• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.209-220
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• 2019

Objectives: As a general emotion, everyone can temporarily experience depression, but depressive disorder is a disease that excessively affects daily life. Among the various causes of depression, the deficiency of monoamine-based neurotransmitters such as serotonin and epinephrine are considered significant. Thus, antidepressants that target monoamines are used frequently. However, side effects such as nausea, vomiting, insomnia, anxiety, and sexual dysfunction are observed. Thus, it is necessary to develop a new therapeutic agent with fewer side effects. In this study, we investigated the antidepressant effect of JG02, used to treat depression by normalizing the flow of qi (氣) in Korean medicine. Methods: C57BL/6 mice were selected and randomly divided into six groups: normal, control, amitriptyline, and JG02 (50, 125, 250 mg/kg), respectively. Except for normal, depression was induced by applying restraint stress at the same time for six hours daily for 14 consecutive days. Saline, amitriptyline or JG02 samples were orally administered two hours before applying the stress. After that, a forced swimming test and an open field test were performed. Additionally, serum corticosterone, serotonin mRNA, BDNF mRNA, and protein in the hippocampal region were measured and compared. Results: JG02 decreased immobility time rate in the FST and increased the zone transition number and travel distance in the OFT. Also, JG02 inhibited the release of serum corticosterone, and increased serotonin, BDNF gene expression, and BDNF protein in the hippocampus. Conclusions: In this study, JG02 showed significant antidepressant effects on the chronic restraint stress mice model. When further research is performed based on JG02, the development of a new antidepressant is considered highly possible.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제52권1호
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• pp.75-87
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• 2014

To analyze the tension performance of laminated rubber bearings under tensile loading, a theoretical tension model for analyzing the rubber bearings is proposed based on the theory of elasticity. Applying the boundary restraint condition and the assumption of incompressibility of the rubber (Poisson's ratio of the rubber material is about 0.5 according the existing research results), the stress and deformation expressions for the tensile rubber layer are derived. Based on the derived expressions, the stress distribution and deformation pattern especially for the deformation shapers of the free edges of the rubber layer are analyzed and validated with the numerical results, and the theory of cracking energy is applied to analyze the distributions of prediction cracking energy density and gradient direction. The prediction of crack initiation and crack propagation direction of the rubber layers is investigated. The analysis results show that the stress and deformation expressions can be used to simulate the stress distribution and deformation pattern of the rubber layer for laminated rubber bearings in the elastic range, and the crack energy method of predicting failure mechanism are feasible according to the experimental phenomenon.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.73-90
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• 2005

Objectives: Smokers who had failed to quit smoking were frequently reported that life stress mostly interrupted their abstention. Stress vulnerability model for smoking cessation has been considered, and most of contemporary smoking cessation programs help smokers develop coping strategies for stressful situations. This study aims to investigate the appropriate coping styles for stress of abstention from smoking. The result of investigating the relationship between abstention following smoking cessation program and coping styles would suggest useful information for those who want to stop smoking and health practitioners who help them. Methods: Participants were 69 smokers (62 males, 7 females) participated in a hospitalized smoking cessation program, whose mean age was 44.89 (SD=9.61). Participants took medical test and completed questionnaires and psychological tests including: Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence and Multidimensional Coping Scale. To identify participants' abstention, researchers followed them for 2 years. To identify whether abstained or not and encourage them to abstain, researchers called them on the telephone once a week for 3 months. After 3 months, they were contacted every other week till 6 months passed since they left smoking cessation program. And they were contacted once a month for other 18months. Researchers also contacted their family to identify their abstention. Data Mining Decision Tree was performed with 37 variables (13 variables for the coping styles and 24 smoking-related variables) by Answer Tree 3.0v Results: Forty four (63.8%) out of sixty nine for 2 weeks, 34 (49.3%) for 6 months, 25 (36.2%) abstained for 1 year, and 22 (31.9%) abstained for 2 years. Participants of this study abstained average of 286.77 days from smoking. Included variables of a Decision Tree model for this study were positive interpretation, emotional expression, self-criticism, restraint and emotional social support seeking. Decision Tree model showed that those (n=9) who did not interpret positively (<=7.5) and criticized themselves (>6.5) abstained 23 days only, while those (n=9) who interpreted positively (>7.5), expressed their emotion freely (>6.5), and sought social support actively (>11.5) abstained 730 days, till last day of the investigation. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that certain coping styles such as positive interpretation, emotional expression, self-criticism, restraint and emotional social support seeking were important factors for long-term abstention from smoking. These findings reiterate the role of stress for abstention from smoking and suggest a model of coping styles for successful abstention from smoking. Despite of limitation of this study, it might help smokers who want to stop smoking and health practitioners who help them.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.399-414
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• 2022

본 연구는 간호사 493명을 대상으로 내현적 자기애, 외모에 대한 사회문화적 태도가 직무스트레스, 사회부과적 완벽주의, 섭식절제를 통해 이상섭식행위에 미치는 영향에 대한 구조모형을 검정하고자 시도되었다. 연구결과 첫째, 이상섭식행위에 영향을 미치는 변수들의 직접효과는 섭식절제가 가장 큰 요인이었고, 그 다음 사회부과적 완벽주의 순이었으며 이들 변인은 이상섭식행위를 85% 설명하였다. 둘째, 내현적 자기애는 사회부과적 완벽주의와 섭식절제를 통해 이상섭식행위에 유의한 영향을 미쳤고, 외모에 대한 사회문화적 태도는 섭석절제를 통해 이상섭식행위에 유의한 영향을 미쳤다. 병원 간호사와 보건소 간호사 집단을 조절변수로 하는 다중집단 조절효과에서 직무스트레스와 이상섭식행위와 의 경로계수, 사회부과적 완벽주의와 이상섭식행위와이 경로계수가 집단간 차이가 있어 부분조절효과가 있었다. 따라서 이상섭식행위를 감소시키기 위해서는 과도한 섭식절제에서 벗어날 수 있는 간호중재와 사회부과적 완벽주의를 낮출 수 있는 방안모색이 필요하다.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2003년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.604-607
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• 2003

Recently, hybrid concrete structures such as a concrete-filled steel tubular(CFT), a steel reinforced concrete(SRC) and a composite material are popular in structure applications. They also have merit of high strength, high ductility, and large energy absorption capacity. But the analysis of hybrid concrete structures is very difficult owing to the complex behavior of concrete under passive confinement. This paper has analyzed CFT, which receives passive confinement using Tri-Surface concrete model for three dimension finite element analysis. By the result of that, the proposed model was properly forecasted a concrete behavior that receives passive restraint as well as non-linear analysis of concrete which receive uniaxial stress and high active confinement of 400Mpa. If the model through the steady study is set up especially on the factor of concrete under passive confinement, the proposed concrete model will be surely useful for analysis of the hybrid concrete structures.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.755-761
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• 2014

콘크리트의 크리프와 건조수축 변형에 대한 내적 혹은 외적 구속은 크리프 발생 응력조건을 변화시키며 이에 따라 크리프 변형의 발생은 응력변화에 종속적으로 변화한다. 시간이력 하중을 받는 크리프 거동문제로서 이해되는 이러한 크리프 거동현상의 수학적 모델링은 일반적으로 재하시의 콘크리트 재령과 물성값 및 하중이력을 기본 구성인자로 고려하여 시간적분 혹은 점증적 형태로 유도되었다. 본 논문에서는 시간이력하중을 받는 크리프 모델 가운데 단일 크리프 곡선을 사용하는 초기 크리프 모델인 평행 크리프 법의 단순성을 고려하여 이 방법이 갖는 단점과 한계성을 극복하고 성능을 개선한 평행 크리프 법을 유도하였다. 유도된 크리프 모델의 성질을 분석하고 예측 성능을 검증하기 위한 목적으로 원통형 콘크리트 공시체를 제작하고 시간이력 하중 하의 크리프 실험을 수행하였다. 끝으로, 콘크리트 공시체의 크리프 변형으로 인한 초기하중의 변화가 공시체의 재령에 따른 거동에 미치는 영향정도를 실험을 통해 분석하였으며, 크리프 시험기의 스프링계수를 측정하여 이로 인한 실험오차를 보정하였다.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.39-51
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• 2022

The axial compression behavior of nine self-compacting concrete columns confined with CFRP-PVC spirals was studied. Three parameters of spiral reinforcement spacing, spiral reinforcement diameter and height diameter ratio were studied. The test results show that the CFRP strip and PVC tube are destroyed first, and the spiral reinforcement and longitudinal reinforcement yield. The results show that with the increase of spiral reinforcement spacing, the peak bearing capacity decreases, but the ductility increases; with the increase of spiral reinforcement diameter, the peak bearing capacity increases, but has little effect on ductility, and the specimen with the ratio of height to diameter of 7.5 has the best mechanical properties. According to the reasonable constitutive relation of material, the finite element model of axial compression is established. Based on the verified finite element model, the stress mechanism is revealed. Finally, the composite constraint model and bearing capacity calculation method are proposed.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.331-340
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• 2002

본 연구에서는 해사를 사용한 초기재령 콘크리트의 자기 및 건조 수축의 구속에 의한 균열발생을 재현하기 위해 유한요소 해석을 실시하였다. 이를 위해 미시역학적 관점에서 열역학적 평형관계를 토대로 해사를 사용한 초기재령 콘크리트의 수화발열 모델, 수분이동 모델 및 건조수축 예측 모델 등의 재료 모델을 정립하여 해석알고리즘을 제안하였고 초기재령에서 해사를 사용 한 콘크리트의 자기 및 건조수축의 구속에 의해서 발생하는 구속응력의 경시변화와 그에 따른 균열발생 및 시기에 관한 균열평가를 목적으로 염분 함유량을 변화시킨 콘크리트의 시편에 대하여 일축 방향 변형구속 실험을 실시하였다. 실험결과 초기재령 콘크리트내 염분 함유량의 증가가 강도발현에 큰 영향을 미치지 못하는 반면 건조수축량을 증가시키므로 일축 방향 변형 구속시 동일 재령에서 높은 구속인장력이 발생하고 그로 인해 균열발생시기를 앞당기는 것을 밝혔다. 또한 구속시험과 동일한 조건으로 해사를 사용한 콘크리트 시편에 대한 응력해석을 실시하여 부재내부에 도입된 건조수축 응력 및 균열 발생의 시간 의존적 변화를 재현하여 그 타당성을 실험결과와 비교를 통해 검증하였다.

• 한국터널지하공간학회 논문집
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.303-312
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• 2008

암석의 물성평가 및 파괴모델 실험을 위하여 다축압축 실험이 자주 사용된다. 다축압축 실험을 통한 암반의 거동 평가시 정확한 결과의 산출을 위하여 실험체와 가압판 경계면에서의 경계조건에 대한주의를 기울일 필요가 있다. 일반적으로 철제로 된 일체형 가압판의 사용시 실험체의 경계면과 하중재하판사이에서 발생하는 마찰저항으로 인하여 실험체 경계부에서부터 응력회전 현상이 발생하여 경계면에서부터 작용하는 외력의 방향은 회전하게 된다. 이와 같은 실험체/하중재하판 경계면 사이에서 발생하는 마찰저항을 감소시키기 위하여 다양한 방법이 제시되었다. 그 중 대표적인 예가 빗살구조의 하중재하판이다. 본 논문에서는 빗살구조의 하중재하판의 단점을 극복하고 하중재하판의 공간이 상대적으로 덜 차지하는 롤러로 지지된 피스톤 형태의 하중재하판을 소개하고 있다. 롤러로 지지된 피스톤 형태의 하중재하판은 지지강성이 충분한 짧은 피스톤 후면에 샤프트 형태의 롤러를 설치하여 실험체의 변형과 동시에 각 피스톤이 동반하여 거동하도록 구성되었다. 본 논문에서는 롤러 지지된 피스톤의 구조 상세 및 요구되는 기능에 대한 검증을 위하여 측면부 마찰저항 실험과 이축압축 실험이 수행되었으며 실험결과와 수치해석 결과의 비교를 통하여 장비의 적용성에 대한 검증이 이루어 졌다.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.126-136
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• 1998

This study was designed to determine the effects of linoleic acid contents and $\omega$ 6/$\omega$3 ratios on the induction of gastric ulcer by water immersion and restraint stress. Sprague-Dawley rats were fed 5diets containing 7% fat(w/w) for 6weeks. These diet groups were Lh, Mh, Hh, Mm, Ml, : 3 different linoleic acid levels(0.3% of energy(L). 3.5(M), 10(H) and 3 different $\omega$6/$\omega$3 ratios (11(1), 33(m), 100(h) with beef tallow, sunflower or fish oil. The Lh group showed a significantly higher ulcer index (UI) than the Mh and Hh groups(p<0.05). At the same linoleic levels, the UI had no significant difference within the $\omega$6/$\omega$3 ratios. The Mh group showed significantly higher (p<0.05) PGE2 and TBX2 content than any other group. Pearson's correlation coeffcients between UI and PGE2 and TBX2 had a negatively significant correlation(p<0.05). Linoleic acid of gastric mucosal phospholipids was reflected by the diet, but was not significantly different. The most significant finding of this study is that not only the absolute amount of linoleic acid, but also the $\omega$6/$\omega$3 ratios are important factors for the prevention of gastric ulcer.