• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.703-715
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• 2015

One of the challenges to increase milk production in a large pasture-based herd with an automatic milking system (AMS) is to grow forages within a 1- km radius, as increases in walking distance increases milking interval and reduces yield. The main objective of this study was to explore sustainable forage option technologies that can supply high amount of grazeable forages for AMS herds using the Agricultural Production Systems Simulator (APSIM) model. Three different basic simulation scenarios (with irrigation) were carried out using forage crops (namely maize, soybean and sorghum) for the spring-summer period. Subsequent crops in the three scenarios were forage rape over-sown with ryegrass. Each individual simulation was run using actual climatic records for the period from 1900 to 2010. Simulated highest forage yields in maize, soybean and sorghum- (each followed by forage rape-ryegrass) based rotations were 28.2, 22.9, and 19.3 t dry matter/ha, respectively. The simulations suggested that the irrigation requirement could increase by up to 18%, 16%, and 17% respectively in those rotations in El-Nino years compared to neutral years. On the other hand, irrigation requirement could increase by up to 25%, 23%, and 32% in maize, soybean and sorghum based rotations in El-Nino years compared to La-Nina years. However, irrigation requirement could decrease by up to 8%, 7%, and 13% in maize, soybean and sorghum based rotations in La-Nina years compared to neutral years. The major implication of this study is that APSIM models have potentials in devising preferred forage options to maximise grazeable forage yield which may create the opportunity to grow more forage in small areas around the AMS which in turn will minimise walking distance and milking interval and thus increase milk production. Our analyses also suggest that simulation analysis may provide decision support during climatic uncertainty.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2003.07a
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• pp.105-108
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• 2003

Because of increasing the notebook computer and PDA, users' requirement with respect to mobility is growing more and more. However, current IP protocol is not changed IP address and can not deliver IP packets on new location of host in case moving another network. To solve this problem, the IETF has proposed mobile IP. The network management for maintaining stable and efficient environment is more difficult according to being various by complicated network environment and requirements of provided service and user. The recent rises concern about policy-based network technology. Therefore, this paper proposed a framework of policy-based network and developed policy scenarios using the presented policy language of mobile IP.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.110-117
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• 2018

This study aims to overcome the problems of existing fire fighting drills and build a practical and effective fire fighting drill system to enhance emergency response capabilities. The unexpected scenarios fire fighting drill is to conduct drills with no scenarios and draw conclusions with quantified outcomes in real time, which provides the object evaluation system. The unexpected scenarios fire fighting drill is based on the IoT sensor-based drill evaluation system to suit individual requirement of drilling spots. This study also includes drill field test conducted to examine the applicability of the evaluation system for quantified outcomes. It is considered that the evaluation system of this paper will contribute to systematization and quantification of fire fighting drill, raise trainees' safety consciousness, and ultimately increase the actual fire fighting response capabilities.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.201-220
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• 2020

Trackers, especially long-term (LT) trackers, now have a more complex structure and more intensive computation for nowadays' endless pursuit of high accuracy and robustness. However, computing efficiency of LT trackers cannot meet the real-time requirement in various real application scenarios. Considering heterogeneous CPU-GPU platforms have been more popular than ever, it is a challenge to exploit the computing capacity of heterogeneous platform to improve the efficiency of LT trackers for real-time requirement. This paper focuses on TLD, which is the first LT tracking framework, and proposes an efficient parallel implementation based on OpenCL. In this paper, we firstly make an analysis of the TLD tracker and then optimize the computing intensive kernels, including Fern Feature Extraction, Fern Classification, NCC Calculation, Overlaps Calculation, Positive and Negative Samples Extraction. Experimental results demonstrate that our efficient parallel TLD tracker outperforms the original TLD, achieving the 3.92 speedup on CPU and GPU. Moreover, the parallel TLD tracker can run 52.9 frames per second and meet the real-time requirement.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.67 no.2
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• pp.224-232
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• 2018

According to government policy, renewable energy facility such as solar power generation is being implemented for newly constructed buildings. In recent years, the introduction of Energy Storage System (ESS) served as an emergency power for replacing an existing diesel generator has been increasing. Furthermore, in order to expand the efficacy of the ESS operation, operation in combination with renewable energy sources such as solar and wind power generation is increasing. Hence, development of the ESS operation algorithms for emergency mode as well as the peak power cut mode, which is the essential feature of ESS, are necessary. The operational scenarios of ESS need to consider load power requirement and the amount of the power generation by renewable energy sources. For the verification of the developed scenarios, tests under the actual situation are demanded, but there is a difficulty in simulating the emergency operation situation such as system failure in the actual site. Therefore, this paper proposes simulation models for the HILS(Hardware In the Loop Simulation) and operation modes developed through HILS for the ESS operated with renewable energy source under peak power reduction and emergency modes. The paper shows that the ESS operation scenarios developed through HILS work properly at the actual site, and it verifies the effectiveness of the control logic developed by the HILS.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.54 no.3
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• pp.149-157
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• 2012

For the systemic management and planning of future agricultural water resources, deriving and analyzing the various results of climate change are necessary to respond the uncertainties of climate change. This study assessed the impact of climate change on the rainfall, temperature, and agricultural water requirement targeting in the Nakdong-river's basin periodically according to socioeconomic driving factors under the scenarios A1B, A2 and B1 of the Special Report on Emission Scenarios (SRES) through the various IPCC GCMs. As a result of future rainfall change (2011~2100), increasing or decreasing tendency of rainfall change for future periods did not show a clear trend for three rainfall observatories, Daegu, Busan and Gumi. The characteristics of the temperature change consistently show a tendency to increase, and in the case of Daegu observatory, high temperature growth was shown. Especially, it was increased by 93.3 % in the period of future3 (2071~2100) for A2 scenario. According to the scenario and periodic analyses on the agricultural water demand, which was thought to be dependent on rainfall and temperature, the agricultural water demand increased at almost every period except during the Period Future1 (2011~2040) with different increase sizes, and the scenario-specific results were shown to be similar. As for areas, the agricultural water demand showed more changes in the sub-basin located by the branch of Nakdong-river than at the mainstream of the River.

• Journal of Drive and Control
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.44-52
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• 2024

In this study, we predicted PTO power requirements based on torque predicted by the discrete element method and the multi-body dynamics coupling method. Six different scenarios were simulated to predict PTO power requirements in different soil conditions. The first scenario was a tillage operation on cohesionless soil, and the field was modeled using the Hertz-Mindlin contact model. In the second through sixth scenarios, tillage operations were performed on viscous soils, and the field was represented by the Hertz-Mindlin + JKR model for cohesion. To check the influence of surface energy, a parameter to reproduce cohesion, on the power requirement, a simple regression analysis was performed. The significance and appropriateness of the regression model were checked and found to be acceptable. The study findings are expected to be used in design optimization studies of agricultural machinery by predicting power requirements using the discrete element method and the multi-body dynamics coupling method and analyzing the effect of soil cohesion on the power requirement.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.56 no.4
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• pp.59-68
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• 2014

Climate change influences multiple environmental aspects, certain of which are specifically related to agricultural water resources such as water supply, water management, droughts and floods. Understanding the impact of climate change on reservoirs in relation to the passage of time is an important component of water resource management for stable water supply maintenance. Changes on rainfall and hydrologic patterns due to climate change can increases the occurrence of reservoir water shortage and affect the future availability of agricultural water resources. It is a main concern for sustainable development in agricultural water resources management to evaluate adaptation capability of water supply under the future climate conditions. The purpose of this study is to predict the sustainability of agricultural water demand and supply under future climate change by applying an irrigation vulnerability assessment model to investigate evidence of climate change occurrences at a local scale with respect to potential water supply capacity and irrigation water requirement. Thus, it is a recommended practice in the development of water supply management strategies on reservoir operation under climate change.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.54 no.2
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• pp.15-26
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• 2012

For stable and sustainable crop production, understanding the effects of climate changes on agricultural water resources is necessary to minimize the negative effects which might occur due to shifting weather conditions. Although various studies have been carried out in Korea concerning changes in evapotranspiration and irrigation water requirement, the findings are still difficult to utilize fordesigning the demand and unit duty of water, which are the design criteria of irrigation systems. In this study, the impact analysis of climate changes on the paddy water demand and unit duty of water was analyzed based on the high resolution climate change scenarios (specifically under the A1B scenario) provided by the Korea Meteorological Administration. The result of the study indicated that average changes in the paddy water demand in eight irrigation districts were estimated as -2.4 % (2025s), -0.2 % (2055s), and 3.2 % (2085s). The unit duty of water was estimated to increase on an average within 2 % during paddy transplanting season and within 5 % during growing season after transplanting. This result could be utilized for irrigation system design, agricultural water resource development, and rice paddy cultivation policy-making in South Korea.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.190-200
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• 2017

In general, an assessment of the benefits and costs with regard to vehicle safety standards are validated before regulations are implemented. This paper performs this validation for the mandatory automobile safety devices requirement for new micro-mobility. The reviewed car safety standards involved the installation of seat belts, airbags, ABS, crash speed standards, and pedestrian warning system. The benefit was estimated as the cost of accident reduction due to the installation of vehicle safety standards. As a result, the safety belt showed a B / C of 4.0 or higher, and it was found that the seat belt should be installed from 2017. After the seatbelt regulation in 2017, the results of the scenarios with the airbag, ABS, crash speed of 40 km/h, and the pedestrian warning system showed B / C of 1.0 or more according to the year of regulation. This study can be useful as a tool in the decision-making process with regard to the timing and type of vehicle safety standards requirement of micro-mobility in the future.