• 한국식품과학회지
• /
• 제29권4호
• /
• pp.804-807
• /
• 1997

제일제당주식회사에서는 미생물발효법을 이용하여 palatinose를 대량생산하게 되었다. Palatinose 산물의 안전성을 확인하기 위하여 1) Salmonella typhimurium을 이용한 미생물복귀돌연변이시험, 2) Chinese Hamster Lung (CHL) 세포를 이용한 in vitro 염색체이상시험을 실시하였다. Palatinose 및 palatinose syrup은 미생물복귀돌연변이 시험에서 10 mg/plate의 용량까지 복귀돌연변이를 유발하지 않았으며, CHL 세포에서도 5 mg/mL 농도에서 염색체이상을 유발하지 않았다. 이 결과는 palatinose 산물들이 위의 in vitro 변이원성시험계에서 돌연변이원성을 나타내지 않음을 보여준다.

• Molecular & Cellular Toxicology
• /
• 제3권1호
• /
• pp.53-59
• /
• 2007

This study was conducted to evaluate the mutagenic potential of dimethyl isophthalate (DMIP) using Ames bacterial reverse mutation test, chromosomal aberration test and mouse lymphoma $tk^{+/-}$ gene assay. As results, in Ames bacterial reversion assay, DMIP was tested up to the concentration of 5,000 ${\mu}g$/plate and did not induce mutagenicity in Salmonella typhimurium strains TA98, TA100, TA1535 and TA1537, and Escherichia coli WP2uvrA with or without metabolic activation (S9 mix). Using cytotoxicity test, the maximal doses of DMIP for chromosomal aberration assay were determined at 1,250 ${\mu}g/mL$, which was a minimum precipitation concentration ($IC_{50}>1,940\;{\mu}g/mL$ or 10 mM) and at 155 ${\mu}g/mL$ ($IC_{50}:155\;{\mu}g/mL$) in the presence and the absence, respectively, of S9 mix. DMIP in the presence of S9 mix induced statistically significant (P<0.001) increases in the number of cells with chromosome aberrations at the dose levels of over 250 ${\mu}g/mL$, when compared with the negative control. However, DMIP in the absence of S9 mix did not caused significant induction in chromosomal aberrant cells. In MLA, DMIP at the dose range of 242.5-1,940 ${\mu}g/mL$ in the presence of S9 mix induced statistically significant increases in mutation frequencies related to small colony growth, whereas any significant mutation frequency was not observed in absence of S9 mix. From these results, it is conclusively suggested that dimethyl isophthalate may be a clastogen rather than a point mutagen.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
• /
• 제6권1호
• /
• pp.56-62
• /
• 1998

Mutagenicity of recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO) was examined in the reverse mutation test on bacteria, in the chromosomal aberration test on cultured mammalian cells and in the micronucleus test on mice. The reverse mutation test was performed by a plate incorporation method with or wothout a metabolic activation system (59 Mix) using Salmonella typhimurium strain TA100, TA1535, TA98 and TA 1537. The rhEPO did not significantly increase revertant colonies in any of the test strains under any conditions at dose levels ranging from 1000 H/ml to 62.5 lu/plate, compared with the vehicle control. In the chromosomal aberration test using cultured Chinese Hamster Lung (CHL) cells, the number of aberrant cells was not increased in the presence or absence of 59 Mix at concentrations of 1000 lU/ml to 250 lU/ml, compared with the vehicle control. In the micronucleus test, male ICR mice were given rhEPO intraperitoneally at a dose level of 25000, 12500 and 6250 lU/kg. The incidence of bone marrow micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes was not different from that of the vehicle control. From these results, rhEPO is considered to be non-mutagenic under the present test conditions.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
• /
• 제4권3호
• /
• pp.224-231
• /
• 1996

DA-5018, a non-narcotic analgesic agent, was examined for mutagenicity in the reverse mutation test on bacteria, chromosomal aberration test on cultured mammalian cells and micronucleus test on mice. The reverse mutation test was performed by a plate incorporation method with or without a metabolic activation system(S9 mix) using Salmonella typhimurium strain TA100, TA1535, TA98 and TA1537. DA-5018 did not significantly increase revertant colonies in any of the test strains under any conditions at concentrations ranging from 0.0049 to 1.25 mg/plate, compared with the vehicle control. In the chromosomal aberration test using cultured Chinese Hamster Lung(CHL) cells, DA-5018 did not increase the number of aberrant cells in the presence or absence of S9 mix at concentrations of 0.016 mM/plate to 0.25 mM/plate, compared with the vehicle control. In the micronucleus test, male ICR mice were given DA-5018 intraperitoneally at a dose level of 0.55, 1.10 and 2.20 mg/kg. The incidence of bone marrow micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes in the DA-5018 treated mice was not significantly different from that of the vehicle control. These results indicate that DA-5018 does not have mutagenic potential under the present test conditions.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
• /
• 제3권4호
• /
• pp.294-300
• /
• 1995

DA-3002, an authentic recombinant human growth hormone(rhGH), was examined for mutagenicity in the reverse mutation test on bacteria, in the chromosomal aberration test on cultured mammalian cells and in the micronucleous test on mice. The reverse mutation test was performed by a plate incorporation method with or without a metabolic activation system(S9 Mix) using Salmonella typhimurium strain TA100, TA1535, TA98 and TA1537. DA-3002 did not significantly increase revertant colonies in any of the test strains under any conditions at dose levels ranging from 0.0125 to 0.4 IU/plate, compared with the vehicle control. In the chromosomal aberration test using cultured Chinese hamster lung(CHL) cells, DA-3002 did not increase the number of aberrant cells in the presence or absence of S9 mix at concentrations of 0.0125 IU/mι to 0.4 IU/mι, compared with the vehicle control. In the micronucleus test, male ICR mice were given DA-3002 intraperitoneally at a dose level of 20, 40 and 80 lU/kg. The incidence of bone marrow micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes in the DA-3002 treated mice did not differ from that of the vehicle control. These results indicate that DA-3002 doesn't have mutagenic potential under the present test conditions.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
• /
• 제18권2호
• /
• pp.111-116
• /
• 2013

Chrysanthemum indicum is widely used to treat immune-related and infectious disorders in East Asia. C. indicum flower oil contains 1,8-cineole, germacrene D, camphor, ${\alpha}$-cadinol, camphene, pinocarvone, ${\beta}$-caryophyllene, 3-cyclohexen- 1-ol, and ${\gamma}$-curcumene. We evaluated the safety of C. indicum flower oil by conducting acute oral toxicity, bone marrow micronucleus, and bacterial reverse mutation tests. Mortality, clinical signs and gross findings of mice were measured for 15 days after the oral single gavage administration of C. indicum flower oil. There were no mortality and clinical signs of toxicity at 2,000 mg/kg body weight/day of C. indicum flower oil throughout the 15 day period. Micronucleated erythrocyte cell counts for all treated groups were not significantly different between test and control groups. Levels of 15.63~500 ${\mu}g$ C. indicum flower oil/plate did not induce mutagenicity in S. Typhimurium and E. coli, with or without the introduction of a metabolic activation system. These results indicate that ingesting C. indicum flower oil produces no acute oral toxicity, bone marrow micronucleus, and bacterial reverse mutation.

• 한국환경성돌연변이발암원학회지
• /
• 제22권2호
• /
• pp.106-111
• /
• 2002

AG6O, the complex of acriflavine and guanosine, has been shown to possess the synergistic antitumorigenic activity in the previous paper (J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 1997, 49:216). In this study, we have investigated the genotoxic properties of AG60 using in vitro and in vivo system such as Ames bacterial reversion test, chromosomal aberration assay and micronucleus assay. In Ames reverse mutation test, AG60 treatment at the dose range up to 250 $\mu\textrm{g}$/plate caused the dose-independent random induction of the mutagenic colony formation in S. typhimurium TA98, TA100, TA1537, and E. coli WP2uvrA, while any mutagenic effect of AG60 wasn't observed in S. typhimurium TA1535. Any significant chromosomal aberration wasn't observed in chinese hamster lung (CHL) fibroblast cells incubated with PBS or AG60 at the concentrations of 2.5, 5, 10 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$ for 24 hours without but even with 59 metabolic activation system for 6 hours. In vivo ICR mice, the intramuscular injection of AG60 at the doses of 7.15, 14.3, and 28.6 mg/kg did not induce the frequency of micronucleus formation. However, mitomycin C, as one of the positive controls at the dose of 2 mg/kg caused the 8.4% induction in the frequency of micronucleus and 24% increase in the chromosomal aberration.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
• /
• 제2권3호
• /
• pp.286-291
• /
• 1994

The mutagenicity of DA-3030(rhG-CSF)was studied by reverse mutation test, chromosome aberration test and micronucleus test. The reverse mutatuon test in bacteria was performed using salmonella typhimurium strain TA100, TA98, TA1535 and TA1537 with rhG-CSF in any of the concentrations(150, 75, 37.5, 18.75, 9.375 and 4,6875 $\mu\textrm{g}$/plate), no increase in the number of revertant colonies in each strain was observed, irrespective of treatment with the metabolic activation system(S-9 mix) The chromosome aberration test was carried out using CHL cells, cell line from chinese hamster lung. With 4 doses(75, 37.5, 18.75 and 9.375 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml) of rhG-/CSF the cells were treated for 24 or 48 hours in the direct method or for 6 hours followed by 18 hour-expression time in the metabolic activation method. Results of the study showed, by the direct method or metabolic activation method, no trend toward increase in the number of aberrant metaphase. The micronucleus test was carried out using ICR mice at the age of 8 weeks. Three doses(862.5, 1725 and 3450 $\mu\textrm{g}$/kg) of DA-3030 were admintstered intraperitoneally with single shot and bone marrow cells were sampled at 24 hours after administration. Neither the number of polychromatic erythrocytes with micronuclei nor the ratio of normochromatic erythrocytes to polychromatic erythrocytes increased singinficantly in each dose, compared with a vehicle control. These results indicate that rhG-CSF has not mutagenic potential under the condiions.

• Toxicological Research
• /
• 제21권1호
• /
• pp.71-75
• /
• 2005

Chrysin (5,7-dihydroxyflavone) is a flavonoid compound contained in many fruits, vegetables and honey. In our experiment, we investigated genotoxicity of chrysin using bacterial reverse mutation assay, chromosomal aberration test, in vivo micronucleus test. In bacterial reverse mutation assay, chrysin did not induce mutagenicity in Salmonella typhimurium TA98, TA100, TA1535, TA1537, TA102 with and without metabolic activation. In chromosome aberration test, chrysin did not also induce structural and numerical abberations regardless of metabolic activation in Chinese hamster lung fibroblast cells. In mouse micronucleus test, no significant increase in the occurrence of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MNPCE) was observed in ICR male mice orally administered with chrysin at the dose of 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 g/kg body weight. Taken together these results, chrysin has no mutagenic potential in our experiment.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
• /
• 제26권4호
• /
• pp.633-645
• /
• 2015

This study investigates the genotoxicity of crude antifungal compounds produced by Lactobacillus plantarum AF1 (L.plantarum AF1) and Lactobacillus plantarum HD1 (L. plantarum HD1) isolated from kimchi. The genetic toxicity of crude antifungal compounds was evaluated in bacterial reverse mutation in Salmonella and Escherichia spp., chromosome aberrations in Chinese hamster lung cells, and micronucleous formations in mice. In bacterial reversion assays with Salmonella Typhimurium TA98, TA100, TA1535, TA1537, and WP2uvrA, crude antifungal compounds did not increase the number of revertant colonies in both the absence and presence of the 59 metabolic activation system. In the chromosome aberration test with Chinese hamster lung cells, crude antifungal compounds showed no increase in the frequency of chromosome aberrations in the short-period test with/without the S9 mix or in the continuos test. In the in vivo mouse micronucleus assay, crude antifungal compounds showed no increase in the frequency of polychromatic erythrocytes with micronuclei. The results show that crude antifungal compounds produced by L. plantarum AF1 and L. plantarum HD1 did not induce any genotoxicity.