• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.823-826
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• 2013

This case is to report the effect of renal function of chronic kidney disease(CKD) caused by IgA nephropathy. A 37-year-old man visited a Korean medicine hospital, who has been diagnosed with end stage renal disease(ESRD), 5 stage of CKD, caused by IgA nephropathy, has had no improvement of western medical treatment, and wanted to be treated using Korean medicine before renal transplantation. The decrease of creatinine value, the increase of glomerular filtration rate(GFR), and the decrease of CKD stage (5 to 4) was observed after combination treatment of Ikkigeonbiisuhwalhyeoltang and saam acupuncture was applied. This case report is suggested that combination treatment of acupuncture and herbal medicine could be effective to renal function of CKD in spite of a single case.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.50 no.10
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• pp.931-937
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• 2007

The hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) is a rare disease of microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, low platelet count and renal impairment. HUS usually occurs in young children after hemorrhagic colitis by shigatoxin-producing enterohemorrhagic E. coli (D+HUS). HUS is the most common cause of acute renal failure in infants and young children, and is a substantial cause of acute mortality and morbidity; however, renal function recovers in most of them. About 10% of children with HUS do not reveal preceding diarrheal illness, and is referred to as D- HUS or atypical HUS. Atypical HUS comprises a heterogeneous group of thrombomicroangiopathy (TMA) triggered by non-enteric infection, virus, drug, malignancies, transplantation, and other underlying medical condition. Emerging data indicate dysregulation of alternative complement pathway in atypical HUS, and genetic analyses have identified mutations of several regulatory genes; i.e. the fluid phase complement regulator Factor H (CFH), the integral membrane regulator membrane cofactor protein (MCP; CD46) and the serine protease Factor I (IF). The uncontrolled activation of the complement alternative pathway results in the excessive consumption of C3. Plasma exchange or plasma infusion is recommended for treatment of, and has dropped the mortality rate. However, overall prognosis is poor, and many patients succumb to end-stage renal disease. Clinical presentations, response to plasma therapy, and outcome after renal transplantation are influenced by the genotype of the complement regulators. Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP), another type of TMA, occurs mainly in adults as an acquired disease accompanied by fever, neurologic deficits and renal abnormalities. However, less frequent cases of congenital or hereditary TTP associated with ADAMTS-13 (a disintegrin and metalloprotease, with thrombospondin 1-like domains 13) gene mutations have been reported, also. Recent advances in molecular genetics better allow various HUS to be distinguished on the basis of their pathogenesis. The genetic analysis of HUS is important in defining the underlying etiology, predicting the genotype-related outcome and optimizing the management of the patients.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.449-453
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• 1996

A successful resection of dissecting thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm is presented in a patient who had undergone kidney transplantation 20 months previously. Because the transplanted kidney is more sensitive to ischemia than the normal kidney, a femoro-femoral bypass with a pump oxygenator was used for perfusion of the transplanted kidney during crossclamping. During the clamping time of 1)8 minutes, kidney perfusion was maintai ed with a perfusion pressure of (19 to 31) 27mmHg and the flow was 0.53 to 0.81 L/min. 32mm sized Hemashield (22 Cm in length) was interposed. The postoperative course was uncomplicated. We believe that performing the femoro- femoral bypass with a pump oxygenator is an effective and simple method for renal and spinal protection in such operations.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.423-428
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• 2023

The mouse kidney transplantation model serves as an invaluable tool for exploring various aspects of the transplant process, including acute rejection, cellular and humoral rejection, ischemia-reperfusion injury, and the evaluation of novel therapeutic strategies. However, conducting venous anastomosis in this model poses a significant challenge due to the thin and pliable characteristics of the renal vein, which often obstruct clear visualization of the resected vein's edge. This study proposes the adoption of a two stay suture technique to enhance the visualization of the renal vein's edge, thereby facilitating efficient and successful venous anastomosis. A total of 22 mice served as kidney donors in this study. The conventional anchoring suture technique was employed for venous anastomosis in 11 of these mice, while the remaining 11 underwent the two stay suture technique. The anastomosis duration and completion rates were then compared between these two groups. The conventional anchoring suture technique yielded an average anastomosis time of 29 minutes and a completion rate of 64%. In contrast, the two stay suture technique demonstrated a substantial improvement, with an average anastomosis time of 14 minutes and a completion rate of 100%. The two stay suture technique offers a promising solution to enhance visualization during venous anastomosis in murine kidney transplantation. This technique may particularly benefit novices by enabling them to perform venous anastomosis more easily, swiftly, and successfully.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.97-102
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• 1982

Avascular necrosis of bone has become a well-recognized complication of renal transplantation. While preexisting metabolic bone disease, especially hyperparathyroidism, and metabolic disturbances induced by steroids have been implicated as etiological factors, the pathogenesis is controversial. The diagnosis of avascular necrosis of bone had been based on a history of joint pain and radiographic demonstration of bone necrosis. Recently the bone scan using 99mTc-methylene diphosphonate is helpful in determining the early stage of bone necrosis. We report two cases of avascular necrosis of femur head, of which diagnosis was made by the bone scan using 99mTc-methylene diphosphonate.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.79-88
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• 2015

Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) has emerged as one of the most promising biomarkers of renal epithelial injury. Numerous studies have presented the diagnostic and prognostic utility of urinary and plasma NGAL in patients with acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease, renal injury after kidney transplantation, and other renal diseases. NGAL is a member of the lipocalin family that is abundantly expressed in neutrophils and monocytes/macrophages and is a mediator of the innate immune response. The biological significance of NGAL to hamper bacterial growth by sequestering iron-binding siderophores has been studied in a knock-out mouse model. Besides neutrophils, NGAL is detectable in most tissues normally encountered by microorganisms, and its expression is upregulated in epithelial cells during inflammation. A growing number of studies have supported the clinical utility of NAGL for detecting invasive bacterial infections. Several investigators including our group have reported that measuring NGAL can be used to help predict and manage urinary tract infections and acute pyelonephritis. This article summarizes the biology and pathophysiology of NGAL and reviews studies on the implications of NGAL in various renal diseases from acute kidney injury to acute pyelonephritis.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.205-219
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• 1998

Statistical analyses have been perf7rm7d to find factors affecting chronic renal allograft dysfunction for 114 renal transplanted patients. Renal function was evaluated using serum creatinine values every three months during 1 year to 5 years after transplantation. Statistical models for the repeated measures were considered to evaluate factors affecting the reciprocal of serum creatinine values. This paper focuses on some common problems on the choice of correlation matrices occurred in the analysis of repeated measures.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.84 no.6
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• pp.1198-1210
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• 2023

The extent of renal biopsy indication is being widened because of the increasing incidence of incidental renal masses; the increasing treatment options for renal cell carcinoma, including ablation therapy and novel targeted treatment; and the increasing incidence of kidney transplantation. However, percutaneous renal biopsy is technically difficult, particularly for beginners, because the skin-to-organ distance is relatively longer than those associated with other organs. In the present review, we will discuss the indications, technical considerations, efficacy, and complications of renal biopsy. Furthermore, we share practical tips of renal biopsy through many examples to help radiologists perform renal biopsy safely and effectively in various situations.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.48-51
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• 2018

We report the case of a 46-year-old Chinese male patient who visited our clinic complaining of infertility. Semen analysis revealed azoospermia, and azoospermia factor c region partial deletion (b1/b3) was detected using Y chromosome microdeletion analysis. Testicular sperm extraction was performed after genetic counseling. The bilateral ductus deferens and a portion of the epididymis were absent, whereas the remaining epididymis was expanded. Motile intratesticular spermatozoa were successfully extracted from the seminiferous tubule. On histopathology, nearly complete spermatogenesis was confirmed in almost every seminiferous tubule. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of b1/b3 deletion with a congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens and almost normal spermatogenesis.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.44-47
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• 2018

Onco-testicular sperm extraction is used to preserve fertility in patients with bilateral testicular tumors and azoospermia. We report the case of a testicular tumor in the solitary testis of a patient who had previously undergone successful contralateral orchiectomy and whose sperm was preserved by onco-testicular sperm extraction. A 35-year-old patient presented with swelling of his right scrotum that had lasted for 1 month. His medical history included a contralateral orchiectomy during childhood. Ultrasonography revealed a mosaic echoic area in his scrotum, suggesting a testicular tumor. The lesion was palpated within the normal testicular tissue along its edge and semen analysis showed azoospermia. Radical inguinal orchiectomy and onco-testicular sperm extraction were performed simultaneously. Motile spermatozoa were extracted from normal seminiferous tubules under microscopy and were frozen. Eventual intracytoplasmic sperm injection using the frozen spermatozoa is planned. Onco-testicular sperm extraction is an important fertility preservation method in patients with bilateral testicular tumors or a history of a previous contralateral orchiectomy.