• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.302-306
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• 2016

There are various methods to evaluate tree vigor. Cambial electrical resistance represents tree vigor using the method of electrophysiological diagnosis. This study investigated the vigor of several tree species using Shigometer, and compared the differences among the species. The factors, such as foliation, trunk orientation and bark temperature, which affect electrical resistance were also investigated. The needle penetration into cambium was controlled to keep the depth consistent in order to minimize measurement error. Each of three trees were selected from Zelkova serrata, Ginkgo biloba, Metasequoia glyptostroboides, Pinus koraiensis, and Liriodendron tulipifera. The electrical resistances were measured at 60 and 120 cm height of the stem in 4 directions from March until May 2011. The soil conditions in surrounding areas and tree stress responses were also measured. The results were analyzed for the relationship between electrical resistance and the affecting factors. The electrical resistance showed a relatively higher level before foliation until mid-March. The values started to decline from April and recorded a minimal level on May 11. The changes of soil moisture, soil electric conductivity, and tree stress responses during the measurement period showed a similar trend to that of electrical resistance. The Pinus koraiensis, an evergreen conifer, showed few changes on the electrical resistance values during the measurement period. Zelkova serrata, Ginkgo biloba, and Metasequoia glyptostroboides showed the highest bark temperatures and lowest electrical resistances at their south-facing stem. Shigometer can provide measures simple to assess tree vigor in the fields, and to the management of trees.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.684-693
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• 2021

Purpose: The purpose is to establish a safe facility environment from abnormal voltages such as lightning by developing a smart land resistance measuring device that can acquire real-time land resistance data using Arduino. Method: This paper studied design models and application cases by developing a land resistance acquisition and analysis system with Arduino and a power line communication (PLC) system. Some sites in the wind power generation complex in Gyeongsangnam-do were selected as test beds, and real-time land resistance data applied with new technologies were obtained. The electrode arrangement adopted a smart electrode arrangement using a combination of a Wenner four electrode arrangement and a Schlumberger electrode arrangement. Result: First, the characteristic of this technology is that the depth of smart multi-electrodes is organized differently to reduce the error range of the acquired data even in the stratigraphic structure with specificity between floors. Second, IT convergence technology was applied to enable real-time transmission and reception of information on land resistance data acquired from smart ground electrodes through the Internet of Things. Finally, it is possible to establish a regular management system and analyze big data accumulated in the server to check the trend of changes in various elements, and to model the optimal ground algorithm and ground system design for the IT convergence environment. Conclusion: This technology will reduce surge damage caused by lightning on urban infrastructure underlying the 4th industrial era and design an optimized ground system model to protect the safety and life of users. It is also expected to secure intellectual property rights of pure domestic technology to create jobs and revitalize our industry, which has been stagnant as a pandemic in the post-COVID-19 era.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.520-527
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• 2021

In this study, toxin gene and antibiotic resistance of food poisoning strains isolated from indoor air in the cafeteria were analyzed to prevent food poisoning. Staphylococcus aureus (16 strains) and Bacillus cereus (37 strains) isolated from indoor air in child care center were tested. The toxin genes of S. aureus and B. cereus were detected by PCR assay. The antimicrobial susceptibility test followed the disc diffusion method described by the Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute. The seg and sei toxin genes were detected in 11 of 16 S. aureus strains (68.6%). The nheA and nheB toxin genes were detected in 37 B. cereus strains. In this study, a total of 12 toxin gene patterns of B. cereus were found, among which the nheA-nheB-nheC toxin gene was found to be the most frequent pattern. The result of the antimicrobial susceptibility test of S. aureus revealed 93.8% and 87.5% resistance to ampicillin and penicillin antibiotics, but methicillin resistance S. aureus and vancomycin resistance S. aureus were not detected. All 37 B. cereus tested in this study were resistant to ampicillin and penicillin antibiotics. Based on the result of this study, it was judged that regular ventilation and air quality management were necessary to prevent food poisoning caused by S. aureus and B. cereus contaminated in the indoor air of child care centers.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.1-20
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• 2012

This study aims to define the influences of an individual's talent types and body consciousness factors on high((intense)-level appearance management behavior in 367 adults(female 172 and male 195). The present study is the first to consider both human talent type and the body consciousness on the high level-appearance management behavior correlates to appearance management behaviour. According to the result of the analysis, plastic surgery on body forms or faces are done by few people. However, straightening teeth, ear piercing, removal of spots or imperfections, and eyebrow tattoos are conducted by many consumers without much resistance. It is rather widely accepted, despite the fact that it can cause pain, discomfort, and side-effects. Furthermore, although excessive acts such as muscle training, dieting, weight managing, and oriental treatments can lead to side-effects, the standardized efficient beta value turned out to be high for these treatments. Thus, this study suggests that both the interpersonal talent among 8 talent factors and 2 body consciousness factors contributes to the reinforcement of the self-identity through high level-appearance management behaviors, but except risky plastic surgery. Therefore, this study supports the previous researches that body consciousness composed of self-source, which is desires and efforts to achieve the ideal body, and external-source, which is the internalization of other people's feedbacks.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.83-92
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• 2021

The construction of smart factories for government SMEs is not easy due to the lack of professional manpower. The use of retired professionals is a way to solve the problem to some extent and to solve the job problem of seniors by effectively utilizing social assets. This study examines the effectiveness of using Meister based on a survey of 195 companies participating in the Smart Meister Support Program. As a result, the better pre-participation readiness and the better management and coordination of change during the participation, the more significant influence was on Meister's ability development and corporate performance. In particular, it was confirmed that Meister's competence plays a role in both 'pre-participation readiness and business performance' and 'between change management during participation and business performance'. In order to improve the performance of the smart meister business in the future, it is necessary to proactively promote the purpose and purpose of the business targeting companies that wish to participate in the business. In addition, it was found that it is necessary to support the development of change management in order to minimize the resistance to innovation during the project. It will be possible to enhance social competitiveness by resolving senior jobs and strengthening the competitiveness of SMEs by discovering and utilizing Meister, who is an expert among retirees.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2007.05b
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• pp.2432-2437
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• 2007

The demand of high speed and miniaturization of electronic devices results in increased power dissipation requirement for thermal management. In this work, the effects of microchannel width, height and liquid flowrate on the cooling performances of microchannel waterblock are investigated experimentally. The microchannel waterblock considered ranged in width from 0.5 to 0.9 mm, with the channel height being nominally 1.7 to 9 times the width in each case. The experiments were conducted using water, over a liquid flow rate ranging from 0.2 to 2.0 lpm. The base temperature, thermal resistance and pressure drop increase with increasing of liquid flow rate. The measured thermal resistances ranged from 0.10 to 0.23 $^{\circ}C$/W for the channel 5.

• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.392-397
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• 2015

This study was carried out to analyze the effects on mechanical properties of deteriorated wood member by outdoor condition. The surface color, mechanical properties and structural stability of traditional wooden structures, exposed in water and UV, could be changeable. For the purpose, accelerated weathering test based on outdoor condition was carried out. The weathering time levels were composed 0, 500, 1000, 1,500 and 2,000 hours and mechanical properties were evaluated on each specimen according to weathering time level. Bending properties were decreased on weathering but recovered after 1,000 hours. Fatigue and impact strength were decreased to 1,000 hours and did not changed since then. Abrasion resistance was minimized in 1,000 hours. This results could be utilized for effectively stability management of traditional wooden structures and members.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.62-67
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• 2012

TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is a promising agent for management of cancer because of its selective cytotoxicity to cancer cells. However, some cancer cells have resistance to TRAIL. Accordingly, novel treatment strategies are required to overcome TRAIL resistance. Here, we examined the synergistic apoptotic effect of apigenin in combination with TRAIL in Huh-7 cells. We found that combined treatment of TRAIL and apigenin markedly inhibited Huh-7 cell growth compared to either agent alone by inducing apoptosis. Combined treatment with apigenin and TRAIL induced chromatin condensation and the cleavage of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). In addition, enhanced apoptosis by TRAIL/apigenin combination was quantified by annexin V/PI flow cytometry analysis. Western blot analysis suggested that apigenin sensitizes cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis by activating both intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathway-related caspases. The augmented apoptotic effect by TRAIL/apigenin combination was accompanied by triggering mitochondria-dependent signaling pathway, as indicated by Bax/Bcl-2 ratio up-regulation. Our results demonstrate that combination of TRAIL and apigenin facilitates apoptosis in Huh-7 cells.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2016.05a
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• pp.149-150
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• 2016

The membrane structure is being applied in structures for various uses for its many advantages as permeableness, lightweightness, constructability, resource saving, and management cost reduction, and the usage is being expanded. However, despite the development of membrane structure, the standard for architectural membrane performance that considered fire safety is still inadequate. Therefore, this study applied basalt fiber with flame resistance on architectural membrane. Also, this study confirmed the membrane applicability of basalt fiber through comparison with existing architectural membrane.

• Proceedings of the Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute Conference
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• 2006.09b
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• pp.767-768
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• 2006

In this study, copper vapor chambers with built-in cooling fins, which eliminated the soldered or brazed joints in the conventional vapor chamber, were fabricated using the metal injection molding process. The results show that with optimized molding parameters, fins with an aspect ratio up to 18 could be produced. After sintering, the densities of the fin and chamber reached 96%. With only 32 cooling fins and a small fan installed, the thermal resistance of the heat sink was $1.156^{\circ}C/W$, and the power dissipation was 40W when the junction temperature was $70^{\circ}C$. When copper powder was sintered onto the chamber to make a vapor chamber, the thermal resistance decreased to $1.046^{\circ}C/W$.