• 인간행동과 음악연구
• /
• 제21권2호
• /
• pp.1-30
• /
• 2024

본 연구는 ADHD 아동의 타이밍 조절 향상을 위한 리듬 기반 음악중재 프로토콜을 개발하고 실행 가능성을 조사하는 데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 ADHD 아동(부주의 우세형, 과잉행동-충동형)과 일반 아동을 대상으로 3단계의 연구를 진행하였다. 1단계에서는 청각주의력 검사(KAT), 운동 타이밍(자가 탭핑, 동기화 및 유지), 지각 타이밍(음길이 변별 및 재산출, 리듬패턴)의 그룹별 기준값을 측정 및 탐색적 요인분석을 하였고, 2단계에서는 주요 요인을 적용한 리듬 기반 음악중재 프로토콜을 개발하였다. 3단계에서는 개발된 프로토콜을 ADHD 아동에게 적용하여 타이밍 조절에 영향을 미치는 변인들을 조사하고 그 효과를 검증하였다. 연구 결과, 1단계에서는 음길이 변별과제와 정교성을 요구하는 리듬패턴 과제에서 ADHD 아동의 타이밍 값에 유의한 차이를 보였다. 또한, KAT 검사 결과와 운동 및 지각 타이밍의 탐색적 요인분석을 통해 주의 반응성, 주의 동기화, 주의 정교성의 총 3개 요인 군집을 도출하였다. 2단계에서는 속도 및 간격 조정에 따른 난이도별 동기화, 주의 전환, 리듬 산출 과제로 구성한 프로토콜 개발 후 전문가 타당도 검증을 확보하였다. 3단계 연구에서는 부주의 우세형 및 과잉행동-충동형 ADHD 아동에게 프로토콜을 개별적으로 적용한 결과, 탭핑 동기화와 음길이 산출 리듬 과제의 변별과 산출에서 유의한 차이가 있었다. 본 연구는 ADHD 아동의 자발적 주의부터 비자발적 주의까지 이끄는 효과적인 촉진 도구로 리듬을 활용하기 위한 기초자료로서 의의가 있다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제25권5호
• /
• pp.738-748
• /
• 2012

One of the main goals of small, medium and large farms is to improve the reproductive performance of rabbit does. Stocks of lower productivity can be improved by crossing with intensive breeds. A better nutritional status of both foetuses and suckling kits has a positive effect on their later productivity. Overfeeding young females before first mating can lead to conditions of fattiness. Using restricted feeding or higher fibre content in the feed and changing it for a higher level ad libitum feeding about one week prior to first mating leads to longer lifespan and higher productive level. Intensive reproductive rhythm creates a negative energy balance in does : they are unable to consume enough feed (energy) for the nutritional requirements of foetus and lactation, and therefore lose most of their fat reserves. Furthermore, primiparous does also expend energy because they are still growing. Under intensive conditions, the 42-d reproductive rhythm (re-mating 11 days after parturition) is recommended. Under extensive conditions, the 18 or 25-d mating interval with 35 to 42-d weaning could be suitable. On small farms, natural mating is favoured; on large farms AI is commonly employed. The main advantage of AI is the all-in, all-out system. Hormonal (PMSG) treatment is used with AI to increase receptivity on d 11. Frequent and high level PMSG use can lead to higher anti-PMSG antibody rates. Lower level (max. 20 IU) and less frequent PMSG injection or non-hormonal alternative methods (short dam-litter separation, changing nursing method or lighting programs) are recommended for this reason.

• BMB Reports
• /
• 제48권12호
• /
• pp.677-684
• /
• 2015

Cardiovascular function is regulated by the rhythmicity of circadian, infradian and ultradian clocks. Specific time scales of different cell types drive their functions: circadian gene regulation at hours scale, activation-inactivation cycles of ion channels at millisecond scales, the heart's beating rate at hundreds of millisecond scales, and low frequency autonomic signaling at cycles of tens of seconds. Heart rate and rhythm are modulated by a hierarchical clock system: autonomic signaling from the brain releases neurotransmitters from the vagus and sympathetic nerves to the heart's pacemaker cells and activate receptors on the cell. These receptors activating ultradian clock functions embedded within pacemaker cells include sarcoplasmic reticulum rhythmic spontaneous Ca²⁺ cycling, rhythmic ion channel current activation and inactivation, and rhythmic oscillatory mitochondria ATP production. Here we summarize the evidence that intrinsic pacemaker cell mechanisms are the end effector of the hierarchical brain-heart circadian clock system.

• 생명과학회지
• /
• 제23권8호
• /
• pp.1064-1072
• /
• 2013

일주기 리듬은 모든 살아있는 유기체의 생리현상을 지배하는 호르몬의 변화에 의해서 조절된다. 포유동물에서 송과체의 주된 기능은 시상 하부 시교차 상핵에서 발생되는 일주기 리듬을 주로 어두울 때 증가하는 순환성 멜라토닌의 리듬 신호로 변화시키는 것이다. 송과체는 직접적인 광감도는 없지만, 망막신경절세포로 하부조직을 포함하는 멀티 시냅스 경로를 통하여 빛에 반응한다. 주기적인 리듬 조절은 주위환경의 빛과 멜라토닌 생성의 리듬조절 효소인 arylalkylamine-N-acetyltransferase (AANAT)의 발현과 긴밀한 관계를 통해 이루어진다. 이전 실험에서 AANAT 단백질이 어두울 때의 발현이 전사 조절, 전사 후 조절, 번역 후 조절 메커니즘으로 설명되었다. AANAT 단백질 발현에 관한 분자적 기전은 멜라토닌의 일주기 리듬에 대한 새로운 견해를 제공한다. 광범위한 동물 연구에서 많은 포유류의 계절 리듬을 위한 송과체 멜라토닌은 일주기 리듬의 조절과 수면 조절에 관련이 있는 것으로 알려졌다. 이것은 시차증이나 교대 근무 수면 장애와 같은 일주기 리듬 수면 장애를 치료하는 데 있어서 가치가 있다. 또한 멜라토닌은 다른 영역에도 영향을 미치는데 특히 몸의 생리적 기능을 조절하는데 영향을 미친다. 게다가 정신의학적 질환뿐 만 아니라 생식기 질환, 심혈관 질환, 면역 조절 질환도 이 호르몬에 의해 영향을 받는 것으로 밝혀졌다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제28권7호
• /
• pp.966-975
• /
• 2015

Heat production in ruminants follows a diurnal pattern over the course of a day peaking 3 hours following afternoon feeding and then gradually declining to its lowest point prior to morning feeding. In order to clarify the cooling period most effective in reducing decreases in feed intake and milk production, experiments were carried out based on the diurnal rhythm of heat production and heat dissipation. In experiment 1, the effects of hot environment on milk production were investigated. The animals were kept first in a thermoneutral environment ($20.0^{\circ}C$, 80.0%) for 12 days, they were then transitioned to a hot environment ($32^{\circ}C$, 80.0%) for 13 days before being returned to second thermoneutral environment for a further 12 days. In experiment 2, the effectiveness of daytime cooling or nighttime cooling for improving milk production in hot environment was compared. While ten lactating Japanese Saanen goats (aged 2 years, weighing 41.0 kg) during early lactation were used in experiment 1, ten lactating goats (aged 2 years, weighing 47.5 kg) during mid-lactation were used in experiment 2. The animals were fed 300 g of concentrated feed and excessive amounts of crushed alfalfa hay cubes twice daily. Water was given ad libitum. The animals were milked twice daily. When exposed to a hot environment, milk yield and composition decreased significantly (p<0.05). Milk yield in the hot environment did not change with daytime cooling, but tended to increase with nighttime cooling. Compared to the daytime cooling, milk components percentages in the nighttime cooling were not significantly different but the milk components yields in the nighttime cooling were significantly higher (p<0.05). The results indicate that nighttime cooling is more effective than daytime cooling in the reduction of milk production declines in lactating goats exposed to a hot environment.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제26권1호
• /
• pp.43-49
• /
• 2013

The aim of this study was to compare both the performance of litters derived from two sire genetic origins (SGO), Vienna Blue (VB) and Burgundy Fawn (BF), along successive seasons of birth (SB; winter, spring, summer and autumn), and doe reproductive performance in an organic production system. A total of fifty-eight does consisting of a mixture of crosses of several medium-large size breeds at different parity order (P, 1 = nulliparous; 2 = primiparous; ${\geq}3$ = multiparous) and twelve males (6 VB and 6 BF) were housed indoors at environmental conditions that followed seasonality. An extensive reproductive rhythm was used and kits were weaned at $46{\pm}6$ d of age. Doe reproductive performance and the data of 105 litters (55 from VB and 50 from BF SGO) were recorded throughout the SB. No statistically significant differences related to SGO effect were observed. As regards parity order, multiparous does showed higher live weights (LW) (p<0.05), total born (p<0.01), total born alive (p<0.05) per delivery, and litter weight of born alive (p<0.05), but lower milk output at 21st d than primiparous does (p<0.05). The extensive reproductive rhythm mainly increased litter performance at birth in multiparous does but was not sufficient to permit a complete recovery of body reserves lost during lactation. Autumn SB negatively affected doe LW variation between deliveries. The number of pups born and born alive per delivery (p<0.05) and litter size at 21 d of age and at weaning (p<0.01) were lower during hot SB. Due to the lower litter size of pups born in summer and autumn, their individual weight at 21st d of age and daily individual growth rate 0 to 21 d were higher than those of pups born in winter (p<0.001). Litter performance at 21st d of age and individual pup pre-weaning growth rate were poorer for those born in spring than in other seasons due to the harmful effects of increased environmental temperatures. SB affected most of the performance traits of does and young rabbits reared under the organic farming system. The rabbits seemed better suited to organic rearing conditions during winter than in other seasons. The worst results overall were obtained in the spring SB, whereas the hot SB negatively affected both doe energy balance and prolificacy. In conclusion, the pups of the 2 SGO showed good pre-weaning performance and seemed suited to the organic rabbit production system.

• 한국축산시설환경학회지
• /
• 제6권2호
• /
• pp.91-96
• /
• 2000

This study was carried out to determine the effect of sound stimulation on growth performance, feeding behaviour and egg production of laying hens. A total of 180 laying hens(4 weeks old) were alloted to 18 cages with 10hens per cage and 6 cages per treatment. Laying hens were exposed to three sounds: control, Leq 50dB and Leq 75dB. The growth performance was measured fro m4 weeks to 17 weeks of age, feeding behaviour was observed at 5weeks, 7weeks, 10weeks and 50 weeks of age using data from real-time videotapes, while eg production was recorded from 20 weeks to 50 weeks of age. Growth performance was improved in the sound stimulated laying hens from 12 weeks to 17 weeks of age. In the 50dB simulated laying hens spent more longer time for feeding than others during the experimental period. Egg production of 50dB stimulated laying hens from 20 weeks to 50 weeks was higher than others, however 75dB stimulated laying hens were significantly lower than 50dB stimulated hens(P<0.05). The results indicated that the growth and egg production of egg type chicken can be influenced by sound stimulation through physiological rhythm.

• 정보처리학회논문지D
• /
• 제14D권4호
• /
• pp.381-388
• /
• 2007

데이터 전송 기술의 발달과 디지털 기기의 다양한 보급으로 소비자들은 디지털 콘텐츠를 생산하는 주체로 변화하였다. 생성되는 다양한 콘텐츠 중 사용자는 동영상 제작에 큰 관심을 보였으며, 그 중 음악과 사진으로 동영상을 제작하는 방법은 사용자에게 보다 손쉽게 동영상을 만들 수 있도록 제공되었다. 그러나 현재의 방법은 사진과 사진간의 연관성이 결여되었을 뿐 아니라, 음악의 리듬과 관계없이 일정 시간 간격에 따라 사진이 변화한다. 본 논문에서는 음악 분석을 통하여 음악 리듬에 따라 사진이 변화하고, 사진 분석을 통하여 사진 간의 연관성을 나타낼 수 있는 동영상 제작 방법을 제안한다. 음악 분석은 RMS를 이용하여 리듬이 강한 부분을 찾았으며, 사진 분석은 구조 단순도와 얼굴 영역 추출을 이용하여 인물 사진과 풍경사진으로 분류하였다. 사진 분석은 86.4%의 성공률을 보였으며, 이를 이용하여 음악 리듬에 맞은 사진 변화 위치와 사진간의 연관성을 가진 순서 배치를 할 수 있었다. 따라서 음악 분석과 사진 분석을 이용한 자연스럽고 효과적인 동영상을 제작 할 수 있다.

• Journal of the korean society of oceanography
• /
• 제32권2호
• /
• pp.85-92
• /
• 1997

Seasonality in abundance and egg production was investigated for Calanus sinicus in Asan Bay, Korea, and feeding effort was measured in the laboratory condition. Although abundances of this species in this bay showed only one Peak in spring, egg Production showed two peaks, spring and fall, in this bay. Potential of year-round egg Production was also found. Food availability judged by the particulate organic carbon (POC) concentration was usually more than enough in this bay. High egg Production in fall resulted in spring Peak in abundance. But high egg Production in spring did not result in summer or fall Peak in abundance. Low abundances in summer and fall were believed to be the result of long range horizontal migration out to the central Part of the Yellow Sea. The highest average egg Production by the Population of this species was 16.3 eggs female-'day-'. Maximum e99 Production by an individual was 39.0 e99s female$^{-1}$ day$^{-1}$, which yielded 30.7% of specific egg Production rate in terms of body carbon content with the carbon contents of 44.44$^{\mu}$gC and 0.35 $^{\mu}$gC for individual adult female and egg, respectively. Clearance rate (F) measured in the laboratory condition decreased exponentially with the increase of food concentrations, as expected. The asymptote of F was 3.17 ml copepod$^{-1}$ h$^{-1}$. When this value and the minimum concentration of POC measured in the field were applied under the assumption of continuous feeding in the nature, the calculated gross efficient of egg production was 41.6% in case of average egg production of the population. Violation of the assumption of diurnal feeding rhythm and application of the minimum concentration of POC may offset the influence on calculation each other.

• 패션비즈니스
• /
• 제27권6호
• /
• pp.47-65
• /
• 2023

The purpose of this study is to derive the future-oriented characteristics Sonia Delaunay presented at the time based on the identity and modernity shown in her works and diverse activity. The scope of study spans from 1907 to the start of World War II and includes both applied and fine arts, with a focus on textiles and fashion. The research method is a literary study that includes old documents, exhibition booklets, and explanations from museum curators. The visual materials are actual works observed at exhibitions and digital images of various exhibitions. As a result of the research, she was a practitioner who expressed her identity in marriage, artwork, textiles, and fashion. In order to embody her design and express modernity, she showed geometric and modern motifs and she incorporated a sense of bright color and modernized light into her work by following the principle of simultaneous contrast in color. Additionally, she applied Hungarian embroidery techniques to simple materials and created geometric abstraction with her simultaneous colors, which contributed to both originality and the mass production of textile design. The future-oriented characteristics she presented are the dynamism of modern rhythm, the expansion of convergence and collaboration, the innovation of new production and exhibition, the media of consumer society, and the femininity of modern life. She recognized the mass consumer society and mass production of the early 20th century and actively utilized various media and genres to evoke a dynamic sense necessary for modern life and presented a design to be seen as a modern woman.