• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.254-258
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• 2002

The characteristics of yield and quality in 3 rice varieties according to harvest time of 40, 50, 60 and 70days after heading(DAH) was investigated to obtain basic information for the production of high quality rice. The protein content of milled rice increased significantly as increase the ripening period from 40 to 70DAH. The palatability value measured by rice taster was the highest in ripening period of 40DAH and decreased with increase of ripening period. The optimum time for harvest in terms of both rice yield and quality was 4050DAH in Daejinbyeo, and 4060DAH in Seojinbyeo and Chucheongbyeo, however, it was considered to be 4050DAH only for rice quality. The palatability value measured by rice taster showed a highly negative correlation with protein content of milled rice(1=-0.94$^{**}$) and cumulative ripening temperature(r=-0.79$^{**}$).

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.189-192
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• 1972

Biochemical studies such as growth rate, blood cholesterol and ascorbic acid contents in various organs of albino male rats were studied both in the instant food (Ramyon) and rice diet fed groups. The conclusion was as the followings: 1) Either single ramyon or rice fed rats were not shown growth rate properly. In supplementation of 10% or 20% protein on ramyon, growth rate was a little increased than that of the rice diet group. 2) No essential difference of vitamin C contents in various organs was observed between ramyon and rice diet fed rats. Serum vitamin C level of the rice diet group was shown higher than that of the ramyon group. 3) Blood cholesterol level of ramyon fed rats was higher than that of the rice diet group, whether single or protein supplemented diet was fed. 4) Liver lipid contents showed higher in the rice diet group than in the instant ramyon group.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.1-7
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• 1976

This study was carried out to observe the nutritive effects of feeding rice diet and rice diet mixed with barley or millet, or both on the growth rate and biological availability of some nutrients by albino rats. The experimental diets were prepared on the basis of isocaloric and isonitrogenous containing 357 kcal of energy and 12g of protein per 100g of diet. The experimental animals weighing about 66g of both sexes were fed on 7 kinds of diets such as control diet, rice (100%) diet, rice (70%)+barley (30%) diet, rice (70%)+millet (30%) diet, rice (70%)+barley (20%)+millet (10%) diet, rice (70%)+barley (15%)+millet (15%) diet, and rice (70%)+barley (10%)+millet (20%) diet for 7 weeks. The results obtained are summarized as follows; 1. The gain in body weight was higher for barley and/or millet mixed with rice diet groups than rice diet group with no statistical difference. 2. Although there was no difference in the amount of food consumed by experimental groups, the food efficiency ratio was sightly higher for the miked diet groups than rice atone diet group. 3. The protein efficiency ratio was also higher for barley and millet miked with rice diet groups than rice diet group, although statistical significance was not found. 4. Apparent digestibility of protein of rice diet group was significantly (P<0.01) higher than any other diet group. Although there was no remarkable difference between mixed diet group was found, the apparent digestibility of protein tended to increase when rats were fed on the barley and millet mixed with rice diet. Apparent biological value (p<0.05) and net protein utilization (p<0.01) were also significantly higher for the groups fed mixed diet with barley and/or millet than rice diet group, and those for millet alone mixed diet were slightly lower. 5. The content of total nitrogen in the liver and of protein in serum were not significantly different among experimental groups. It may be concluded from the above results that an adequate supplementation of rice with other cereals and mixing ratio of other cereals to rice were important for the efficient utilization of protein in total diet.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.269-279
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• 1990

A 98 d feeding trial carried out to study liveweight change and rumen metabolites in heifers weighing initially 275 kg and given either untreated or ammoniated rice straw supplemented with 0, 0.4, 0.8 or 1.2 kg protein meal consisting of cottonseed meal (60). All 32 animals received 0.6 kg rice polishings/hd/d and had continuous access to molasses/urea block-licks containing 15% urea. The effects on growth rates of treatment of the straw with ammonia and of supplementation with bypass protein were additive. The heifers fed ammoniated straw grew 267 g/hd/d (p<0.001) faster and consumed 11% (p<0.05) more straw than the heifers on untreated straw. The mean growth response to bypass protein was 0.37 kg gain/kg protein meal supplied. Supplementation with protein meal tended (p=0.06) to depress intake of straw, but straw intakes of the unsupplemented groups were high. Small changes in the composition of the block-licks that were fed throughout the feeding trial led to changes in block intake and in intake of untreated straw. Increasing quantities of protein meal fed were associated with linear increase in concentrations of ammonia (p<0.05) and in molar percentages of iso-butyrate (p<0.01), iso-valerate (p<0.01) and valerate (p<0.01) in the rumen fluid of the heifers on a basal diet of untreated straw. However, in the rumen fluid of the heifers given ammoniated straw, the levels of these metabolities were not affected by the quantity of protein meal given.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.14-22
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• 1981

Protein content of cellulosic wastes, such as spent grain, hop bark, spent rye, rice straw, rice hull, saw dust and used newspaper, was increased by a mixed culture of C. utilis wastes having 66-75% moisture. Among the fungal strains tested. A.phoenicis KU175 was the most powerful to increase the protein content of A. phoenicis during the mixed culture with C. utilis in the CMC medium reached at the peak for one day culture after inoculation of the both strains at the same time, while it reached at peark from the beginning of the mixed culture, when A. phoenicis was inocultated for 12-24hours prior to the inoculation of C.utilis. To increase the protein content of the cellulosic wastes by the mixed culture of C.utilis and A.phoenicis, the inoculation of both strains at the same time was more effective than the preinoculation of A. phoenicis for 6-24 hours. Content of crude cellulose in the used newspaper, saw dust and spent grain was high relatively, and the lignin content of spent grain, spent rye, and rice strew was reduced more than half by the treatment of 2% NaOH. However, effect of alkali treatment of increase the protein content of the cellulosic wastes was not prominent in the case of mixed culture. Protein content of the cellulosic wastes was increased prominently by the mixed culture of C.utilis and A.phoenicis in semi-solid substrate, compared with the single culture of C. utilis, although the latter increased the protein content of cellulosic wastes considerably. The effect of mixed culture of C. utilis and A. phoenicis increased 4-fold the protein content of spent grain, and more than doubled crude protein in hop bark and rice straw.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2022.10a
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• pp.268-268
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• 2022

Protein is a major nutrient of food and has long been studied for nutritional and utility value. Among them, rice protein is attracting attention because of its hypoallergenic characteristics and nutritional value. Mutant DM225 with increased protein content was selected by EMS treatment on the weed rice Dharial. QTL analysis of Protein content was carried out using BC₂F₂ populations derived from a cross between "Hanareum2" as a recurrent parent and "DM225" as a donor parent. The protein content of populations was between 5~11%, with an average of 7.7%. To identify QTLs related to Protein content, 117 KASP markers(polymorphic ratio: 15%) showing polymorphisms between the parents were genotyped for the BC₂F₂ population. One QTL was detected between markers SK07 06 and SK07_10 on chromosome 7(LOD: 28.1). This QTL explained 71.4% of the phenotypic variance for Protein content. This QTL will be useful for protein-related rice breeding program.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.13
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• pp.69-72
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• 1973

To find the varietal differences of the protein accumulation in rice kernel. three rice varieties were planted under the conditions of different planting dates and different nitrogen levels. Samples of leaf blade, culm and rice grain were obtained at 10 day intervals during grain development period, and analyzed by the kjeldahl method for nitrogen content. The results are summarized as follows; 1. The nitrogen contents in leaf and culm were decreased as the grain development progresses. Varietal differences were found in the change of the nitrogen contents in leaf and culm. IR lines, high protein lines, reduced rapidly as the grain development progresses, but Jinheung, a leading variety in central region of Korea, showed slow decline. 2. Heavy nitrogen fertilizer application increased the nitrogen contents in the leaf and culm. Varietal differences were also found. IR lines showed higher increase than the Jinheung. 3. The protein content in brown rice were decreased as the ripening progresses to the maturity. Varietal differences were noticed in the declining trend of the protein content in brown rice. IR lines showed less changes than Jinheung and finally Jinheung showed low protein content than IR lines at maturity stage. 4. Increased nitrogen fortilizer application raised strikingly the protein content of brown rice in the IR lines but much less in the Jinheung.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.61-70
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• 2018

This study was carried out to review and compare crop cultivations upon chemical properties of paddy soil and qualitative characteristics of rice in Sejong-city from a point of view of farming extension to rice farmers and to utilize the result of the study as a basic guideline for precise agricultural practice. The pH in soils of Sejong was about 6.1-6.6 and had no difference with an average pH of paddy soils in Chung-Nam with pH 6.1. However, the average of organic matter, calcium (Ca) and available silicate in Sejong was lower than the average of them in Chung-Nam. The yields of rice were higher in 2010 than in 2011 and 2012, and the protein contents of rice were the highest in 2011 while the lowest water contents of rice in 2011. The protein contents upon regions were the highest in 2011 with 6.1%, and the amylose contents were the highest in Yeondong-myun, Jeoneu-myun, and Yeonseo-myun in 2010 while Kumnam-myun and Jeondong-myun were the highest in 2012. With the increase of precipitation, the protein content level in rice was increased while the amylose content level tended to decrease. Correlations between the chemical properties of paddy soil and the quality of rice and between level of organic matter in soil and amylose contents were negative (r = -0.507), and the correlation between the moisture contents and amylose contents (r = 0.419) and between the water contents and whiteness (r = 0.485) were positive. Because the quantity and quality of rice yield is determined by the soil characteristics, the consultation to farmers for the proactive soil analysis and for the maintenance of stable level of pH, organic matter and available silicate based on historical results of analysis is highly recommended. Also, the analysis on the effect of the weather and the soil characteristics affecting the quality and quantity of rice would be another good way.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.259-262
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• 2002

Relationship between yield and palatability value measured by vice taster among 9 rice varieties was investigated to obtain basic information for production of rice with high quality in reclaimed paddy field. The rice yield showed a highly negative correlation with palatability value of milled rice (r=-0.49$^{**}$). The varieties of high palatability value tend to show low yield. The protein content of milled rice grown in reclaimed paddy field was higher than 7.5% mainly due to heavy fertilization of nitrogen and irrigation of eutrophicated water, The rice varieties such as Daeanbyeo, Jinpumbyeo and Sindongjinbyeo were recommendable only for higher yield, but in view of rice quality, Kwanganbyeo, Surabyeo and Nampyoengbyeo were more recommendable because of their lower protein content and higher palatability value.e.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.481-486
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• 1994

The effect of neutralization of urea-treated rice straw with sulfuric acid was investigated. Long-cut (15-20 cm) and short-cut (2-3 cm) rice straw were treated with 6% urea for 21 days, and the treated straw was mixed with an acid-molasses solution to neutralize free ammonia and kept airtightly in a plastic bag for 24 hours. The neutralized and non-neutralized straw were dried and subjected to chemical analysis and in vitro dry matter (DM) digestibility determination. The in vitro DM digestibility as well as crude protein (CP) content were remarkably improved by neutralization. Short-cutting of the straw before treatment gave a better result than the long-cut samples. Neutralization with sulfuric acid also affected the chemical composition and increased sulfur content of samples. The CP thus fixed by neutralization was proven to be kept stable for 3 months, and in vitro DM digestibility was not affected by the storing period.