• 한국육종학회지
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• 제43권6호
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• pp.620-624
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• 2011

'화원4호'는 '일품벼'의 농업적 특성에 모로베레칸의 도열병 저항성 유전자가 이입된 근동질계통을 육성하기 위해 '일품벼'와 모로베레칸을 교배하고, 계속적인 여교배와 MAS를 병행 실시하여 유망한 계통 CR502-3-2 계통을 선발하였다. 생산력검정 시험 결과 조사된 형질 중 도열병저항성을 제외한 기타 형질에서는 '일품벼'와 유사한 근동질계통으로, 품종보 호원 출원 조건에 부합하여 '화원4호'로 명명하고 품종보호원을 출원하였다. 1. 출수기는 보통기재배에서 8월 18일로 '일품벼'와 동일한 중생종 품종이다. 2. 천립중은 23.3 g으로 '일품벼'와 유사한 수준이었다. 3. 흰잎마름병과 줄무늬잎마름병에는 이병성이다. 5. 완전미율은 '일품벼'에 비해 약간 낮았고, 아밀로스 함량은 '일품벼'보다 높았으나 통계적인 차이는 없었다. 6. '화원 4호'의 정조수량은 '05~'06년 2개년간 실시한 생산력검정 시험에서 평균 6.31 MT/ha로 '일품벼' 대비 99% 수준이었다.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 1998년도 추계 학술대회지
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• pp.22-34
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• 1998

Coarse grain crops including maize, sorghum, buckwheat, fox-tail millet, pearl millet, proso millet and barnyard millet have been used as health food, feed and industrial materials in Korea for a long time. Korean ancestors thought and treated them as the very important good crops for human health and the crops have served as a dish made with all the grains, particularly in January 15 of the lunar month in korea because the grains make the five viscera of heart, liver, spleen, lungs and kidneys and the six entrails of gall bladder, stomach, small and large intestines, the paunch, the bladder, and the bowels strong and build healthy body. Thus, the objectives of the paper were to review and summarize the results obtained from the quality breeding and functional researches worldwide on nutrition, utilization and medical action of the coarse grain crops. Maize grain, fresh ear and green fodder yields have increased since 1960s in Korea. Agronomic traits improvements also occurred for cold tolerance, disease and insect resistance, resistance to barrenness, resistance to loding, pollen production, grain and seed yields, and eating quality. For buckwheat, improved summer buckwheat varieties produced more rutin for vegetable and grain than autumn varieties in Korea

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.41-48
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• 1995

Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), TMV-common strain, causes severe damage on flue-cured tobacco in Korea. As the results, breeding programs were conducted to transfer the TMV resistance from NC567 to other cultivars. Advantage of F1, hybrid may not lie only in their heterotic value but also in directly combining of valuable dominant traits, e.g. for disease resistance, either in pairs or as groups already assembled in the two parents. A new TMV resistant flue-cured tobacco variety KF114 was developed from a cross as maternal parent MSNC567 and NC82 at the Suwon Experiment Station. KF114 was more vigorous growth characteristics in early stage than that of NC82, standard variety in Korea, and other characters were similar to those of NC82. It os high resistance to TMV, but bacterial wilt(Pseudomonas solanacerum) and black shank (Phytophthora parasitica var. nicotianae) is comparable to NC82. It should adapt well to the flue-cured production area and can reduce premature flowering under unfavorable weather conditions. Yield of KF114 is 1% to 5% higher, and nearly equal in value per KG compared with NC82. This variety, F1 hybrid, met acceptable standards for chemical and physical characteristics of cured leaf and high ranked good smoking taste by panel members in Korea Ginseng and Tobacco Research Institute.

• 한국육종학회지
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.211-214
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• 2008

Haploid system by anther culture allows the development of homozygous lines when doubled. The response of anther culture to Basta (glufosinate) resistance was investigated on transgenic plants (cv. Anjungbyeo) in order to identify inheritance of bar gene associated with Basta. Most of the regenerated transgenic plants were sterile, and only a few plants produced viable seeds ($A_1$) in the greenhouse. The bar gene was analysis by PCR in basta resistant transgenic plant ($TA_0$). The transgenic seeds ($A_1$) were significantly germinated in Basta solution compared with non-transformed seeds. As a result of anther culture, in regenerated haploid plants, segregation ratio was 1:1 in five of eight cross combinations. In diploid plants, segregation ratio was 1:1 in seven of eight cross combinations. Although there was some differences in the cross combinations, most of the combinations had 1:1 segregation ratio which supports the theory. The difference may be a result of the small sample size or the difference of anther culture response caused by genotypic difference. Hence, when many cross combinations were anther-cultured the results would support the theory.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제20권11호
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• pp.1651-1654
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• 2007

The mouse myxovirus resistance protein 1 (Mx1) is known to be sufficient to confer resistance to influenza viruses, and the gene encoding Mx1 is, therefore, an interesting candidate gene for disease resistance in farm animals. The porcine Mx1 gene has already been identified and characterized based on its homology with mouse Mx1; the full-length coding region of the pig Mx1 gene spans 2,545 bp (M65087) and is organized into 17 exons compared with the human ortholog mRNA. In this study, the exons 9, 10 and 11 and introns 6 and 9 of the porcine Mx1 gene were cloned and sequenced. Two SNPs were identified in exons 9, 10 and 11 but none of the SNPs led to an amino acid exchange, and the other eleven variants were detected in introns 6 and 9, respectively. Differences in allele frequency between Meishan and other pig breeds were observed within intron 6, of which an $A{\rightarrow}G$ substitution at position 371 was detected as an SnaBI PCR-RFLP. The association analysis using the Large White${\times}$Meishan $F_2$ offspring suggested that the Mx1 genotype was associated with variation in several immunity traits that are of interest in pig breeding. However, further investigations in more populations are needed to confirm the above result.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2022

Fusarium culmorum is one of the most important causal agents of root rot of wheat. In this study, 10 F. culmorum isolates were collected from farms located in five agro-ecological regions of Morocco. These were used to challenge 20 durum wheat genotypes via artificial inoculation of plant roots under controlled conditions. The isolate virulence was determined by three traits (roots browning index, stem browning index, and severity of root rot). An alpha-lattice design with three replicates was used, and the resulting ANOVA revealed a significant (P < 0.01) effect of isolate (I), genotype (G), and G × I interaction. A total of four response types were observed (R, MR, MS, and S) revealing that different genes in both the pathogen and the host were activated in 53% of interactions. Most genotypes were susceptible to eight or more isolates, while the Moroccan cultivar Marouan was reported resistant to three isolates and moderately resistant to three others. Similarly, the Australian breeding line SSD1479-117 was reported resistant to two isolates and moderately resistant to four others. The ICARDA elites Icaverve, Berghisyr, Berghisyr2, Amina, and Icaverve2 were identified as moderately resistant. Principal component analysis based on the genotypes responses defined two major clusters and two sub-clusters for the 10 F. culmorum isolates. Isolate Fc9 collected in Khemis Zemamra was the most virulent while isolate Fc3 collected in Haj-Kaddour was the least virulent. This work provides initial results for the discovery of differential reactions between the durum lines and isolates and the identification of novel sources of resistance.

• 한국식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국식물학회 1995년도 제9회 식물생명공학 심포지움 식물육종과 분자생물학의 만남 The 9th Plant Biotechnology Symposium -Breeding and Molecular Biology-
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• pp.133-170
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• 1995

The major objectives of fruit breeding lie in improvement of cultivar, easy to be cultivated and of high quality, in order to produce unexpensive, delicious fruit both for fresh fruit market and processing. Recently, fruit breeding in Korea has contributed to breeding of several superior cultivars in major fruit crops, resulting in appreciable improvement in qualities such as skin color, taste and fruit-bearing habit concerned with productivity. In spite of accomplishments mentioned above, the need for both highly disease-resistant cultivars and long-keeping, physiological disorder-resistant cultivars to meet long distance transsportation in the temperate fruit crops of apples, oriental pears, stone fruits such as peaches, and grapes grown in Korea is rapidly pressing more than ever, as cultivars of today susceptible to pests and diseases and vulnerable to physiological disorders are very expensive and time-consuming in post-harvest handling and management. Thus, imporvements made in the above problems through breeding level will lead to the really enhanced productivity in fruit industry. The major impediments of tree size, the long length of juvenile period and the highly heterogeneous genetic composition to the improvement of fruit crops are responsible for the lower amount and rate of improvements of fruit crops as compared to annuals. Considering the expected limitations of the above problems to be solved through conventional breeding methods and strategy, a turning point of breeding a near perfect cultivar would be laid down if innovative breakthroughs in biological technology will be realized in applying some of the techniques of genetic manipulation at the molecular level to the cultivar improvement of fruit crops, such as the selective insertion of DNA carrying genes that govern desirable characteristics. More than anything else, those traits such as fruiting habit deciding productivity, elements of fruit qualities conditioned by monogene, and disease-and pest-resistance of vital importance for successful fruit growing are urgently desired to be improved by advancement of biotechnology for they are more than difficult and need long period to be attained through conventional breeding method.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.47-54
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• 2005

Identification of host genes involved in disease progresses and/or defense responses is one of the most critical steps leading to the elucidation of disease resistance mechanisms in plants. Soybean mosaic virus (SMV) is one of the most prevalent pathogen of soybean (Glycine max). Although the soybeans are placed one of many important crops, relatively little is known about defense mechanism. In order to obtain host genes involved in SMV disease progress and host defense especially for virus resistance, two different cloning strategies (DD RT-PCR and Subtractive hybridization) were employed to identify pathogenesis- and defenserelated genes (PRs and DRs) from susceptible (Geumjeong 1) and resistant (Geumjeong 2) cultivars against SMV strain G7H. Using these approaches, we obtained 570 genes that expressed differentially during SMV infection processes. Based upon sequence analyses, differentially expressed host genes were classified into five groups, i.e. metabolism, genetic information processing, environmental information processing, cellular processes and unclassified group. A total of 11 differentially expressed genes including protein kinase, transcription factor, other potential signaling components and resistant-like gene involved in host defense response were selected to further characterize and determine expression profiles of each selected gene. Functional characterization of these genes will likely facilitate the elucidation of defense signal transduction and biological function in SMV-infected soybean plants.

• 원예과학기술지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.64-72
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• 2012

고추 역병은 그 동안 우리나라 고추 생산에 있어서 심각한 수량감소의 피해를 주어 왔으며, 2004년 처음으로 고추 역병 저항성 품종이 보급되기 시작하면서, 국내 건고추 육종에 있어서 역병 저항성의 도입은 필수불가결한 것으로 되었다. 그러므로 저항성 식물체 선발의 정확성 제고 및 육종의 효율 향상을 위하여 역병 저항성과 연관된 분자표지의 개발이 요구된다. 지금까지 고추 역병 저항성 주동 유전자에 연관된 분자표지가 일부 개발되어 있지만, 부분적으로 밖에 사용할 수 없다는 문제점이 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 역병 저항성 소재에 상관없이 저항성을 구별해 낼 수 있는 분자표지를 개발하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 '수비초' ${\times}$ 'CM334' 조합의 $F_2$ 분리집단($SF_2$)과 역병 저항성 시판 $F_1$품종('독야청청')을 자가수정한 $F_2$ 분리집단($DCF_2$)을 만들었다. BSA-AFLP 방법으로 총 1,024 프라이머 조합을 사용하여 역병 저항성과 연관된 세 개의 AFLP 분자표지(AFLP1, AFLP2 및 AFLP3)를 선발하였으며, 이를 CAPS 분자표지(M1-CAPS, M2-CAPS 및 M3-CAPS)로 전환하였다. 이 중 M3-CAPS 분자표지를 10개의 역병 저항성 계통, 14개의 이병성 계통, 'CM334'를 화분친으로 사용한 5개의 $F_1$ 조합, 그리고 53개의 시판 $F_1$ 품종에 적용해 본 결과, 역병 저항성 표현형과 M3-CAPS 분자표지의 마커형이 잘 일치하였고, P5-SNAP과 Phyto5.2-SCAR 분자표지보다 높은 실용성을 보이는 결과를 얻었다. 따라서, M3-CAPS 분자표지는 역병 저항성 고추 계통 육성에 많은 도움을 줄 수 있을 것으로 생각한다.

• 원예과학기술지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.171-177
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• 2012

Sw5-2 SCAR 분자표지와 생물검정법을 이용하여 토마토 유전자원 94종의 $Tomato$ $spotted$ $wilt$ $virus$(TSWV) 저항성을 조사하였다. Sw5-2 SCAR 분자표지의 PCR 산물은 대략 574bp, 500bp, 462bp였는데, 크기가 가장 큰 PCR 산물이 Sw5-b 저항성 대립유전자와 연관되어 있었다. Sw5-b 저항성 대립유전자는 3개 수집종('Eureta', 10-318, 10-321)에서 관찰되었는데, 접종한 개체 가운데 이들 가운데 일부는 TSWV-pb1(토마토 분리주)에 일시적으로 감염되어 회복되거나 줄기에 괴사 병징을 보였다. ELISA 검사에서 음성으로 판명된 수집종 당 1개체씩 총 35개체를 선발하여 병징 발현 및 바이러스 감염 유무를 추가로 조사하였다. 접종 5개월 이후에 병징이 나타나지 않은 26개체를 대상으로 RT-PCR을 이용하여 TSWV 감염유무를 조사한 결과, 모든 개체에서 TSWV의 RT-PCR 산물이 약하게 증폭되었고, 이들 PCR 산물의 증폭 수준은 'Eureta'와 비슷하였다. 선발된 유전자원의 저항성은 조직 내 TSWV의 농도를 낮게 하는데 중요한 역할을 하고 이들은 Sw5를 포함한 여러 가지 유전자들에 의해 양적으로 조절되는 것으로 판단된다.