• 제목/요약/키워드: reproductive phenology

검색결과 23건 처리시간 0.031초

Reproductive Phenology of Gracilaria verrucosa (Rhodophyta) in Cheongsapo near Pusan, Korea

  • Kim Young Sik;Choi Han Gil;Kim Hyung Geun;Nam Ki Wan;Sohn Chul Hyun
    • Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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    • 제1권1호
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    • pp.147-151
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    • 1998
  • The reproductive phenology of Gracilaria verrucosa was studied in Cheongsapo near Pusan, Korea. Among the life history phases, tetrasporic plants occurred dominantly in varying degrees of abundance throughout the year except from July to September. Cystocarpic plants increased rapidly during summer, and then recorded maximum abundance in July. Whereas, seasonal peaks of spermatangial plants were observed in April and September. However, they were less than cystocarpic plants in abundance. Vegetative plants dominated from December to May for long period, with a occurrence peak in February. Even though fertile plants in both gametophytes and tetrasporophytes occurred throughout the year, their seasonal abundance suggests that the positive correlation between reproduction and water temperature is basically found in the reproductive pattern of Gracilaria verrucosa. The distributional aspect of life history phases appears to be related with differences of their longevity, fecundity or survivorship.

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Seasonal Growth, Phenology and Spore Shedding in Polysiphonia platycarpa Børgesen (Ceramiales, Rhodophyta) of Visakhapatnam Coast, India

  • Rangaiah, G.Subba;Sudhakar, S.;Kumari, E.Vanilla
    • ALGAE
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    • 제18권2호
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    • pp.177-181
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    • 2003
  • Variation in seasonal growth, phenology and periodicity in spore shedding in Polysiphonia platycarpa $B{\oslash}rgesen$ occurring on the coast of Visakhapatnam, India, have been described to know the growth behaviour, reproductive periodicity and spore producing capacities. This alga occurs for a short period from December to May in the intertidal region of the Visakhapatnam coast, showing maximum growth during January/February. Tetrasporophytic, carposporophytic and antheridial plants were observed in all months of their occurrence in the field. But the vegetative plants were not seen in January and February and all the plants collected were reproductive. The tetraspore and carpospore shedding was observed during all the six months of their occurrence.

Flowering and fruiting phenology of herbs, climbers, shrubs, and trees in the deciduous dipterocarp forest of Northern Thailand

  • Janejaree Inuthai
    • Journal of Ecology and Environment
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    • 제47권3호
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    • pp.134-145
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    • 2023
  • Background: The flowering and fruiting periods play an important role in biological processes. The deciduous dipterocarp forest is an important forest type in Thailand, however the phenological studies are still limited, particularly in different plant life forms. Thus, the present study focused on the flowering and fruiting phenology of herbs, climbers, shrubs, and trees in the deciduous dipterocarp forest at Lampang province of Northern Thailand. Field visits were made to record plant life forms and observe reproductive phenological events at monthly intervals from November 2018 to October 2019 and September to December 2020. Results: The phenological observations were based on 126 species of 45 families and 102 genera. Flowering and fruiting periods showed similar patterns in herbaceous plants, climbers, and shrubs. Most of these species produced flowers and fruits from the end of the rainy season (October) to the winter season (November-January). Whereas most of flowering and fruiting trees were found from the summer season (March-April) to the beginning of the rainy season (May-June). Most of the dry-fruited species occurred during the dry period (winter and summer seasons), while the majority of fleshy-fruited species dominated in the wet period (rainy season). The statistical analysis supported the phenological patterns of flowering and fruiting in the present study. There were significant negative correlations between the number of flowering and fruiting species and temperature. The number of flowering and fruiting species is significantly impacted by the interaction between seasons and plant life forms. Conclusions: Plant life form seems to be the important factor that affects the different phenological patterns in the studied plants. The abiotic and biotic factors play major roles in reproductive phenology. However, long-term study and in-depth phenological observations are necessary for better understanding.

통영 연안에 분포하는 거머리말의 계절변동과 생식특성 (Phenology of Zostera marina at Tongyeong in Southern Coast of Korea)

  • 윤준식;김남길
    • 한국해양바이오학회지
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    • 제11권2호
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    • pp.62-70
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    • 2019
  • We investigated the variation of morphological features, density, biomass and characteristics of reproductive shoot on Zostera marina. This species was monthly monitored and collected during a year in Tongyeong (from January 2016 to December 2016). Morphological features, biomass and density showed significantly seasonal variation (p<0.001). Dimensions of Z. marina were highest in spring and early summer but lowest in winter. Biomass and leaf density of Z. marina showed highest value in May (4,700.5 g w·wt m-2) and June (858.0 leaves m-2) respectively and lowest value in November (515.9 g w·wt m-2 and 312.0 leaves m-2). Reproductive shoot was monitored from April (13℃) to June (21℃) and grew up to ca. 200 cm. Spathe length, spadix weight, numbers and weight of fruit showed significantly different on monthly. None mature flowers were monitored in April but matured flowers, fruits were founded in May and seed releasing were occurred in June.

남해 연안에 생육하는 거머리말(Zostera marina L.) 개체군의 생물계절학과 생식 능력 (Phenology and Reproductive Effort of Two Zostera marina L. Populations on the Southern Coast of Korea)

  • 이상룡;이성미;최청일
    • Ocean and Polar Research
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    • 제27권1호
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    • pp.67-74
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    • 2005
  • 남해안의 동대만과 앵강만에 생육하는 거머리말 개체군의 생물계절학과 생식 능력을 2002년 9월부터 2003년 8월까지 조사하였다. 동대만의 퇴적물 입도는 앵강만보다 세립하였으며, 퇴적물의 유기물 함량도 유의하게 높았다. 동대만의 수온은 $7.5^{\circ}C$(2월)에서 $25.5^{\circ}C$(8월)까지 분포하였으며, 앵강만은$6.7^{\circ}C$(2월)에서부터 $25.2^{\circ}C$(9월)까지 분포하였다. 두 지역의 거머리말 개체군은 다년생의 생활사를 보였으며, 생식지의 생식 능력들은 동대만이 앵강만보다 유의하게 높았다. 동대만의 생식지는 2003년 2월부터 6월까지 출현하였으나, 앵강만에서는 2003년 3월부터 6월까지 출현하였다. 동대만에서 생식지의 생육밀도는 $11{\sim}33%$를 차지하였으나, 동대만에서는 5% 이하로 나타났다. 생식지의 구조적인 특징은 육수화서 내 열매와 종자 수를 제외하고 동대만에서 유의하게 높았다. 두 생육지에서 거머리말 개체군의 생식 단계의 출현 시기는 수온과 관계하는 것으로 사료되었다.

$CO_2$ 농도와 온도 증가가 멸종위기식물 섬시호의 번식생태학적 특성에 미치는 영향 (Effect of Elevated $CO_2$ Concentration and Temperature on the Phenology and Reproductive Ecological Characteristics of Bupleurum latissimum (Endangered plant))

  • 이승혁;정중규;조규태;장래하;한영섭;유영한
    • 생태와환경
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    • 제46권3호
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    • pp.380-387
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    • 2013
  • 지구온난화에 따른 멸종위기식물 섬시호의 식물계절과 번식생태학적 반응을 알아보기 위하여, 4년생 섬시호를 일반대기 조건인 대조구와 이산화탄소와 온도를 상승시킨 처리구로 나누어 유리온실에서 생육시켜 관찰 비교하였다. 개엽 시기는 처리구가 대조구보다 4일 빨랐고, 열매 개시일은 처리구가 대조구보다 1일 빨리 시작되었으며, 열매성숙 시기는 처리구가 대조구보다 2일 빨랐다. 그리고 개체 당 화경 수, 성숙한 열매 수, 쭉정이 수, 쭉정이 무게, 총 열매수와 결실율은 처리구와 대조구간의 차이가 없었다. 그러나 성숙한 열매 한 개 무게, 성숙한 열매무게와 총 열매무게는 대조구에서 처리구보다 높았다. 발아율은 대조구가 처리구보다 현저히 높았다. 이러한 결과는 지구온난화 조건이 되면 섬시호의 식물계절은 빨라지고, 번식생태학적 반응은 부정적인 영향을 받을 것이다.

토양의 수분과 유기물이 멸종위기식물 큰바늘꽃(Epilobium hirsutum L.)의 번식계절 및 생리 반응에 미치는 영향 (Effect of Moisture and Nutrient of Soil on Reproductive Phenology and Physiological Response of Epilobium hirsutum L., an Endangered Plant)

  • 이응필;이수인;한영섭;이승연;유영한;조이연
    • 한국습지학회지
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    • 제20권1호
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    • pp.27-34
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    • 2018
  • 본 연구에서는 멸종위기식물인 큰바늘꽃(Epilobium hirsutum L.)의 효과적인 보전 및 복원을 위한 기초자료를 얻기 위해 토양의 수분함량과 유기물함량이 번식계절과 생리 반응에 어떠한 영향을 주는지에 대하여 알아보았다. 큰바늘꽃은 다년생식물이지만 모든 구배에서 한 해에 생식생장을 하였다. 꽃봉오리, 꽃 그리고 열매주머니는 수분구배와 영양소구배에서 각각 높은 수분 조건과 높은 유기물 조건에서 가장 이른 시기에 성숙하였다. 그리고 꽃 수와 열매주머니 수는 높은 수분 조건과 높은 유기물 조건에서 더 빨리 증가하였다. 엽록소 함량은 수분구배에서 높은 중간 수분 조건과 높은 수분 조건에서 가장 많았고, 영양소구배에서는 차이가 없었다. 최소엽록소형광 값은 수분구배와 영양소구배 모두 차이가 없었고, 최대엽록소형광 값은 높은 수분 조건과 높은 유기물 조건에서 가장 높았다. 광계 II의 광화학적 효율 값은 모든 수분구배에서 0.75로 차이가 없었고, 영양소구배에서의 경우 높은 유기물 조건에서 0.78로 가장 높았다. 큰바늘꽃은 수분이 증가할수록 엽록소 함량이 많아지고, 유기물이 증가할수록 Fv/Fm 값이 높아졌다. 이상의 연구결과는 토양의 충분한 수분과 유기물 함량은 큰바늘꽃의 번식계절을 앞당겨 주고 생식생장을 촉진한다는 것을 보여준다. 추후 멸종위기종인 큰바늘꽃의 개체군 유지와 서식지를 관리하는데 중요한 정보가 될 것으로 판단된다.

Pre-dispersal Seed Predation by a Granivorous Bird, the Masked Grosbeak (Eophona personata), in Two Bird-dispersed Ulmaceae Species

  • Yoshikawa, Tetsuro;Kikuzawa, Kihachiro
    • Journal of Ecology and Environment
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    • 제32권3호
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    • pp.137-143
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    • 2009
  • Pre-dispersal seed predation by a granivorous bird, the masked grosbeak (Eophona personata, Fringillidae), was investigated in two bird-dispersed trees, Celtis sinensis and Aphananthe aspera (Ulmaceae). The objectives of this study were to 1) measure direct damage of predation by grosbeaks on plant crops, 2) reveal the temporal pattern of predation within each tree species and its causal factors, and 3) test whether foraging grosbeaks hinder foraging of frugivorous birds, thereby indirectly impacting the reproduction of both tree species. A substantial amount of fruit and seed crop was consumed by grosbeaks (24.3% in Celtis; 55.5% in Aphananthe), and only 17.7% (Celtis) and 16.7% (Aphananthe) were removed by frugivorous birds. At the study site, the grosbeak population size fluctuated greatly during the fruiting seasons of both plant species. As for Celtis, predated seed density also fluctuated temporally, and the local population size of grosbeaks was responsible for predated seed density. In Aphananthe, predation was not fully explained by grosbeak populations or plant phenology, but its peak coincided with that of grosbeak population. These results suggest that predispersal seed predation by granivorous birds can have large negative impacts on the bird-dispersed plants. Changes in local population size of granivorous birds can influence predatation and can affect reproductive success of the bird-dispersed plants available to the birds.

Phenology of Zostera caespitosa in Tongyeong on the coast of Korea

  • Yoon, Joon-Sik;Kim, Nam-Gil
    • Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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    • 제24권3호
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    • pp.121-128
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    • 2021
  • The variations of morphological features, density and biomass of vegetative shoots and characteristics of reproductive shoots of Zostera caespitosa were examined in Tongyeong, Korea. Morphological features such as leaf length, width and sheath length of Z. caespitosa showed significant seasonal variation (p < 0.001). The highest aboveground value was recorded in late spring to summer and the lowest value in winter. Density and biomass also showed seasonal variations. Annual average shoot density and biomass of Z. caespitosa were recorded as 1,223.4 leaf m-2 and 5,956.9 g w.w.m-2, respectively, and had the highest value in June and lowest values in November and January. Reproductive shoots were observed from April (13℃) to June (21℃). Pistils erected outside sheath, anther dehiscing and small embryos were found in April. Mature fruit and released seeds were found in May and June. These results suggest that this species had a high growth rate in late spring and early summer (15℃-20℃). Reproductive shoots of Z. caespitosa may initially appear at about 10℃ in spring and seed have been released at about 20℃ in fall.

한국산 해초 포기거머리말, 수거머리말, 애기거머리말과 거머리말의 생물계절학 (Reproductive Phenology of Four Korean Seagrasses, Zostera caespitosa, Z. caulescens, Z. japonica and Z. marina)

  • 이성미;이상룡;최청일
    • Ocean and Polar Research
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    • 제27권2호
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    • pp.125-133
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    • 2005
  • 한반도 연안에 자생하는 거머리말속(Zostera) 해초 4종인 포기거머리말(Z caespitosa), 수거머리말(Z. caulescens), 애기거머리말(Z. japonica), 그리고 거머리말(Z. marina)에 대한 생물계절학과 생식지 특징을 조사하였다. 율포만의 조하대에 혼재하는 포기거머리말과 수거머리말은 2002년 11월부터 2003년 8월까지 조사하였다. 승봉도의 애기거머리말은 조간대 중부에서 하부까지 분포하였으며, 식물체는 2002년 11월부터 2003년 10월까지 채집하였다. 거머리말은 승봉도의 조간대 하부에서부터 간조시 수심 1m 내외의 조하대까지 패치로 분포하였으며, 생물계절학적 특징은 2003년 2월부터 2003년 10월까지 조사하였다. 거머리말속 종들의 유성생식 단계는 개화, 열매, 종자 출현시기와 생식기간이 명확하게 구분되어 나타났다. 포기거머리말의 개화는 2월에서 5월초$(10{\sim}16^{\circ}C)$까지 출현하였지만, 최대 종자는 5월초에 나타났다. 수거리말의 생식지는 1월$(9^{\circ}C)$에 출현하였으며, 개화는 2월부터 6월$(10{\sim}19^{\circ}C)$까지 출현하였다. 애기거머리말의 개화는 7월에서 9월$(18{\sim}22^{\circ}C)$까지 출현하였으며, 종자는 8월부터 9월까지 성숙하였다. 거머리말의 개화는 4월에서 8월$(7{\sim}21^{\circ}C)$까지 출현하였으며, 7월에 종자가 나타났다. 수거머리말의 생식지와 육수화서는 가장 길게 신장하였으며, 개체당 종자 수도 가장 높았다. 거머리말의 생식지는 중간 크기이며, 생식능력이 가장 높게 나타났다. 거머리말속 4종에 대한 생식지의 생식 단계와 생식 능력은 증가하는 수온과 관련된 것으로 판단되었다. 본 연구지역에서 거머리말속 개체군의 생식 전략은 유성 생식 능력이 낮은 다년생의 특징을 보였다.