified waxy rice starches hydrolyzed with Termamyl and Liquozyme, respectively, had lower peak viscosity, holding strength, and final viscosity than the native starch. However, the two starches hydrolyzed with Fungamyl and Kleistase, respectively, revealed higher peak viscosity, holding strength, and final viscosity than the native starch. No differences were displayed in the X-ray diffraction patterns and DSC thermal characteristics of the cross-modified waxy rice starch as compared to both the native and cross-linked starches, indicating that cross-linking and enzymatic hydrolysis occurred in the amorphous region and did not alter the crystalline region.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.27-37
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• 1994

To catch the relative importance of varietal and environmental variation in various grain quality components associated with palatability of cooked rice, grain appearance, milling recovery, several physicochemical properties of milled rice and texture or eating quality of cooked rice for rice materials of five japonica cultivars, produced at four locations of the mid-mountainous and alpine area of Korea in 1989, were evaluated and analyzed the obtained data. Highly significant varietal and locational variations were detected in 1000-grain weight, amylose content, K/Mg ratio, gelatinization temperature, peak viscosity, breakdown and setback viscosities as compared with variety x location interaction variation. Also, marked locational variations were recongnized in milling recovery from rough to brwon rice, alkali digestibility and protein content, and significant varietal variation was caught in stickiness /hardness ratio of cooked rice. The variety x location interaction variation was especially large in quality components of grain appearance and ripening, palatability of cooked rice and consistency viscosity. One thousand kernel weight was heaviest in Jinbuolbyeo and Odaebyeo, and the unfilled grain ratio was lowest in Jinbuolbyeo. Odaebyeo showed slightly' lower ratio of intact and clear milled rice because of more chalky rice kernels compared with other cultivars. Amylose content of Jinbuolbyeo and Sobaegbyeo was about 1% lower than that of others and K/Mg ratio of Odaebyeo was the lowest one among rice materials. Odaebyeo, Sobaegbyeo and Jinbuolbyeo revealed significantly low gelatinization temperature and setback viscosity while high peak and breakdown viscosities. Cholwon rice showed the greatest kernel weight, good grain filling but lowest ratio of intact and clear milled rice while Jinbu rices exhibited the highest milling recovery from rough to brown rice and ratio of sound milled rice. Amylose content of milled rice in Jinbu rices was about 2-3% lower than those in other locations. Protein content of polished rice was about 1% lower in rice materials of middle zone than those of southern part of Korea. K/Mg ratio of milled rice was highest in Jinbu rice and potassium content was slightly higher in the rice materials of middle region than in those of southern region. Alkali digestion value and gelatinization temperature of polished rice was markedly high in Jinbu rices as compared with other locations. Breakdown viscosity was hightest in Chlown rices and next higher with the order of Hwaso>Unbong>Jinbu rices, and setback viscosity was the quite contrary tendency with breakdown. The stickiness /hardness ratio of cooked rice was relatively higher value in Cholwon rices than in the others and the palatability of cooked rice was a little better in Unbong and Cholwon rices than in Jinbu and Hwaso rices, although variety x location interaction variation was large. The rice materials can be classified largely into two groups of Jinbu and the others by the distribution on the plane of 1st and 2nd principal components (about 60% of total informations) contracted from twelve grain quality properties closely associated with eating quality of cooked rice. Also, Jinbu and the other rices were divided into two and three rice groups respectively. Varietal variation of overall rice quality was smallest in Hwaso. The most superior rice group in overall quality evaluation included Odaebyeo produced at Cholwon, Unbong and Hwaso, and Sobaegbyeo grown at Unbong

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.512-518
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• 1994

One of most laborious work in rice farming is transplanting of rice seedling which has been required preparation of nursury bed and care of seedling during one month period. In this research, direct seeding in dry paddy(DS) was practiced to compare with traditional tansplanting(TP) in Suwon and Milyang. Growth stages in DS were delayed as its planting time was about 36 days later than TP. Heading stage of DS at Suwon was delayed about 15 days as compared to transplanting culture. Rice yield in DS was decreased 8.2%(Suwon) and 0.11%(Milyang), repectively. Working-hour saving in DS was about 34.0%(Suwon) and 54.0%(Milyang). Production cost of DS was decreased 19%(Suwon) and 29% (Milyang), repectively. Amount of rice production per a unit working-hour in DS could incresed 37%(Suwon) and 113%(Milyang) compared to that of TP, respectively. Therefore, DS was decreased little in rice yield, but it could save working hour and production cost, significantly. Warm region like Milyang had more advantage in DS than Suwon. But, DS needs varietal selection for better emergence in low temperature, and more research in weed control and water management.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.21 no.4 s.53
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• pp.216-221
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• 1982

This experiment was conducted in Jeonnam to investigate the effects of fertilizer amounts at two application levels on disease severity of bacterial leaf blight, yield and qualify of rice grains using nineteen rice cultivars. Incidence of bacterial leaf blight was more severe in the field with higher amount of fertilizer application. Disease severity was also different depending upon maturity of rice cultivars of early maturing group, however, the flag, second and third leaves were diseased in rice cultivars of medium late maturing group. Such differences were more obvious in the field with higher amount of fertilizer application than in the field with ordinary fertilizer application. Rice cultivars such as Taebaegbyeo, Hangangchalbyeo, Baegunchalbyeo, Palgwangbyeo and Milyang 42 were resistant whereas rice cultivars such as Milyang 30, Geumgangbyeo, Nagdongbyeo and Jinjubyeo were susceptible to bacterial leaf blight in both treatments. However, fertilization rate and percentage of ripeness were decreased resulting in heavy loss of yield. The rate of green-kerneled rice was increased resulting in poor qualify.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.565-574
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• 2016

This study investigated eating behaviors of high school students (209 males and 230 females) in Daegu region by gender. As a result of analyzing breakfast intake frequency, 'Not rarely eat' showed the highest (25.1%), followed by '5 times a week' (24.4%), '2 times a week' (17.3%), '3 times a week' (15.0%), '1 time a week' (11.6%), and '4 times a week' (6.6%). Regarding reasons for skipping breakfast, 'lack of time' showed the highest percentages. For their breakfast, 53.5% of students ate boiled rice with side dishes. Regarding reasons for skipping breakfast, 'buy and eat snack' showed the highest percentages. Regarding favorite breakfast menu, 'rice roll, rice ball, rice burger' showed the highest percentage (55.4%), followed by 'bread & cereal' (28.7%) and 'fruits & vegetable' (7.7%). Regarding purchase of breakfast alternatives, 'Yes' was highest. Considering actors for choosing a breakfast alternative, there is a need for 'convenience of food consumption', 'spending less time', 'easy cooking', 'favorite menu' and 'taste' of the breakfast alternative. When asked how much they like breakfast alternative menus, they responded that they liked 'rice roll, rice ball, rice burger' (3.91), 'bread & cereal' (3.67), 'fruit & vegetable' (3.66), 'noodle' (3.39), 'porridge' (3.18) and 'rice cake' (3.07). This result shows that breakfast menus should be developed according to high school students preferences.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.597-599
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• 2011

This study was conducted to find out the optimum nitrogen application rate for the stable production of rape in the newly reclaimed land located at Gangwhal region of Saemangum reclaimed land in which the soil is sandy loam (Munpo series). There were five treatments of nitrogen fertilization from zero to 60% increment based on the standard fertilization of $150kg\;ha^{-1}$. The growth of rape (Sunmang) was not affected by salt content while soil salinity was increased at blossoming season of rape. Compared to yield of standard fertilization the yield and the content of oleic acid of rape were increased by 4~26% with the increasing additional nitrogen fertilizer. The results obtained from the growth and yield of rape in this study indicated that it was possible to cultivate rape in a newly reclaimed land if soil salinity was kept below $3dS\;m^{-1}$.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.1-4
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• 2000

Chloramphenicol acetyl CoA transferase (CAT) and angiotensin- converting enzyme inhibitory peptide (ACEI) were fused to C-terminal region of rice ubiquitin to examine the level of transcripts or enzyme activities in yeast. When two chimeric genes under an inducible Gall promoter control were transformed into Saccharomyces cerevisaie, both CAT and ACE inhibitory activities were enhanced by three to four-fold as compared to those containing no ubiquitin gene. However, the levels of transcripts of ubiquitin fused and un fused genes were not significantly different each other. Therefore, it was suggested that the expression of foreign genes was post-transcriptionally enhanced by fusion of plant ubiquitin in heterologous organisms such as yeast.