• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.63-72
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• 2010

This study was conducted to investigate the current status and the improvement plans of the ecosystem conservation fund return projects. In 2007, there was a reformation of the ecosystem conservation fund system but the fund return projects were not vitalized up until now. In this study, 35 of ongoing and finished fund return projects were investigated on their types, sites, costs, local governments, and time required to return the fund. Through the on-site survey of 9 finished projects (4 biotope, 2 corridor and 3 natural conservation facility projects), construction and management conditions were investigated. The main findings are as follows: Among the five fund return types, 17 cases were biotope restoration projects, 4 cases were ecological corridor projects, and 1 case was a nature replacement project. In the case of project sites, there were 14 cases near schools and public facilities, 8 cases near rivers or streams, and 2 cases near ponds or wetlands. For the construction costs, there were 19 cases (65% of all the projects) that cost less than 300 million won. In terms of the involvement of the local government, most of the fund return projects were concentrated in Gyeonggi province and Ulsan city, and there were some local governments outside of these regions that did not carry out any return projects at all. Lastly, in the case of fund return time required, 35% of the fund returns were completed within 5 months, but the overall average fund return time was 9.8 months. In respond to the above study results, the improvement plans to encourage fund return projects are as follows: To diversify return types and sites, piloting and modeling projects for the representative types and sites should be preceded. To emerge from customary small-scaled projects, incentives to encourage large-scale and ecological networking projects should be considered. In addition, in order to write up business plans for the fund return projects, long-term investigations of at least 2 seasons from spring to fall are necessary. Finally, for the continuous management and maintenance of the ecological fund return sites, easier way for the citizens to actively participate in the projects should be incorporated.

• Quality Improvement in Health Care
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• v.6 no.1_2
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• pp.38-46
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• 1999

Background : To evaluate the frequency and cause of return to the emergency department within 48 hours and to identify the nature of the problem. Methods : We reviewed the medical records of 76 patients who returned to the emregency department within 48 hours from September 1998 to February 1999. Results : Overall revisit rate within 48hours was 2.6%. Of 76 patients, 5(6.6%) had planned return, 64(84.2%) had unplanned return and 7(9.2%) had incomplete documentation. The causes of unplanned return were inadequate medical management (11.8%), discharge against medical advice (27.6%), return after scheduled ambulatory care (22.4%), and unavoidable revisit due to symptom aggrevation or development of new symptom (22.4%). Conclusion : The study provided a basic information for us to improve the quality of emergency care by reducing unnecessary return to the emergency department. It is necessary to monitor continuously the quality of emergency care and to develop the standard of emergency return rate.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.160-171
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• 2003

Criteria for the comparison of quality of asset portfolio management are risk and return. In this paper a method to use structural time-series model to determine an optimal portfolio for the improvement of quality of asset portfolio management is suggested. In traditional mean variance analysis expected return is assumed to be time-invariant. However, it is more realistic to assume that expected return is temporally dynamic and structural time-series model can be used to reflect time-varying nature of return. A data set from an insurance company was used to show validity of suggested method.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.16 no.2 s.61
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• pp.3-12
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• 2007

This study examines the nature-introducing methods between Korea Traditional Architecture and Landscape Architecture dividing them into three; semantic methods, constructive methods and visual methods on the basis of architectural features deduced from Borrowed Landscape theory which is a typical nature-introducing theory in the orient. Through the findings of this study, we can explain the nature-introducing methods of Landscape Architecture by way of the method of the Borrowed Landscape which was frequently used by our ancestors for a long time to Introduce nature in the course of building structures, and we can find several similarities between the Architecture of two fields of both different times and areas. It can be said to be meaningful for us to be able to confirm the contemporary value of Traditional nature-introducing method through the Borrowed Landscape theory. However, we can find that there is a difference between Traditional Architecture and Landscape Architecture in looking at nature. If the Landscape Architecture which emerged recently as a result of recognizing the importance of nature, maintains the nature view of regarding nature and architecture as equal, the nature view of Traditional Architecture is essentially different in that it is humble and aims to return to nature. The most outstanding feature of nature-introducing way in Traditional Architecture obviously implies something different from the various architectural trends of 'nature-human', or 'nature-architecture' which appeared breaking the relation of dichotomy. It is the thinking that 'nature and human are continual', and 'human is part of nature'; that is, 'the humbleness to nature'.

• Sijohaknonchong
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• v.30
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• pp.109-146
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• 2009

It is academically recognized that Jeong Wan-Young's sijo better represent Oriental ideas. The purpose of this study is to investigate Taoistic characteristics of Jeong Wan-Young's sijo. This is an effort to succeed and further deepen and extend previous relevant researches. For the purpose, this researcher categorized the poet's sijo in accordance with such characteristics as above mentioned. Findings of the study can be summarized as below. Pieces of Jeong Wan-Young's sijo which are based on Taoistic ideas are largely classified into three groups. First, some pieces of Jeong Wan-Young's sijo represents an orientation of return to hometown which is brought by the sense of loss. His sense of loss is attributed to the facts that his home is not what it was any longer and that he can't return to the old home. To overcome the sense, nevertheless, the poet is dreaming of return to home. The home found in Jeong Wan Young's sijo is something fundamental and original that he purposedly provided against the feeling of loss. It complies with the concept of 'Bokgwigigen(復歸基根)‘ a pursuit of Taoism. Second, other pieces of Jeong Wan-Young's sijo are seeking purity to retrieve childish innocence. Their subjects include the season of spring, dreams of childhood and longing for mother all of which represent the poet's strong desire for such retrieval as above mentioned. It may be said that pursued by that pieces are 'Purity, Feebleness and Smoothness' that are sought by Taoism. Third, other pieces of Jeong Wan-Young's sijo are considering human as a part of nature and seeking human life in harmony with nature. In other words, they are seeking union between human and nature which means going beyond discrimination between self and external objects, that is, 'Mulayangmang(物我兩忘)'. This may refer to return to nature which is the ultimate destination of Taoism.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.29-37
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• 2010

The objective of correction is to let criminals receive education, be reformed and get vocational training during prison term by being separated from society and live as sound citizens after being released from prison. The facilities that execute such mission are referred to as corrective institution, and in Korea, some 47,000 persons are accommodated at 50 locations. Corrective facilities are facilities existing to separate and accommodate criminals safely, and return them to society after eliminating criminal nature from the convicts during the accommodation period. But corrective facilities in Korea representing the characteristics of corrective facilities vividly focusing on security. Therefore, while present pursuit of corrective facilities is to seek for reformation of criminals rather than separation of them from society, existing prison buildings are not appropriate facilitated at the moment. This study has the purpose to planning of indoor environment of corrective facility ward building as healing environment. Specifically, this study is contributing to propose a model of criminals healing environment equivalent to hospital facility to raise the effect of healing the criminal nature of criminals and cut the period of restoring them by applying healing environment elements and return the criminals to the society as successfully reformed social member.

• Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.43-52
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• 1989

The present paper analyzes performance of a variant of rate-of-return regulation called the ex-post adjustment regulation put in effect in the Korean petroleum refinery sector. Unlike the traditional rate-of-return regulation on a monopoly, the regulation is first for the oligopolistic industry as a whole and second of the ex post nature. Under the regulation, at the end of each year, each firm is responsible to pay a certain portion of the excess of the total realized profits in the industry over the allowed profits. It is shown that if the excess profits are completely collected(including the interests), the social optimum can be realized. When only a portion of the excess profits can be collected, the regulation generally increases consumer surplus by making the firms more competitive. Each individual firm's production under the regulation depends on whether the firm's output is regarded as a strategic substitute or complement of other firms'output.

• SUVANNABHUMI
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.89-108
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• 2022

Using Peter Barry's conception of "outdoor environment" in discoursing nature and culture, this article analyzes images of the countryside in the short stories "Dưới bóng hoàng lan" ("In the Ylang-Ylang Shade") by Thạch Lam (Thach Lam) and "Антоновские яблоки" ("Antonov Apples") by Иван Бунин (Ivan Bunin). The two share portray the Eastern Lands, as may be seen in Vietnamese northern countryside and the East Slavic, Byzantine. The paper focuses on three aspects of the countryside-cultural values; traces of urban life and; the aspirations of people. The article aims to emphasize people's desire to return to a type of nature that bears traces and harmonizes with human cultures.

• STI Policy Review
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• v.1 no.4
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• pp.21-28
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• 2010

This study analyzes the establishment of venture companies and the interaction of venture ecosystem components (the core factors of venture ecosystems) with a focus on venture companies, venture capital, and the return market. Government support policies are understood as a catalyst for the venture ecosystem and this study will analyze the implications of government involvement by identifying the role of government policies in the venture ecosystem. According to the results of the empirical analysis with data on confirmed venture businesses by the Small and Medium Business Administration (SMBA), policies that provide direct support to venture companies did not have a significant influence on the establishment of new ventures. However, new investments by venture capital show a statistically significant positive effect and signify that the new investment is an important factor in vitalizing the establishment of new venture businesses and that the economic conditions of the return market have a positive effect. The establishment of venture businesses responds to the changes in real and vertical markets with greater resilience compared to government policies. Given the unique nature of the Korean venture ecosystem that responds to the market with greater resilience than government policies, there must be increased efforts to recover the confidence of the capital markets for venture capital in order to promote improved efficiency.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.190-217
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• 2012

This research has studied the building awareness of Nu-Jeong that a view of nature and aesthetic consciousness to unite the nature are inherent by considering Nu-Jeong of scholars who left fame and wealth behind and retired to hermitage in the backwoods in the 16~18 Century. This is to clarify correlation with leaving nature as it is, namely, an ideal state that scholars at the time would enjoy, through landscape awareness accepted into Nu-Jeong literature. In addition, this research has tracked the ideologic flow that acts on space formation by clarifying Korean unique meanings inherent to Nu-Jeong's cultural landscape. As a suggestion for this, the interpretation through 'Pungsu location Nu-Jeong name's analysis Nu-Jeong literature analysis', etc. was tried, so its integrated conclusion is as follows. It is not a chance that scholars of Joseon have left numerous literature works singing the nature. They already had huge interest and knowledge on the nature, and achieved active poetic exchange by sublimating the praise of nature as literature. Nu-Jeong, which was a place of exchange like this, had cleanliness of the nature and ideological purity as an oppositional space on turbid political realities. The Nu-Jeong literature drew the nature into a literature space as it is, without doing abstraction or ideation on the nature. The owner of Nu-Jeong exclusively possessed such natural landscape in grim and independent postures, so it provided a clue of Nu-Jeong cultural landscape that this research aimed to discuss. Scholars who aimed to raise wide and large vigor filled in between the sky and earth got to convince that people are born from the nature, grow in the nature and finally return to the nature. What people are born from the nature and finally return to the nature is just consistent with Taoistic and Zhua-ngzi thoughts denying human work, and leaving nature as it is or nature itself remained intact which is an ideal state. The construction at the time is a vessel containing the spirit of the times of the era. This thesis has proved that the Nu-Jeong culture of scholars located on the central line of Korean landscape was the flower of Joseon's scholar culture by interpreting it semantically.