• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.118-126
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• 2021

BACKGROUND: It is very important to monitor the residual characteristics of pesticides in pre-harvest fresh ginseng to ensure consumer safety. METHODS AND RESULTS: Forty-eight fresh ginseng samples were collected from 8 ginseng-growing fields 10 days before harvest and pesticide residues in fresh ginseng with and without rhizome (head of ginseng) and rhizome were analyzed for 320 pesticides by using GC-MS/MS and LC-MS/MS. As a result of the pesticide residue analysis, the number of pesticides detected from the fresh ginseng with rhizome, that without rhizome and rhizome were 26, 25, and 40, respectively, indicating that high number of pesticides found in rhizome, compared with the other parts. Pyraclostrobin was detected with the highest frequency in all samples, reaching to 21.2% in fresh ginseng with rhizome, 16.8% in that without rhizome, and 14.8% in rhizome. CONCLUSION: The residue levels of pesticides detected did not exceed their maximum residue limits, in spite of residual data in fresh ginseng before harvest. The amounts of the estimated daily intakes of all the detected pesticides were found to be from 0.018 to 1.818% of their acceptable daily intakes, indicating that concentrations of pesticides detected from fresh ginseng with and without rhizome collected before harvest do not pose the immediate health risks.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.282-285
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• 2004

지황의 안정적인 저장으로 종근 비용을 절감하고자 재래종과 생육특성이 상이한 지황 1호를 공시하여 저장 후 120일 동안의 저장방법에 따른 종근 특성을 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 지황의 저장방법별 온도변화는 움저장에서 7.2∼13.8$^{\circ}C$로 가장 적었고 스치로폼상자내 흙을 충진한 저장에서 높았으며, 습도는 움저장에서 98.2%로 가장 높았다. 당도와 중량 감모율 그리고 부패율은 저장기간이 경과할수록 증가하는 경향을 보였으며, 왕겨를 충진한 망사와 스치로폼상자내 저장에서 당도와 중량 감모율이 높았으나, 부패율은 움저장에서 27.5%로 가장 높았다. 저장중 경도의 변화는 저장기간이 경과할수록 표피의 경도는 증가하는 경향이었으나, 내부 경도는 감소하는 경향을 보였다.

• 생약학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.411-418
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• 1995

In order to clarify the originality of several Alisma Rhizomes, we investigated the differences of their morphological, anatomical and physiochemical characteristics. Morphological observation shows the variability of Alisma shape and quality. The diversities in morphological shapes and qualities of tuber were observed among different origins. Chinese product looked like corm shape, but korean's irregular shape. The microscopic observation of korean Alisma revealed the presence of irregular vascular bundle which was scattered transversely and longitudinaly, which was different from that of the rhizome. This facts suggest that the portion of crude drug in Alisma should be the corm rather than the rhizome. In the physicochemical differences, chinese Alisma contains larger amount of mineral elements such as K, Na and Ca than korean Alisma. On the contrary, protein contents in lyophilized powder of aqueous extracts in korean Alisma rhizome was significantly higher than chinese Alisma rhizome. The leaves and stems contained larger amount of Ca and Na than tuber, and may be used as the osmotic diuretics for chinese traditional medicine.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.343-346
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• 1995

The inclusion of crude ginger rhizome (zingiber officinale) extract at 0.5 to 1.0% (v/w) in the marination of marginally acceptable lean beef improved meat tenderness by 20-30% in the absence of 2% salt and by 35-45% in the presence of 2% salt. Ginger extract also retarded the development of rancidity and increased shelf-life of precooked lean beef two-fold in saran-wrap (no vacuum) storage at $4^{\circ}C$. Ginger rhizome improves the palatability and acceptability of lean beef from carcasses of marginal quality. It is particularly beneficial for the preparation of pre-cooked ready-to-eat beef products that are not vacuum-packaged.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.334-341
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• 2013

Studies were carried to evaluated the influence of storage method by temperatures and fillers on yield and quality of seed rhizome in turmeric. Seed rhizome was stored at styrofoam box filled with rice hull and sand (3:1) or vermiculite for 30, 60 and 90 days at different temperatures (5, 10 and $15^{\circ}C$. compared to traditional method (rhizome only). Parameters were obtained for weight loss, cold injury, percentage of decayed in stored rhizome during storage periods. Also, the germination, growth pattern and yield from stored rhizome has been investigated. It was confirmed that storage of turmeric in stored with filled with vermiculite helps in prevention of rhizomes from microbial and fungal attack. The storage of rhizomes in styrofoam box without any filler at low temperature below $10^{\circ}C$. is not advocated due to heavy losses weight and decayed in management of postharvest for turmeric rhizome. Germination percentage, growth pattern and yield was maximum for rhizomes stored at styrofoam box filled with vermiculite for 90 days at $15^{\circ}C$. The paper outlines a brief attempt to assess the efficacy of non-chemical methods including optimal storage method (temperature and filler) of control of decay and moisture losses during storage of turmeric.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.224-230
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• 2017

Background: The current regulations regarding the storage of medicinal herbs do not define the storage temperature; instead, but the only requirement is that the plastic bags used for storing the medicinal herbs should be tightly sealed during storage. The practice of storing medicinal herbs at room temperature ($28^{\circ}C$), causes many problems, including growth of insect pests on the stored medicinal herbs. Thus, it is necessary to understand the effect of insect pests on the quality of medicinal herbs stored at room temperature ($28^{\circ}C$) for the improving the relevant regulations. Methods and Results: Cnidium rhizome and Angelica radix were infested with Lasioderma serricorne F. adults and incubated at $28^{\circ}C$ for 2.5 and 5 months. The population of L. serricorne was established rapidly, and left many holes, cadavers, and feces on the stored medicinal herbs, thereby greatly damaging the product appearance and hygiene. In addition, active ingredients of the medicinal herbs were significantly decreased, probably reducing their medicinal quality as well. Conclusions: These results indicate that the current regulations are not sufficient to prevent the establishment of storage insect pests and guarantee the quality and hygiene of stored medicinal herbs. Therefore, it is necessary to devise proper storage protocols and upgrade the current relevant regulations to maintain the quality of medicinal herbs during storage.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 1997

토양수분(土壤水分) 부족(不足)이 토천궁(土川芎)(Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort.)의 수량(收量) 및 품질(品質)에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 비가림 비닐하우스를 이용하여 우리나라 기상(氣象) 여건상(與件上) 한발(旱魃)이 자주 발생되는 유식물기(幼植物期), 개화기(開花期) 및 근경비대기(根莖肥大期)에 토양수분(土攘水分) 부족(不足)을 유발시킨 처리구와 전(全) 생육기간동안 포장용수량 수준으로 관수를 하여준 대조구를 두어 시험을 수행한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 근경(根莖)의 수량(收量)은 대조구에 비해 근경비대기(根莖肥大期) 수분부족(水分不足) 처리시(處理時) 19.1%, 유식물기(幼植物期) 수분부족(水分不足) 처리시(處理時) 18.2%, 개화기(開花期) 수분부족(水分不足) 처리시(處理時) 17.6%가 각각(各各) 감소(減少)되어 근경비대기(根莖肥大期) 수분부족(水分不足) 처리시(處理時) 감소정도(減少程度)가 가장 컸다. 2. 상품율(商品率)(생근경(生根莖) 20g이상(以上) 비율(比率))은 유식물기(幼植物期) 수분부족(水分不足) 처리시(處理時) 85.0%, 개화기(開花期) 수분부족(水分不足) 처리시(處理時) 81.7%, 근경비대기(根莖肥大期) 수분부족(水分不足) 처리시(處理時) 78.3%, 대조구(對照區) 93.4%로 근경비대기(根莖肥大期) 수분부족(水分不足) 처리시(處理時) 가장 낮았으며, 엑스 함량은 대조구(對照區) > 근경비대기(根莖肥大期) > 개화기(開花期) > 유식물기(幼植物期) 수분부족(水分不足) 처리(處理)의 순으로 높았다. 3. 근경(根莖)의 수량(收量)은 세근(細根)의 수량(收量)과 유의적인 상관관계(相關關係)가 있었으며, 엑스함량은 줄기의 건물중(乾物重) 및 세근수량(細根收量)과 유의성 있는 상관관계(相關關係)가 인정되었다.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.354-361
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• 2018

Background: This study was conducted to investigate the growth characteristics, root yield and curcuminoid content of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.), cultivated using mother seed rhizomes (MR) and finger seed rhizome (FR) of different sizes. MR are attached to the stem, and FR are connected to the MR, and are used as a general seed rhizome. Methods and Results: Seed rhizomes of different types and sizes were used: large, medium and small for FR, and large, half-sized, and small for MR. These were assigned to the experimental groups and cultivated under greenhouse conditions. The growth characteristics, root yield, and curcuminoid content did not show clear difference between MR and FR, but suggest that the larger seed rhizomes (above 30 g) could have higher root yields. On average, harvested mother rhizomes (HMR) contained more curcuminoid than harvested finger rhizomes (HFR), while the yield of HFR was higher than that of HMR. The higher weight of harvested roots correlated significantly with elevated curcuminoid content. Conclusions: The two seed rhizomes, MR and FR, did not differ in root yield and curcuminoid contents, but larger seed rhizomes may produce better root yields. This suggest that the optimum seed rhizome is larger FR, to produce higher yields and quality in turmeric root production.

• 고려인삼학회:학술대회논문집
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• 고려인삼학회 2002년도 학술대회지
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• pp.238-252
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• 2002

In order to screen out indicators for the discrimination of ginseng habitat, some physical and chemical characteristics of Korean red ginsengs (94 kinds) and Chinese red ginsengs (50 kinds) were analyzed by using a rheometer, an electronic nose system, a combined technique of solid phase micro-extraction (SPME) and gas chromatograph equipped with an electron capture detector (GC/ECD), an X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (XRF), an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP/MS), a near infrared spectrometer (NIRs) and high performance liquid chromatography equipped with evaporative light scattering detector (HPLC/ELSD). The results are summarized as follows: (i) The rhizome strengths of Korean red ginsengs were significantly higher than those of Chinese red ginsengs. (ii) The electronic nose patterns of Korean red ginsengs were significantly different from those of Chinese red ginsengs. (iii) Some unidentified peaks were detected not in the headspace of Korean red ginsengs but in the headspace of Chinese red ginsengs when the headspace volatiles prepared by the SPME technique were analyzed by GC/ECD. (iv) Either the content ratios of K to Ca or Mn to Fe were significantly different between Korean red ginsengs and Chinese red ginsengs. (v) The reflectance ratios of NIRs wavenumbers such as $904\;cm^{-1}\;to\;1088\;cm^{-1}$ for Korean red ginsengs were significantly different from those for Chinese red ginsengs. (vi) The content ratios of ginsenoside-Rg to ginsenoside-Re of Korean red ginsengs were significantly higher than those of Chinese red ginsengs. These results indicate that the rhizome strength, the electronic nose pattern, the occurrence of ECD-sensitive headspace volatile components, the content ratios of K to Ca and Mn to Fe, the NIRs pattern and the content ratio of ginsenoside-Rg to -Re may be indicators for the discrimination of ginseng habitat.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.138-145
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• 2010

Curcuma longa L. (turmeric) is an important medicinal plant that has been historically used in herbal medicine and in the health food throughout Asia etc. Recently, the demands on rhizome of turmeric are increasing greatly by well-being boom, but there is not enough to meet the demands. To fulfill increasing demands, cultivation system strategies using the organic fertilizers are required to produce a greater amount of rhizome with good quality and yield. A field experiment was conducted to determine the effect of composts, NPK fertilizer(control, F), NPK + swine manure(SM) and NPK + fermentation manure from the wasted oriental medicine materials(OMWM), on rhizome yield and the content of bioactive components for quality. Our results showed that two compost applications can increase both rhizomes(24.1-25.9%) and curcumin(21.7-41.0%) yields, respectively, compared to F control. The content of amino acids increased significantly by SM and OMWM treatments. SM and OMWM application also increased the total phenol yields 7.8 and 8.7 g/10a compared with control 6.3 g/10a, the flavonoid yields 6.3 and 7.3 g/10a compared with control 5.3 g/10a, and also antioxidant activity 21.7 and 41%, respectively, as compared to the control. Especially, OMWM was more effective in total rhizomes yields and bioactivities and in the biosynthesis of curcumin and bioactive components than SM treatments, but the biological pathway was not clear, still. This experiment suggests that curcumin or bioactive components affected by adding SM and OMWM could increase the yields and quality of turmeric.