• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.27-35
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• 2008

With the proliferation of wireless devices, mobile ad-hoc networking (MANETS) has become a very exciting and important technology. However, MANET is more vulnerable than wired networking. Existing security mechanisms designed for wired networks have to be redesigned in this new environment. In this paper, we discuss the problem of anomaly detection in MANET. The focus of our research is on techniques for automatically constructing anomaly detection models that are capable of detecting new or unseen attacks. We propose a new anomaly detection method for MANETs. The proposed method performs cross-feature analysis on the basis of Rough sets to capture the inter-feature correlation patterns in normal traffic. The performance of the proposed method is evaluated through a simulation. The results show that the performance of the proposed method is superior to the performance of Huang method that uses cross-feature based on the probability of feature attribute value. Accordingly, we know that the proposed method effectively detects anomalies.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.25 no.6_1
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• pp.545-555
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• 2007

3D buildings are the most prominent feature comprising urban scene. A few of mega-cities in the globe are virtually reconstructed in photo-realistic 3D models, which becomes accessible by the public through the state-of-the-art online mapping services. A lot of research efforts have been made to develop automatic reconstruction technique of large-scale 3D building models from remotely sensed data. However, existing methods still produce irregular building polygons due to errors induced partly by uncalibrated sensor system, scene complexity and partly inappropriate sensor resolution to observed object scales. Thus, a geometric regularization technique is urgently required to rectify such irregular building polygons that are quickly captured from low sensory data. This paper aims to develop a new method for regularizing noise building outlines extracted from airborne LiDAR data, and to evaluate its performance in comparison with existing methods. These include Douglas-Peucker's polyline simplication, total least-squared adjustment, model hypothesis-verification, and rule-based rectification. Based on Minimum Description Length (MDL) principal, a new objective function, Geometric Minimum Description Length (GMDL), to regularize geometric noises is introduced to enhance the repetition of identical line directionality, regular angle transition and to minimize the number of vertices used. After generating hypothetical regularized models, a global optimum of the geometric regularity is achieved by verifying the entire solution space. A comparative evaluation of the proposed geometric regulator is conducted using both simulated and real building vectors with various levels of noise. The results show that the GMDL outperforms the selected existing algorithms at the most of noise levels.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.808-817
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• 2016

In this study, we investigated the effects of pre-soaking in salt and sugar solution prior to air drying at $50^{\circ}C$ on the characteristics of dried apples. Pre-soaking solutions included single solutions of salt 2% and sugar 2%; and combined solutions of salt 2%+sugar 2% and salt 2%+sugar 5%, respectively. The effects of pre-soaking condition and drying were evaluated in terms of moisture content (MC), water activity, color, antioxidant activity determined by DPPH radical scavenging activity, shear force, microbial contents, and sensory evaluation of apple slices. The control sample without pre-soaking showed the most rapid drying rate; in addition, the single solutions showed higher MC and water activity after drying time of 120 min, as compared to combined solutions. In all samples, MC and water activity showed high correlation coefficients of 0.91 to 0.97; whereas, shear force was negatively correlated with MC and water activity. The single solution of salt 2% showed decrease in change of color, including L, a, and b values, and the number of aerobic bacteria during drying. In addition, highest antioxidant activity and values of sensory preferences were observed in the dried apple pre-soaked in single solution of salt 2%.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.14-20
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• 2012

This study analyzes the influencing factors of prehospital 119 Emergency Medical Service for Stroke Patients in prehospital. From July, 2010 to June, 2011, 123 patients were diagnosed with Stroke in Emergency Medical Center. Among 123 patients, the prehospital assessment rates were as follows : blood pressure checked 73.2 %, pulse checked 73.2 %, respiratory checked 64.2 %, $SpO_2$ checked 79.7 %, pupil reflex test 88.6 %, Electrocardiogram checked 14.6 %, blood sugar checked 19.5 %. Prehospital emergency medical care, Oropharyngeal airway insertion 2.4 %, Manual airway maneuvers 17.1 %, endotracheal intubation 2.7 %, oxygen supply 35.4 %, and suction and intravenous fluid therapy 0 %. The property of mental status evaluation by 119 Emergency Medical Service was nearly perfect, but the patients assessment and emergency medical care were not.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.108-120
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• 2017

Modern watermelon cultivars (Citrullus lanatus [Thunb.] Matsum.& Nakai var. lanatus) have fruits with diverse phenotypes, including fruit shape, rind patterns, and flesh color. Molecular markers enable efficient selection of plants harboring desirable phenotypes. In the present study, publicly available DNA markers tightly linked to fruit shape, rind stripe pattern, and flesh color were evaluated using 85 watermelon accessions with diverse fruit phenotypes. For fruit shape, the dCAPS SUN - Cla011257 marker revealed an 81% of marker - trait match for accessions with elongated or round fruits. For rind stripe pattern, the SCAR wsb6-11marker was effective for selecting Jubilee-type rind pattern from other rind patterns. For flesh color, the Clcyb.600 and Lcyb markers derived from a mutation in the Lycopene ${\beta}$ - cyclase (Lcyb) gene, were effective at selecting red or yellow flesh. Forty-eight accessions possessing diverse fruit - related traits were selected as a reference array and their genetic relationships assessed using 16 SSR markers. At a coefficient of 0.11, the 48 accessions grouped into two major clades: Clade I and Clade II. Clade I subdivided further into subclades I - 1 and I - 2 at a coefficient of 0.39. All accessions with colored flesh were classified into Clade I, whereas those with white - flesh were classified into Clade II. Differences in fruit traits between subclades I - 1 and I - 2 were observed for rind pattern and fruit color; a majority of the accessions with Crimson-type striped or non-striped rind were grouped together in subclade I - 1, while most accessions in subclade I - 2 had a Jubilee - type rind stripe pattern. These results imply that reference array watermelon accessions possess distinguishable genetic structure based on rind stripe pattern. However, no significant grouping pattern was observed based on other fruit-related traits.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.49-63
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• 2009

The performance of spatio-temporal moving pattern mining depends on how to analyze and process the huge set of spatio-temporal data due to the nature of it. The several method was presented in order to solve the problems in which existing spatio-temporal moving pattern mining methods[1-10] have, such as increasing execution time and required memory size during the pattern mining, but they did not solve properly yet. Thus, we proposed the STMP/MST method[11] as a preceding research in order to extract effectively sequential and/or periodical frequent occurrence moving patterns from the huge set of spatio-temporal moving data. The proposed method reduces patterns mining execution time, using the moving sequence tree based on hash tree. And also, to minimize the required memory space, it generalizes detailed historical data including spatio-temporal attributes into the real world scopes of space and time by using spatio-temporal concept hierarchy. In this paper, in order to verify the effectiveness of the STMP/MST method, we compared and analyzed performance with existing spatio-temporal moving pattern mining methods based on the quantity of mining data and minimum support factor.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.46 no.6
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• pp.589-596
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• 2013

As the importance of elderly's dietary life have increased, low-income elderly's meal should be taken care by social policies. Nevertheless, there is a lack of systematic management in home-delivery meal service. This study aims to investigate the elderly's experience on home-delivered meal service, especially identifying the symbolic meaning of home-delivered meal service on elderly's dietary life. Using an in-depth interview, qualitative data was collected from five elderly participants who received home-delivered meals. Data was analyzed based on Colaizzi's 6 steps method, deriving 148 significant statements, 18 formulated meanings, and 5 themes: , , , , and . Elderly participants regarded the home delivered meal as not only a decent meal but also felt appreciated. The home-delivered meals were found to be their only meal all day; thus, they considered these meals as a means of survival. Home-delivered meals are considered as a lack of consideration for the elderly's physical condition, including their tastes, portion size, and cooking method. Also, these elderly seemed to lose their appetite due to aging and it caused the enjoyment of eating. The elderly have kept silence never expressing any opinions regarding the home delivered meals because they were offered for free. The results suggested that the home-delivered meal service should be developed with the multilateral evaluation methods to reflect the elderly's needs to improve the quality of the home-delivered meal service.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.33-41
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to provide statistical analysis based suggestions on effective methods to take advantage of social network service (SNS) for educational purposes based on investigations of undergraduate students with high utilization of SNS. To achieve this, we conducted an open questionnaire survey and qualitatively analyzed the data using NVivo 10 program. Additionally, to visualize the analysis by education subject of the SNS educational methods, we have divided the data into 3 categories of teacher, student and common area. As a result, our analysis showed that the exchange opinions and discussions, information sharing and learning of contents of questions and answers, surveys, intimacy formation, counseling etc. were of the common area. Furthermore, teacher area included the notice announcement, teaching materials sharing, real-time assessment (quiz), attendance check, assignment grading and feedback, etc. Finally the student area was of project activities (group/individual), prepare and review the shared data, video self learning, peer review and feedback of projects, lecture evaluation, etc.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.145-157
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to explore ways of service recovery and procedures through the service failure cases depending on the employee capacity that leads to improving quality of the airline cabin service. This study was tested using the failure case of airline in korea. Since interrupting and discontinuing of customer service affect customer defections, customer satisfaction must quickly respond to the service's error situation. The service of the cabin crew is closely related to the customer's evaluation, the direct connection. Customer's objectives are to meet employee needs for service recovery and to recognize and analyze customer perceptions of human resources services, restore customer expectations and maintain contracts with customers. Therefore, this study proposes a set of strategies for effectively preventing and responding to customer related service failure in the airline cabin service.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.93-114
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to analyze the educational program that is offered on the information menu in the homepage (Familynet) of the Healthy Family-Support Center (HFSC) and suggest developmental directions. For this purpose, first, it deduced that the managerial principles of the education program, from related theories, are included in the family-system, family-structure, family-structure analysis, family life-cycle and ecological system theories. Second, it analyzed the educational programs of 44 local centers that are connected to the homepage (familynet.or.kr) of HFSC. Finally, it suggested developmental directions for managerial improvements of educational programs. As a result, the most popular part in the educational program was parent education, especially the visiting-father education program. The number of couple-related education programs were fewer than those for parent education, because it is difficult for couples to be present at the same time. Family and Self-Cognition programs cover insufficient contents in the parent-education program. Though total program in familylife education is quite large, the number of programs in each separate part is far too small for such a wide subject. So, each part in the program should be made more sufficient. Finally, it suggested the development of an evaluation system and a coaching process as special services for families that are in different development stages and have different family experiences, resources, needs and goals.