• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.50 no.6
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• pp.610-614
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• 2023

Necrotizing fasciitis is an uncommon yet fatal soft tissue infection. Current recommended treatment includes antibiotics with repeat surgical exploration and wound debridement followed by reconstruction. In burn patients, the Meek micrograft has demonstrated a higher true expansion ratio, faster reepithelialization rate, more resilient toward infection, and reduced risk of graft failure as compared with meshed graft. To our best knowledge, the use of Meek micrografting technique in reconstruction of postdebridement wounds of necrotizing fasciitis has not been reported. Hereby, we present a case of a 57-year-old gentleman who was referred to us for wound reconstruction after surgical debridement of Fournier's gangrene and extensive necrotizing fasciitis involving the anterior abdomen and bilateral femoral region. Meek micrografting technique was used to reconstruct the anterior abdomen as the wound bed was large. Although the graft was complicated with a small area of localized infection, it did not spread across the entire graft and was successfully treated with topical antibiotics and regular wound dressing. In our case, wound reconstruction using Meek micrografting technique in a patient with extensive necrotizing fasciitis was successful and showed positive outcome. Therefore, we suggest further studies to be conducted to investigate the applications and outcomes of the Meek micrografting technique, especially in patients with extensive wound bed and limited donor site availability.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.751-756
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• 2012

Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) is a powerful tool for the detection of DNA sequences in the specific region of the chromosomes. As well as for the integrated physical mapping, FISH karyotype analysis has to be preceded. Karyotype of Raphanus sativus 'Wonkyo 10039' was analyzed by a dual-color FISH technique; using various repetitive DNA probes, including 5S rDNA, 45S rDNA, and centromere retrotransposon. The length of the somatic metaphase chromosome ranged from 1.35 to $2.06{\mu}m$ with a total length of $15.29{\mu}m$. The chromosome complements comprised of eight pairs of metacentrics and one pair of submetacentric. Bleached DAPI Band analysis revealed a heterochromatin region, covering 28.6% to 50.4% each chromosomes. 5S and 45S rDNA sequences were located on two and three pairs of chromosomes, respectively. The centromere retrotransposon of Brassica (CRB) is a major component in Brassica related species that has been maintained as a common centromere component. CRB signals were detected on the centromere and pericentromeric region of R. sativus 'Wonkyo 10039' and three basic Brassica species (B. rapa, B. nigra, and B. oleracea). These results will provide a valuable background for physical mapping and elucidation of the evolutionary relationship among the Brassica related species.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.146-155
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• 1993

A DNA fragment from an alkali-tolerent Bacillus sp., conferring strong promoter activity, was subcloned into the promoter probe plasmid pPL703 and the nucleotide sequence of this promoter region was determined. The sequence analysis suggested that this highly efficient promoter region containing the complex clustered promoters comprised three kinds of promoters (P1, P2 and P3), which are transcribed by $\sigma^B (formerly \sigma^{37}), \sigma^E(formerly \sigma^{29}) and \sigma^A (formerly \sigma^{43})$ RNA polymerase holoenzymes which play major rules at the onset of endospore formation, during sporulation and at the vegetative phase of growth, respectively. S1 nuclease mapping experiments showed that all three promoters had staggered transcription initiation points. The results of chloramphenicol acetyltransferase assay after the subcloning experiments also indicated that the expression of these clustered promoters was correlated with the programs of growth and endospore development. Promoter P1, P2 and P3 were preceded by 75% AT, 79% AT and 81% AT regions, respectively, and a partial deletion of AT-rich region prevented transcription from promoter P1 in vivo. Two sets of 5 -AGTGTT-3 sequences and inverted repeat sequences located around the promoter P1 were speculated as the possible cis acting sites for the catabolite repression in B. subtilis. In vivo transcripts from these sequence regions may be able to form a secondary structure, however, the possibility that a regulatory protein induced by the excess amount of glucose could be bound to such a domain for crucial action remains to be determined.

• Animal cells and systems
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.227-233
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• 2011

The Nramp1/Slc11a1 locus encodes a proton-coupled divalent cation transporter, expressed in late endosomes/lysosomes of macrophages, that constitutes a component of the innate immune response to combat intracellular pathogens and it was shown to play an important role in regulating inherent immunity. The previously identified Z-DNA forming polymorphic repeat(GT)n in the promoter region of the human Nramp1 gene does act as a functional polymorphism influencing gene expression. Research has shown that INF-${\gamma}$, TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-$1{\beta}$ and bacteria LPS increase the level of Nramp1 expression. However, the molecular mechanism for Nramp1 gene regulation is unclear. In this research, bovine Nramp1 5'-flanking region (-1748~+769) was cloned and analyzed by bioinformatics. Then to find the core promoter and the cis-acting elements, deletion analysis of promoter was performed using a set of luciferase reporter gene constructs containing successive deletions of the bovine Nramp1 5'-flanking regions. Promoter activity analysis by the dual luciferase reporter assay system showed that the core promoter of Nramp1 was located at +58~-89 bp. Some positive regulatory elements are located at -89~-205 bp and -278~-1495 bp. And the repressor elements were in region -205~-278 bp, intron1 and -1495~-1748 bp. LPS-responsive regions were located at -1495~-1748 bp and -278~-205 bp. The present study provides an initial effort to explore the molecular mechanism of transcriptional activation of the bovine Nramp1 gene and should facilitate further studies to decode the complex regulatory process and for molecular breeding for disease resistance in bovines.

• Animal cells and systems
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.259-267
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• 1998

A deletion of one out of the two copies of 9-bp repeat sequence (CCCCCTCTA), between the cytochrome oxidase II and Iysine tranfer RNA (COII/$tRNA^{Lys}$) genes in human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) has been used as a polymorphic anthropological marker for people of east Asian origin, and to lesser extent, Pacific and African populations. We searched for the 9-bp deletion of the intergenic COII/$tRNA^{Lys}$ Lys region in two Korean populations (175 from Seoul and 38 from Cheju) and examine the distibution of this deletion in world populations. The 9-bp deletion was detected directly by electrophoresis of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-amplified nucleotide(nt) 8211-8310 mtDNA fragment. The frequencies of the 9-bp deletion were significantly different between the Seoul (16%) and Cheju (8%) populations. Examination of data from the world populations suggests a geographic gradient. The frequency reaches its highest values in some Pacific island populations and decreases along the southeast Asia-Siberia transect. In spite of this geographic gradient, Mongoloid populations including Korean, Chinese, Japanese, and Mongolian populations were relatively homo-geneous with regard to the 9-bp deletion type of the intergenic COII/$tRNA^{Lys}$ region. These results indicate Koreans are genetically related to northeast Asian populations, and have a maternal mongoloid ancestry. Therefore, the 9-bp deletion of the intergenic COII/$tRNA^{Lys}$ region will provide significant information to elucidate the historical patterns of migration of the Mongoloids.

• Journal of The Geomorphological Association of Korea
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.27-39
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• 2013

This study grasped long-term changing tendency of shoreline during lately about 30 years in five region of South East coast, and analyzed long-term changing tendency of East coast shoreline and the factors that synthesized studies of Central and South East coast. As a result of calculating of shoreline variations using DSAS, each shoreline of Mangyangjeong and Josa region regressed mean 28.9m and 6.4m, but each shoreline of Goraebul, Daejin and Bonggil region progressed mean 25.0m, 10.6m and 18.8m. Synthesizing changing tendency of East coast shoreline, 1) progressive and regressive zones of shoreline in all regions seem to repeat. 2) looking at shoreline of south zone adjacent to lately constructed or extended breakwater progressed, because it is thought due to effect of a longshore current flowing north. 3) zones using beach relatively tends to regress shorelines. 4) progress and regress of shoreline in zones including estuary of stream are various features as change of deposit supply from a upstream region.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.41-54
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• 2023

The blue-tailed damselfly, Ischnura elegans Van der Linden, 1820 (Odonata: Coenagrionidae), is a climate-sensitive indicator species in South Korea. In this study, we sequenced the complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of I. elegans collected from South Korea for subsequent population genetic analysis, particularly to trace population movements in response to climate change. The 15,963 base pair (bp)-long complete mitogenome of I. elegans has typical sets of genes including a major non-coding region (the A+T-rich region), and an arrangement identical to that observed in ancestral insect species. The ATP6, ND3 and ND1 genes have the TTG start codon, which, although rare, is the canonical start codon for animal mitochondrial tRNA. The A/T content was 71.4% in protein-coding genes, 72.1% in tRNAs, 72.9% in the whole genome, 74.7% in srRNA, 75.3% in lrRNA, and 83.8% in the A+T-rich region. The A+T-rich region is unusually long (1,196 bp) and contains two subunits (192 bp and 176-165 bp), each of which is tandemly triplicated and surrounded by non-repeat sequences. Comparison of the sequence divergence among available mitogenomes of I. elegans, including the one from the current study, revealed ND2 as the most variable gene, followed by COII and COI, suggesting that ND2 should be targeted first in subsequent population-level studies. Phylogenetic reconstruction based on all available mitogenome sequences of Coenagrionidae showed a strong sister relationship between I. elegans and I. senegalensis.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.411-416
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• 2016

Next-generation sequencing allows the identification of mutations responsible for mutant phenotypes by whole-genome resequencing and alignment to a reference genome. However, when the resequenced cultivar/line displays significant structural variation from the reference genome, mutations in the genome regions absent in the reference cannot be identified by simple alignment. In this review, we report the current status and prospects in identification of genes in mutant phenotypes, by using the methods MutMap, MutMap-Gap, and MutMap+. These methods delineate a candidate region harboring a mutation of interest, followed by de novo assembly, alignment, and identification of the mutation within genome gaps. These methods are likely to prove useful for cloning genes that exhibit significant structural variations, such as disease resistance genes of the nucleotide-binding site-leucine rich repeat (NBS-LRR) class.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.19-25
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• 1985

The HIS5 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae host was encoded histidinol phosphate aminotransferase(E.C.: 2.6. 1.9). The HIS5 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae was cloned on plasmid pSH 530. This gene mighted be transcripted from a promoter of yeast gene both in E. coli and yeast hosts. We have determined the nucleotide sequence of the yeast HIS5 gene and its 5' and 3' flanking sequences. There are no large differences between the relative levels of HIS5 mRNA molecules with different 5' termini in represent and derepressed cell. In the DNA sequence upstream from the 5' termini of HIS5 mRNA we have found live closely related copies of a 9 base pair sequence. The sequence is also repeated in the 5' noncoding regions of HIS1, HIS3, HIS4, HIS5 and TRP5. Closely related sequence are not found flanking repeat sequence plays a role in the regulation of amino acid biosynthetic genes subject to the general amino acid control.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.24 no.9
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• pp.1189-1195
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• 2014

A strain-specific identification method is required to secure Chlorella strains with useful genetic traits, such as a fast growth rate or high lipid productivity, for application in biofuels, functional foods, and pharmaceuticals. Microsatellite markers based on simple sequence repeats can be a useful tool for this purpose. Therefore, this study developed five novel microsatellite markers (mChl-001, mChl-002, mChl-005, mChl-011, and mChl-012) using specific loci along the chloroplast genome of Chlorella vulgaris. The microsatellite markers were characterized based on their allelic diversities among nine strains of C. vulgaris with the same 18S rRNA sequence similarity. Each microsatellite marker exhibited 2~5 polymorphic allele types, and their combinations allowed discrimination between seven of the C. vulgaris strains. The two remaining strains were distinguished using one specific interspace region between the mChl-001 and mChl-005 loci, which was composed of about 27 single nucleotide polymorphisms, 13~15 specific sequence sites, and (T)n repeat sites. Thus, the polymorphic combination of the five microsatellite markers and one specific locus facilitated a clear distinction of C. vulgaris at the strain level, suggesting that the proposed microsatellite marker system can be useful for the accurate identification and classification of C. vulgaris.