• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.257-266
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• 2024

Objective: To investigate molecular and functional consequences of additional exposures to iodine- or gadolinium-based contrast agents within 24 hours from the initial intravenous administration of iodine-based contrast agents through an animal study. Materials and Methods: Fifty-six Sprague-Dawley male rats were equally divided into eight groups: negative control, positive control (PC) with single-dose administration of CT contrast agent, and additional administration of either CT or MR contrast agents 2, 4, or 24 hours from initial CT contrast agent injection. A 12 µL/g of iodinated contrast agent or a 0.47 µL/g of gadolinium-based contrast agent were injected into the tail vein. Serum levels of blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, cystatin C (Cys C), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured. mRNA and protein levels of kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) were evaluated. Results: Levels of serum creatinine (SCr) were significantly higher in repeated CT contrast agent injection groups than in PC (0.21 ± 0.02 mg/dL for PC; 0.40 ± 0.02, 0.34 ± 0.03, and 0.41 ± 0.10 mg/dL for 2-, 4-, and 24-hour interval groups, respectively; P < 0.001). There was no significant difference in the average Cys C and MDA levels between PC and repeated CT contrast agent injection groups (Cys C, P = 0.256-0.362; MDA, P > 0.99). Additional doses of MR contrast agent did not make significant changes compared to PC in SCr (P > 0.99), Cys C (P = 0.262), and MDA (P = 0.139-0.771) levels. mRNA and protein levels of KIM-1 and NGAL were not significantly different among additional CT or MR contrast agent groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion: A sufficient time interval, probably more than 24 hours, between repeated contrast-enhanced CT examinations may be necessary to avoid deterioration in renal function. However, conducting contrast-enhanced MRI on the same day as contrast-enhanced CT may not induce clinically significant kidney injury.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.31-38
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• 1968

Hematological surveys using Bendixen's and Goetze's Key for bovine lymphosarcoma were made in dairy herds which have been composed of the cows imported from United States, Canada and Japan, and their calves in the area of Taegu and Chung-Nam. The results obtained were summarized as follows: 1. Of 521 cattle, 15(2.9%) were hematologically positive for lymphosarcoma; 28(5.4%) were suspect with Bendixen's Key, and 7 (1.3%) were positive; 26(5.%) were suspect with Goetze's Key. 2. Of 14 herds, 5 were involved in positive or suspect for lymphosarcoma with Bendixen's and Goetze's Key more than 5 per cent. Of the above 5 herds, 3 were involved in positive or suspect more than 30 per cent. These findings suggest that repeated hematological examinations and continuous clinical observations are required in the herds showed higher level of per cent of positive or suspect.

• 대한정형외과 초음파학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.20-27
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• 2013

족부 및 족관절의 해부학적 구조물은 다른 신체 부위 보다 피부에 가깝게 위치하고 있어서 초음파를 이용한 검사가 유용하다. 그러나 해부학적인 위치와 초음파의 특성을 제대로 이해하지 못한다면 초음파 영상 해석에 오류가 발생할 수 있다. 그러므로 족부 및 족관절에서 초음파 영상을 통한 해부학적인 위치와 특징을 이해하고 반복적인 연습을 통해 초음파의 술기를 습득함으로써 외래에서 빠르고 간편한 진단 기기로 이용할 수 있다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.236-240
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• 1985

A case of Strongyloides stercoralis infection was experienced in a 73-year old Korean female patient, was hospitalized with relapse of cholecystitis. The patient developed cough and dyspnea 17 days after the admission. On the 27th hospitalized day, diarrhoea, nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain started. A number of parasitic larvae were incubated at $25^{\circ}C$ for 2 days. Typical fork tailed filariform larvae of S. stercoralis (Bavay, 1876) Stiles and Hassall, 1902, were identified after cultivation. There was no improvement of diarrhoea after the medication with mebendasole. After the administration of thiabendazole, however, diarrhoea was stopped. On the 6th day of medication, S. stercoralis larvae was no more detected, and thereafter no larva was observed by repeated stool examinations upto 2 months after chemotherapy. The patient had the history of administration of steroid for articular rheumatism. Therfore this ,case seems to be a hyperinfection of S. stercoralis due to an autoinfection and to be the first report on the hyperinfected strongyloidiasis in Korea. Related literature was briefly reviewed.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.169-172
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• 2013

Eagle's syndrome is a disease without a clear lesion that is associated with repeated episodes of pharyngalgia, odynophagia, the sensation of a foreign body in the pharynx, tinnitus, and otalgia in which patients displaying these types of symptoms must be given a differential diagnosis. It is known to be characterized by styloid process elongation or increasing compression to adjacent anatomical structures through stylohyoid ligament calcification. In serious cases, continuous pressure to the carotid artery can lead to a stroke. Diagnosis is confirmed through clinical symptoms, radiological findings, and physical examinations. The most common type of treatment consists of a surgical excision of elongated styloid process. Nonetheless, this study presents a case of treating Eagle's syndrome with conservative management.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.208-211
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• 2021

Gallbladder injuries are rare in cases of blunt abdominal trauma and are usually associated with damage to other internal organs. If the physician does not suspect gallbladder injury and check imaging studies carefully, it may be difficult to distinguish a gallbladder injury from gallbladder stone, hematoma, or bleeding. Therefore, in order not to miss the diagnosis, the clinical findings and correlation should be confirmed. In the present case, a 60-year-old male presented to a local trauma center complaining of pain in the upper right quadrant and chest wall following a motor vehicle collision. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) showed a hepatic laceration and hematoma in the parenchyma in segments 4, 5, and 6 and active bleeding in the lumen of the gallbladder. Traumatic gallbladder injuries generally require surgery, but in this case, non-operative management was possible with cautious follow-up consisting of abdominal CT and angiography with repeated physical examinations and hemodynamic monitoring in the intensive care unit.

• 대한소화기학회지
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• 제72권5호
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• pp.252-257
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• 2018

This guidance is an updated version of the irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) guidelines based on evidence-based medicine. IBS is a common chronic gastrointestinal syndrome that occurs in approximately 10% of the population and causes chronic abdominal pain as well as bowel habit changes, such as stool frequency or consistency. The final diagnosis of IBS is based on the exclusion of organic diseases that would explain the symptoms and the absence of endoscopic abnormalities. IBS can reduce the quality of life and cause a major disease burden, such as repeated examinations and continuous drug use, by mistaking organic diseases including malignancy. The major changes are as follows: 1) when to perform a colonoscopy under the impression of IBS; 2) effect of a low-fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyol diet; 3) impact of probiotics in IBS; and 4) role of antibiotics in IBS. The Korean Society of Neurogastroenterology and Motility recently updated these guidelines to support physicians for qualified medical services and reduce the socioeconomic burden of IBS.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.365-376
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• 2000

연구배경 : 굴곡성 기관지경검사가 임상에 도입된 이후 호흡기계질환의 진단 및 치료에 중요한 역할을 해왔기 때문에 필요에 따라 기관지경검사를 2회 이상 시행하게 되는 경우를 드물지 않게 경험하게 된다. 본 연구에서는 여러가지 적응증을 설정하여 전향적으로, 기관지경검사를 반복적으로 시행한 후 결과를 분석하여 이 검사의 임상적 유의성에 대하여 연구하고자 하였다. 방 법 : 인하대의대 부속병원에서 1996년 7월부터 1998년 11월까지 굴곡성 기관지경검사를 진단적, 또는 치료적인 목적으로 2회 이상 시행한 156명의 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 굴곡성 기관지경검사를 반복적으로 시행하는 적응증은 1) 확진을 위해, 2) 객혈의 부위나 원인 질환을 진단하기 위한 경우, 3) 경과 관찰이나 재발 여부를 확인하기 위한 경우, 4) 치료 목적의 시술을 위한 경우 등으로 분류하였고 각각의 경우에 합당한 환자에서 전향적으로 검사를 시행하여 그 결과를 분석하였다. 결 과 : 반복적 기관지경검사는 23.0%의 비교적 높은 빈도를 보였고 악성질환이나 세포형을 확진하기 위한 검사는 25예로, 이중 2예는 세번째 기관지경검사에서, 3예는 외과적 절제술로 확진되었다. 객혈환자에서는 53.8%에서 출혈부위를 확인하였다. 소세포폐암환자중 3예에서 흉부전산화단층촬영술로도 확인되지 않았던 병변이 잔존 또는 재발한 것올 발견하였으며 병변부위가 협착된 소견을 보였던 기관지결핵 환자에서 다시 시행한 결과 66.7%에서 더 악화된 소견을 보였다. 치료목적으로 다시 시행한 굴곡성 기관지경검사는 모두 126회이었고 이중 기관지 흡인이 69.8%로 가장 많았다. 기관지경검사를 시행하였을 때의 합병증은 검사를 반복함에 따라 점차 감소하는 경향을 보였으나 유의한 차이는 없었다. 결 론 : 악성 질환을 진단하기 위한 검사에서는 21예중 85.7%의 진단율올 보였기 때문에 적절하게 선택된 경우에 유용하였으며 적극적인 검사가 필요할 것으로 생각되었다. 소세포폐암에서는 경과 관찰이나 재발 여부를 확인하는 데에 유용할 가능성을 관찰할 수 있었다. 그러나 객혈이나 기관지결핵 환자에서는 진단이나 치료, 그리고 경과와 명확한 관계가 없기 때문에 반복적인 기관지경검사의 유의성올 확인할 수 없었다.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.36-43
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• 2015

Objectives: Water-soluble carthami flos (WCF) is a new mixture of Carthami flos (CF) pharmacopuncture. We conducted a 4-week toxicity test of repeated intramuscular injections of WCF in Sprague-Dawley rats. Methods: Forty male and 40 female rats were divided into 4 groups of 10 male and 10 female SD rats: The control group received 0.5 mL/animal/day of normal saline whereas the three experimental groups received WCF at doses of 0.125, 0.25, and 0.5 mL/animal/day, respectively. For 4 weeks, the solutions were injected into the femoral muscle of the rats alternating from side to side. Clinical signs, body weights, and food consumption were observed; opthalmological examinations and urinalyses were performed. On day 29, blood samples were taken for hematological and clinical chemistry analyses. Then, necropsy was conducted in all animals to observe weights and external and histopathological changes in the bodily organs. All data were tested using a statistical analysis system (SAS). Results: No deaths were observed. Temporary irregular respiration was observed in male rats of the experimental group for the first 10 days. Body weights, food consumptions, opthalmological examinations, urinalyses, clinical chemistry analyses, organ weights and necropsy produced no findings with toxicological meaning. In the hematological analysis, delay of prothrombin time (PT) was observed in male rats of the 0.25- and the 0.5-mL/animal/day groups. In the histopathological test, a dose-dependent inflammatory cell infiltration into the fascia and panniculitis in perimuscular tissues was observed in all animals of the experimental groups. However, those symptoms were limited to local injection points. No toxicological meanings, except localized changes, were noted. Conclusion: WCF solution has no significant toxicological meaning, but does produce localized symptoms. No observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) of WCF in male and female rats is expected for doses over 0.5 mL/animal/day.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제43권6호
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• pp.401-406
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• 2017

Objectives: Headache is the most common complaint of patients suffering from temporomandibular joint disorders (TMDs). Thus, temporomandibular joint (TMJ) examinations maybe necessary in patients with headache. Considering the high prevalence of bruxism and TMDs in patients with headache the effects of conservative TMD treatment on headache should be assessed. Materials and Methods: Patients were questioned about headaches in the past three months. Those responding affirmatively to this question were examined for TMD and bruxism. After the examinations, 219 patients remained in the study and received self-management instructions. Patients were requested to modify oral habits except when eating or sleeping. The degree of pain (visual analogue scale), headache disability index (HDI), frequency of headaches (FH) per month and TMD intensity were evaluated. Results: The median levels of pain, HDI, FH, and TMD intensity were 8, 44, 8, and 7, respectively, before modifying oral habits and decreased to 4, 24, 2, and 3, respectively, after intervention. These decreases were statistically significant. Conclusion: Having patients maintain free space between the teeth and relax muscles can be an efficient method to treat headache and TMD, especially when repeated frequently.