• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.68-74
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• 2019

'Choyoung', a winter forage triticale cultivar (X Triticosecale Wittmack), was developed at the Department of Rice and Winter Cereal Crop, NICS, RDA in 2015. The cultivar 'Choyoung' has the leaves of medium width, long length and green color and a medium grain of brown color. The heading date of the cultivar 'Choyoung' was April 30 which was 2 days earlier than that of check cultivar 'Shinyoung'. Its tolerance or resistance to cold, wet injury, powdery mildew, and leaf rust was similar to those of the check cultivar. But the resistance to the lodging of cultivar 'Choyoung' was stronger than that of the check. The average forage fresh and dry matter yield of cultivar 'Choyoung' at milk-ripe stages were 40.5 and $15.7MT\;ha^{-1}$, respectively, which were similar to those (40.3 and $16.1MT\;ha^{-1}$) of the check cultivar. The silage quality of 'Choyoung' was higher than that of the check cultivar 'Shinyoung' in crude protein content (5.9%), while was similar to the check cultivar 'Shinyoung' in acid detergent fiber (33.9%), neutral detergent fiber (57.3%), and total digestible nutrients (62.2%). It showed a grain yield of $5.59MT\;ha^{-1}$, which was 38% higher than that of the check cultivar 'Shinyoung' ($4.05MT\;ha^{-1}$). This cultivar is recommended for fall sowing forage crops in areas in which average daily minimum mean temperatures in January are higher than $-10^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.10-15
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• 2021

'Gwangyoung', a winter forage triticale cultivar (X Triticosecale Wittmack), was developed at the Department of Rice and Winter Cereal Crop, NICS, RDA in 2018. The cultivar 'Gwangyoung' has leaves of wide width, medium length, and green color, and spikes of medium length and yellowish-brown color, and a large grain of yellowish-brown color. The heading date of the cultivar 'Gwangyoung' was April 22 which was similar to check cultivar 'Shinyoung'. Its tolerance or resistance to cold, lodging, wet injury powdery mildew, and leaf rust were also similar to those of the check cultivar. The leaf blade ratio of 'Gwangyoung' (27.5%) was higher than that of 'Shinyoung' (21.2%). The average forage fresh and dry matter yield of cultivar 'Gwangyoung' at milk-ripe stages were 50.0 and 17.6 MT ha-1, respectively, which were higher than those (47.7 and 17.1 MT ha-1) of the check cultivar. The silage quality of 'Gwangyoung' was lower than that of the check cultivar 'Shinyoung' in crude protein content (5.3%) and total digestible nutrients (61.3%), while was higher than the check cultivar in neutral detergent fiber (58.2%) and acid detergent fiber (34.9%). 'Gwangyoung' showed the silage of 1 grade and a grain yield of 6.03 MT ha-1.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.116-122
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• 2011

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of several cooling methods such as water hose cooling, mist, fog and control on growth and microclimate, and to develop a simple nutriculture bed for production of fresh leaves of narrowhead goldenaray 'Ligularia stenocephala'. When the root-zone was cooled with 240 L/hr flow rate of $13^{\circ}C$ ground water using water hose, the temperature was lowered approximately by 2 to $3^{\circ}C$ than that of control. The growth of narrowhead goldenaray were favorable in the water hose cooling compared with the other cooling methods. Nutrient culture system having part cooling effect around plant canopy was developed. The system was composed of 15 cm diameter of water hose on side wall of beds, cooling hose, and expanded rice hull media as organic substrate. When cool water which the temperature changed in the range of 14 to $22^{\circ}C$ diurnally with 240 L/hr of flow rate through water hose, the air temperature around canopy and root-zone temperature were dropped by $0.5^{\circ}C$ and $3^{\circ}C$ compared with that of conventional styrofoam bed, respectively. These results showed that newly devised bed system using water hose was simple and economical for the production of high quality narrowhead goldenaray leaves. This system might be practically used both at summer and winter season for the cultivation of narrow head goldenaray by part cooling or heating around root-zone and plant canopy.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.21-27
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• 1998

This experiment was conducted to increase aromatics in roots of Condonopsis lanceolata by applications of organic matters. Fresh root wt. was increased by conifer/moss application to 79.1g per plant. Crude protein content was also higher at rice straw application than native soil application and crude saponin content was increased by conifer/moss application, but contents of crude fat, fiber and ash were not different in all treatments. Although contents of K, Ca, and Mg were increased by rice straw application, Fe, Mn, Zn, Na and Cu were not significantly different in all treatments, The highest free amino acid was arginine, it was increased by the application of fallen leaves and the highest yield (0,008%) of essential oils was obtained by conifer/moss application. As a result, to produce C. lanceolata plant showing higher quality and aromatic essential oils, it was considered that the most effective organic matter showing high yield and higher aromatic constituents was conifer/moss application of over 3M/T per 10a.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.127-132
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• 1994

This experiment was carried out to clarify the effects of planting date and mulching material on the yield characters and tuber yields of Rehmannia glutionsa LIBOSC HIZ on experimental fields of Chungbuk Provincial Rural Development Administration from 1985 to 1987. Emergence period had no difference among planting dates, but it was late about 10 days in rice straw mulching compared with that of others. Leaf length and width showed no differences among planting dates and mulching materials, and no. of fresh leaves was decreased in the order of April 25, May 10 and April 10 with planting dates. Sugar content of tuber was highest on May 10 planting and in open fields. Tuber yield increased 8% on April 25 planting and it decreased 2% on May 10 planting compared with April 10 planting. The white P. E. mulching and rice straw mulching brought yield increase as 22% and 17%, respectively, compared with that from the open field.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.16-22
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• 2018

Oats (Avena sativa L.), which are known as one of the forage crops of Korea, have good livestock palatability and are popular to cattle farmers because of their high dry matter. However, the cultivation of double cropping in the rice field was reluctant due to the late maturing for farmers to plant rice continuously. 'Hi-early', a winter oats for forage use, was developed by the breeding team at National Institute of Crop Science, RDA in 2016. It was derived from a cross between '517A2-121'(IT133383) and 'CI7604' (IT133379). Subsequent generations followed by the cross were handled in bulk and pedigree selection programs at Suwon, Iksan and Jeonju, respectively. After preliminary and advance yield test for 2 years, 'SO2004015-B-B-23-1-3-7', designated as a line name of 'Gwiri92', were subsequently evaluated for earliness and forage yield during 3 years in four parts such as Jeju (upland), Yesan (upland), Iksan (upland), and Jeonju (paddy), from 2014 to 2016, and finally named as 'Hi-early'. Cultivar 'Hi-early' has the characteristics of medium leaves of green color, thick diameter culm, and medium grain of brown color. Over 3 years, the heading date of 'Hi-early' was about 9 days earlier than that of check cultivar 'Samhan' (April 26 and May 5, respectively). Average forage fresh yield of 'Hi-early' harvested at milk-ripe stage was similar to check cultivar ($40.2tone\;ha^{-1}$ and 40.0 tone ha-1, respectively), and dry matter yield also was similar to check cultivar (14.2 tone ha-1 and $14.0tone\;ha^{-1}$, respectively). Cultivar 'Hi-early' was lower than the check cultivar 'Samhan' in terms of the protein content (6.2% and 7.0%, respectively) and total digestible nutrients (61.0%, and 62.5%, respectively), while the TDN yield was more than the check ($7.91tone\;ha^{-1}$ and $7.64tone\;ha^{-1}$, respectively). Fall sowing cropping of 'Hi-early' is recommended only in areas where average daily minimum mean temperatures in January are higher than $-6^{\circ}C$, and it should not be cultivated in mountain areas, where frost damage is likely to occur.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.872-878
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• 2014

This study aimed to enhance storage and freshness of strawberry fruits and foliage vegetables by spray treatment with Chlorella vulgaris as a bio-fertilizer. The tested strain, C. vulgaris CHK0008, was isolated from an organically cultivated rice paddy and identified as C. vulgaris by its morphology and 18S rDNA and 23S rDNA sequence homology. We successfully cultured C. vulgaris CHK0008 in BG11 modified medium (BG11MM) and adjusted $2.15{\times}10^6cell/mL$ C. vulgaris CHK0008 to one OD value by measuring the optical density at 680 nm using a UV-vis spectrophotometer. The soluble solid content of 'Seolhyang' and 'Yukbo' strawberry fruits treated by spray application with C. vulgaris CHK0008 was enhanced by 22.2% and 11.5% respectively, compared to untreated controls. Additionally, the decay rates of treated 'Seolhyang' and 'Yukbo' strawberry fruits decreased 63.8% and 74.4% respectively, compared to untreated control. Surface color changes and chlorosis of leaves in leaf vegetables such as lettuce, kale, red ornamental kale, white ornamental kale and beet were observed in samples treated with water spray for 10 days after cold storage. However, the decay rate of leafy vegetables treated with foliar application of 25% C. vulgaris CHK0008 liquid culture was significantly decreased compared to that of the untreated control during storage at $4^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.125-131
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• 2017

'Saeyoung', a winter triticale (X Triticosecale Wittmack) for forage, was developed at the Department of Rice and Winter Cereal Crop, NICS, RDA in 2012. The cultivar 'Saeyoung' has narrow and long leaves of light green color, middle size and thin culm, and a medium grain of brown color. The heading date and yellow ripe stage of 'Saeyoung' was May 3 and May 27, which were similar to check cultivar 'Shinyoung', respectively. 'Saeyoung' showed a little stronger in cold tolerance and a little weaker in resistance to lodging than the check, and wet injury, powdery mildew, and leaf rust were similar to those of the check cultivar. The forage fresh and dry matter yields of 'Saeyoung' at milk-ripe stages were 47.2 and $15.6MT\;ha^{-1}$, respectively, which was 9% and 4% higher than those of the check. The crude protein content of 'Saeyoung' was 0.4% lower than 6.8% of the check, while was higher than the check cultivar 'Shinyoung' in neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber. Total digestible nutrients of 'Saeyoung' was also 3% lower than 62.8% of the check cultivar. It showed grain yield of $4.1MT\;ha^{-1}$, which was 11% higher than that of the check. 'Saeyoung' is recommended for fall sowing forage crops in areas in which average daily minimum mean temperatures in January are higher than $-10^{\circ}C$.