• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.27 no.3 s.47
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• pp.411-423
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• 1994

The survey methods for confirming the epidemicity and identifying the possible causes of the cancer epidemic can be different from those for infectious diseases. The procedure for confirming whether the outbreak is epidemic or not is quite different. Household survey for identifying cancer cases and residents actually living at the area should be done. Hospital survey for medical record review should be performed to identify all cancer cases among the residents of the outbreak area and confirmig the final diagnoses of the cancer cases. Comparing the level of cancer incidence or mortality with other areas can be done by using Poisson distribution, or calculating SIR (Standard Incidence Ratio) from cumulative incidence rates. Case-control study can be conducted to identify the etiologic, factors of the cancer epidemic and to establish strategy for preventing further recurrence of the outbreak.

• Journal of Korean Society of Archives and Records Management
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.73-101
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• 2005

This study aims to identify the developing process of classification shemes for NGO records. And it chooses the KFEM(Korea Federation for Environmental Movenment) for case study, which is a representative NGO of Korea. This study proposes the classification principles in the form that the function classification and subject classification are combined. The development model of function classification schemes on the KFEM records is based on the Australian Standard Work Process Analysis for Recordkeeping(AS 5090) and the DIRKS (Designing and Implementing Recordkeeping Systems) methodology. Literature review, interviews, work process analysis, and questionnaire surveys have been employed as research methodology.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.18 no.2 s.40
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• pp.79-95
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• 2006

This study was based on the conceptual framework of Home Economics curriculum development carried by Korean Institution of Curriculum and Instruction. The purpose of this study was to develop the educational objectives and content standards for family life area In home economics education. To achieve this, literature review and need assessment on curriculum contents for family life were performed, and expert group meeting and workshop were held. The results form various meetings and workshop were reflected in developing educational objectives and content standards. The educational objectives were developed in both general and specific levels. Content standards were developed according to educational objectives in specific level and major concepts for each content standard were proposed. The curriculum materials proposed in this study can be considered as a precious research for the upcoming future development of national curriculum and textbooks.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.165-177
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• 1984

The purpose of this study was to investigate satisfaction with the function of interior space of apartment and factor which influence it, and then to provide housing practitioners with basic data for more desirable apartment interior environment. On the basis of the review of literature, questionnaire was developed. The sample was classified into type of unit floor plan and house size of 17 districts in Seoul. 139 households were selected in three districts which were the first three regions of high apartment density. Data were analyzed by computer using frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, F-test, Duncans multiple range test, η2 , person's product moment correlation coefficient. the results are as follows: Factors which influence satisfaction with the functionality of interior were household size and family life cycle as sociodemographic variable, and type of unit floor plan as physical variable. It was shown that the satisfaction with the functionality of interior was related to satisfaction with the external environment. More specifically, (1)the smaller a household size was the more the owner became satisfied. (2)households were in the stage of establishment in the family life cycle and households with C type of unit floor plan showed higher degree of satisfaction. (3) satisfaction with the functionality of interior had positibly related to satisfaction with the external environment.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.7 no.6
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• pp.65-72
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• 2007

The economic growth of the modern society brought economic expansion of the national income. It is to increase the demand that faced with community or convenience facilities helping living of the residents, but the community facilities in the apartment helping living of residents do not adapt resident living conditions or demands. This study analyzes as follows the use present situation of the community facilities supplied with an apartment plan and building plans. The objective of the study is to understand a problem of an installation standard of community facililities throughout research. The study way was based on literature review, a field study and an interview with manager in the apartments. We are as follows telling the conclusion of this research. The builder must plan the facilities which the resident requests from the plan stage to the conclusion. We must consider the operation method according to the facilities. The facilities must be planed to make the contentment of the resident with the usage.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.8 no.10
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• pp.1589-1594
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• 2013

Vehicular communication is one of representative convergence technology which combines information technology and vehicle industry. Wireless Access in Vehicular Environments (WAVE) technology is vehicular communication standard which is widely used in the world. In this paper, we introduce service realization of WAVE based vehicular communication systems in the practical testbed. We review the overall WAVE based systems in brief and introduce the testbed. Then, we investigate various applications using vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communications. Based on realization of systems, we discuss practical implementation issues and the convergence area of WAVE systems.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.287-305
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• 2006

Many public libraries in Korea have a library service charter setting out the standard of service users can expect. It will help drive and sustain a process of continuous improvement in library service quality and help poster good relations with users, most of whom will appreciate library efforts to take account of their views. In this background. the purposes of the study are (1) to study a theoretical review of the library service charter, (2) to explore an analytical evaluation of charter's contents. through a library service charter of 'B' public library in located Gyeonggido. Analytical results generally. 'B' Public library's charter fulfills the charter's principles and criteria, but service practice standards are insufficient for appropriateness and realization.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.303-312
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• 2020

Background: Lidocaine is the gold standard local anesthetic (LA) for UK pediatric dental treatment. Recent reports suggest frequent Articaine use in Europe and Canada, with evidence indicating more profound anesthesia. The aim of this study was to examine pediatric dentistry specialist experiences and practices relating to Articaine administration in the UK. Methods: A literature review was followed by a survey using an anonymous 15-item electronic questionnaire, which was sent to 200 registered British Society of Pediatric Dentistry (BSPD) specialists. Descriptive analyses, Z score, chi-squared test, Fisher's exact test, and Spearman's correlation test were performed. Results: Sixty-one (30.5%) participants responded, and 12 (19.7%) indicated Articaine as their first line anesthetic. Articaine was used daily or weekly by 38 (62.3%) respondents, depending on the clinical context. Articaine was commonly used to avoid inferior alveolar nerve blocks and gain more profound anesthesia in abscessed or hypomineralized teeth. Participants reported significantly more adverse effects with lidocaine (Fisher's exact test, P < 0.0001) than with Articaine. Articaine was most often administered in children aged > 4 years via infiltration techniques. Only 15 (24.6%) respondents reported awareness of guidelines for Articaine use in pediatric patients. Conclusions: Articaine use in pediatric dentistry is common; however, evidence supporting its practice is limited. Several specialists follow conventions based on anecdotal evidence. Formulating guidance to aid decision-making when treating pediatric patients under LA would be beneficial.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.35.1-35.17
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• 2020

Epoxy resin-based sealers are currently widely used, and several studies have considered AH Plus to be the gold-standard sealer. However, it still has limitations, including possible mutagenicity, cytotoxicity, inflammatory response, and hydrophobicity. Drawing upon the advantages of mineral trioxide aggregate, calcium silicate-based sealers were introduced with high levels of biocompatibility and hydrophilicity. Because of the hydrophilic environment in root canals, water resorption and solubility of root canal sealers are important factors contributing to their stability. Sealers displaying lower microleakage and stronger push-out bond strength are also needed to endure the dynamic tooth environment. Although the physical properties of calcium silicate-based sealers meet International Organization for Standardization recommendations, and they have consistently reported to be biocompatible, they have not overcome conventional resin-based sealers in actual practice. Therefore, further studies aiming to improve the physical properties of calcium silicate-based sealers are needed.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2009.04b
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• pp.3-5
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• 2009

교류 자기장의 정밀측정, 자기장 측정기의교정 및 관련 시험 등 을 지원하기 위해 교류자기장 표준장치를 개발하였다. 주파수에 따른 확장분확도(expanded uncertainty, 2 $\sigma$)는 1 MBz 이하에서 0.16 %, 1 kHz $\sim$ 5 kHz 에서 0.26 %, 5 kHz $\sim$ 20 kHz에서 0.44 % 이었다. 측정결과에 대한 국제적 신뢰성 및 상호인증을 확보하기 위하여 핵심측정표준 국제비교(international key comparison)에 참여하였으며, 또한 측정능력, 교정 및 시험방법 등에 대한 국제적 전문가로부터 평가(peer review)를 수감하였다. 따라서 한국표준과학연구원 (KRISS)에서 교정 및 측정한 결과에 대해서는 국제적 상호인증을 받을 수 있다.