• Title/Summary/Keyword: return type

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LPi Engine Combustion and Emission Characteristics Depending on LPG Properties from Various Fuel Supply Types by Using DC Motor Type Fuel Pump (DC모터형 연료펌프를 이용한 연료공급방식별 LPG성상에 따른 LPi엔진 연소 및 배출가스 특성)

  • Kim, Ju-Won;Hwang, In-Goo;Myung, Cha-Lee;Park, Sim-Soo
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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    • v.32 no.12
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    • pp.907-914
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    • 2008
  • This study is mainly focused on the assessment of return, semi return, and returnless fuel supply system for an LPi engine. In order to compare the return type with returnless one with various LPG blends, combustion analysis and cyclic THC emission characteristic were tested at the part load operating condition of the LPi engine. Considering heat balance of each fuel supply systems, pressure and temperature increment of return type showed lower at the fuel rail during idle warm up operation. However, those of returnless type at LPG tank maintained stable and slow increment because the heat transfer from the LPi engine was minimized. Finally, hot restartability of each fuel supply systems were evaluated with the various LPG blends and fuel temperatures. As a result, semi return type has equivalent performance to return type considering combustion and emission characteristic, hot restartability performance for LPi engine.

A Study on the Consumer's Return Behavior Type in Internet Clothing Purchase (의류제품 구매에서의 반품행동유형 연구 - 인터넷 쇼핑몰 구매를 중심으로 -)

  • Ji, Hye-Kyung
    • Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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    • v.11 no.1
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    • pp.41-47
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    • 2009
  • The purpose of this study was to investigate the main factors of return and consumers' return behavior types and also to find out the characteristics of consumer's purchasing behavior according to consumer's return behavior type. The Questionnaires was administered 315 males and females, who had experience of clothing purchase and return in internet shopping mall. The results were as follows. First, the factors of return were classified into quality of product, delivery, service, consumer's change of mind, and impulse buying. Second, 4 types of consumer's return behavior were categorized into habitual, dissatisfaction in product quality, dissatisfaction in delivery, and impulse buying. Third, Consumer's return behavior types were not significantly related to the frequency of purchase, information search. However there were significant differences in satisfaction of return process, dissatisfaction after return, and negative word of mouth according to the consumer's return behavior types.

An Analysis of the Senior Employment Programs for Wellness in Changwon City based on Blended Return On Investment

  • Jang, Yumi;Jin, Jaemoon
    • International Journal of Contents
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    • v.18 no.3
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    • pp.66-73
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    • 2022
  • The purpose of this study is to evaluate the economic and social impact of the SEP in which the elderly participate by using the blended return on investment (BROI), economic return on investment (EROI), and social return on investment (SROI) research methods. And the sustainable conditions of SEP were confirmed. This study was conducted with one market-type SEP approved by the Korea Elderly Labor Force Development Institute (KLFDI), one preliminary social enterprise approved by Changwon City Hall, and one market-type SEP operated by a social welfare center for the elderly. As a result of the study, it was found that EROI, SROI, and BROI were the highest in the SEP of preliminary social enterprises operated by subsidies in Changwon.However, the difference between EROI and SROI was greatest in the market-type SEP operated by the elderly social welfare center. There was a big difference between economic and social impacts. The social influence of the elderly was evaluated to be higher than the income of the elderly.

The Impacts of Perceived Service Quality and Restaurant Type on Customer Satisfaction and Return Patronage Intentions: An Exploratory Investigation with a Focus on Solo Diners

  • Bae, Sohyun;Kim, Dong-Jin
    • Culinary science and hospitality research
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    • v.23 no.1
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    • pp.84-94
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    • 2017
  • The purpose of this study is to empirically test a proposed relationship among perceived restaurant quality, type of restaurant, satisfaction, and return patronage intentions with a focus on solo diners. More specifically, the objectives of this study are to assess the effects of three perceived qualities (i.e., food, service, and physical environment) and types of restaurants on solo diner (1) satisfaction and (2) return patronage intentions. The findings show that the greatest weight was put on food quality in increasing both solo diner satisfaction and return patronage intentions. Service quality was the second important contributor in satisfying solo diners, followed by physical environment quality. In addition, the findings indicated that solo diner satisfaction was affected by different types of restaurants.

Present Status and Policy Implication of People Return to Farm and Rural Areas (귀농.귀촌의 현황과 정책과제)

  • Kang, Dae-Koo
    • Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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    • v.17 no.4
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    • pp.743-771
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    • 2010
  • This research was for reviewing the people return to farm and rural area, and recommend to some policy implication for supporting it. For the study, literature review was doing and seeking about return farmer meaning and motive, return type, moving problems, adaptation problems, satisfactions degree and farm life and rural life continuance will, and return farmers' characteristics. Based on the study, twelve policy recommendations offered.

Comparison of Return current by the Earth type in the Electrical railway system (전기철도시스템의 접지 유형에 따른 귀선 전류 비교)

  • Lee, Gil-Lo;Kim, Yong-Kyu;Baek, Jong-Hyun;Ryu, Chang-Keun
    • Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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    • 2005.10b
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    • pp.53-55
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    • 2005
  • In electrical railway system, power supplied to electrical locomotive by catenary is returned to sub-station on track. The current returned to sub-station on track is return current, which is an essential factor for the safety of the wayside electrical equipment and maintenance staff. Therefore, earth system acts an important role to protect wayside electrical equipment and maintenance staff against return current. In general, individual earth system protects partially the electrical railway system, but common earth system does the whole electrical railway system and minimizes the flow of return current. In this paper, we are compared the effect of return current according to earth type by actual measurement in existing electrical railway system. The measurement was conducted at Shinchungju sub~station in high speed trains, and Guro sub-station, which is electrified section in classical line.

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Analysis of Trainee's Characteristics & Satisfaction on Education for Return to the Farm and Rural in Jeju (제주지역 귀농.귀촌 교육 참여자 특성 및 교육 만족도 분석)

  • Ko, Sang-Hwan;Kim, Dong-Hyun
    • Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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    • v.18 no.4
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    • pp.983-1010
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    • 2011
  • The purpose of this study was to examine the implication for the return farm and rural training program through the analyzed trainees' satisfaction and general characteristics. This study polled 89 trainees who presented the Return farm and rural training program by Jeju Agricultural Research and Extension Service. and the results of analysis are as follows. First, trainees' general characteristics appeared very various at an age structure, stage and type of return farm and rural. Second, the overall satisfaction level for the training program was normal but it was different according to the trainees' general characteristics, stage and type of Return farm and rural. This result was due to the unilateral training program. Consequently, it required a lot of efforts for the improvement of satisfaction through reflecting the trainees' properties in the training plan.

Total Correction of Mixed Type Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return 1 Case (혼합형 총폐정맥환류이상 수술치험 1례)

  • 편승환;서정욱
    • Journal of Chest Surgery
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    • v.29 no.2
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    • pp.213-218
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    • 1996
  • Total anomalous pulmonary venous return (TAPVR) is very rare congenital heart disease. 25-year old male was admitted our hospital with dyspnea, headache and syncope as chief complaint. He was confirmed as mixed type TAPVR by echocardiography and cardiac catheterization. In this case, mixed type TAPVR was consisted with supracardiac type connection of left pulmonary vein and cardiac type of right pulmonary vein. Supracardiac type of left pulmonary common channel was anastomosed to the left auricular appendage during total cardiopulmonary bypass with fibrillating heart. Cardiac type of right pulmonary vein was operated during moderate hypothermia and aortic cross clamping. Coronary sinus septum was incised into ASD and closed with Gore-Tex patch so that right pulmonary blood flow directed to the left atrium. The patient's post-operative course was uneventful.

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Effect of semi-return fuel supply system on the startability and HC/NOx emissions during cold transient starting phase in an LPi engine (LPG성상에 따른 세미리턴방식 LPi엔진의 시동성 및 싸이클 별 HC/NOx 배출 특성)

  • Kim, Ju-Won;Choi, Kwan-Hee;Myung, Cha-Lee;Park, Sim-Soo
    • Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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    • 2008.11b
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    • pp.2910-2915
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    • 2008
  • This paper was investigated the behaviors of the engine and combustion phenomena for various LPG compositions in the semi-return type system, which is not recircurated to LPG tank through furl rail, applied LPi engine during a cold idle condition and including a cold start of the engine. Cyclic HC and NOx emissions were measured at exhaust port to examine their formation mechanical and reduction mechanical with fast response gas analyzers. Various ignition timing is experimented to study the characteristics of combustion phenomena, HC/NOx emissions during fast idle. Also, this study was investigated start delay time, cylinder pressure, HC/NOx emissions, Mass Fraction Burned, starting time to evaluate performance of transient cold startability. Compared to the return type system, the semi-return type system have advantages in point of production cost and equivalent performance of engine starting time and pressure settling time.

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Do good return policies work across cultures? Effect of lenient return policies on online shopper perceptions in Eastern culture

  • Yang, SuJin;Choi, Yun Jung
    • Asia Marketing Journal
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    • v.15 no.2
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    • pp.75-97
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    • 2013
  • While good return policies are suggested as one of the critical services for e-commerce, ambivalence between the burden of the cost and shoppers' satisfaction may prevent e-tailers from increasing their level of leniency. Based on the S-O-R model, this study has attempted to develop a grounded theory to explain how lenient return policies shape online shoppers' perceptions and responses, with a focus on cultural influences in the relationship. In order to check the cultural effects of the lenient return policy, thirty two female and eleven male undergraduate students in South Korean shoppers, who are accustomed to strict return policies, participated in the semi-structured interview. A series of open-ended questions were designed to explore consumers' reactions toward four different levels of the lenient return policy: from the strict type in South Korea to the lenient type in the U.S. Using qualitative research methods, this research has defined three types of dimensions of lenient return policy: return possible period, complexity of progress, and other restrictions. While previous researchers did not pay much attention, the last dimension, other restrictions, is shown to be the most significant in influencing online shoppers' perceptions, especially in South Korea. Also, the impacts on online shoppers' perceptions from the three types of sub-dimensions of return policy were somewhat different. Whereas a longer return possible period was considered more favorable, a medium level of complexity and restrictions were considered more desirable. In summary, this result showed that shoppers in Eastern cultures, i.e. South Korean online shoppers, seem favorable to a medium level of lenient return policies, while allowing for taking precautions against possible fraudulent behaviors and setting other restrictions. Therefore, most of retailers in South Korea recommended that e-tailers who adopt the most lenient return policies raise the bar to guard ethical shoppers from fraudulent users. Next, lenient return policies can enhance ease of use, usefulness, affect, and trust while relieving perceived risk, which is connected to intention to purchase, satisfaction, and loyalty. Interestingly, lenient return policies are more likely to change the behavioral responses of online shoppers, such as return and purchase, rather than change their attitudes or beliefs such as image, satisfaction, and loyalty. This tendency can be seen more clearly in the direct influences of return policy on responses. The reaction to lenient return policy is mostly the intention to return or to purchase. This suggests that return policy serves the e-tailers as a powerful tool in increasing online shoppers' purchase intention at the moment of purchase. Therefore, e-tailers who plan to expand their market to eastern countries, including South Korea, have to build a shield of restrictions around their lenient return policy, rather than immediately applying their original liberalized return policy. Also, e-tailers in South Korea need to review their strict and undifferentiated return policies to deal with the unsatisfied reactions of online shoppers toward their normal return policies. Although the present study was confined to the return policies currently being practiced by popular e-tailers, it would be worthwhile to develop effective return policies separately for each country, especially South Korea, keeping the culture of the relevant country in mind.

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