• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.125-132
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• 1998

목 적 : 초기만성신부전증에서 저단백식이를 항고혈압제와 병행 투여하였을 때 저단백식이 단독 투여 때보다 만성신부전의 진행속도 및 혈압조절에 어떠한 영향을 주는지 알기 위하여 저자들은 실험동물 백서를 이용하여 excision remnant kidney model로 만성 신부전을 유발시켰다. 방 법 : 5/6신 절제술로 만성 신부전을 유발시킨 백서를 순술 제 7일부터 무작위로 저단백식이 ($6\%$단백식이) 단독투여군, 저단백식이 enalapril 투여군 (식수 1 L당 50 mg),저단백식이 nicardipine 투여군 (사료 g당 0.2mg)로 나누어 신절제술후 4주, 12주, 16주에 단백뇨의 변화, 신 조직의 mesangial matrix expansion score 및 morphometric analysis로 분석한 사구체용적의 변화를 비교 분석하였다. 결 과 : 1)저단백식이 단독투여군은 신절제술후 계속 혈압이 증가됨을 볼 수 있었으며, 저단백식이 항고혈압제투여군은 신절제술후 8주부터 항고혈압제 투여 7주 후부터 저단백식이 단독투여군에 비해 혈압이 조절되기 시작하였다. 2)신절제술후 16주 째의 24시간 뇨단백은 세군 모두 크게 증가되지 않았으나 저단백식이 enalapril 투여군, 저단백식이 nicardipine투여군은 저단백식이 단독투여군에 비해 24시간 뇨단백의 양이 통계적으로 의미있게 낮았다. 3) 신절제술후 16주째 크레아티닌 청소 율은 저단백식이 단독투여군은 $1.57{\pm}0.11\;mL/min$, 저단백식이 enalapril 투여군 $1.37{\pm}0.14\;mL/min$, 저단백식이 nicardipine 투여군 $1.11{\pm}0.16\;ml/min$ 이었다. 4) 저단백식이 단독투여군의 잔여 신장무게는 신절제술후 4주 $1.33{\pm}0.04g$, 12주 $1.45{\pm}0.05g$, 16주 $1.44{\pm}0.16g$으로 12주 이후 잔여 신장무게의 증가를 관찰할 수 없었다. .신절제술후 16주에 관찰한 저단백식이 단독투여군과 저단백식이 항고혈압제투여군간의 잔여 신장무게는 통계적인 차이는 없었다. 5) 저단백식이 단독투여군의 mesangial matrix expansion score는 12주째 증가소견을 보였고 저단백식이 항고혈압제투여군은 항고혈압제 투여에도 불구하고 12주 이후 mesangial matrix expansion score의 의미있는 증가소견이 없었고 세군 간의 차이도 없었다. 6) 저단백식이 단독투여군의 사구체용적은 12주째 증가소견을 보였고 저단백식이 항고혈압제 투여군은 항고혈압제 투여에도 불구하고 12주 이후 사구체용적의 의미있는 증가소견이 없었고 세군 간의 차이도 없었다. 결 론 : 초기만성신부전증에서 저단백식이는 혈압을 조절시키지 못하였고 저단백식이 항고혈압제투여군은 저단백식이 단독투여군보다 혈압조절 및 단백뇨의 감소 소견은 유의한 차이를 보였으나, mesangial matrix expansion score,대상성 사구체비대는 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 그러므로 만성신부전의 진행을 지연시키는데 있어서 저단백식이와 함께 항고혈압제를 추가하였을 때 항고혈압제에 의한 추가적인 지연 효과는 관찰되지 않았다.

• 보험의학회지
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• 제28권1_2호
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• pp.11-14
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• 2009

It is common to find cerebral infarct and hemorrhage without definite neurologic signs but with lesions on neuroimaging. These lesions are called silent lacunar infarct and cerebral microbleed. Silent lacunar infarct are frequently seen in the elderly and are associated with clinically apparent stroke and vascular dementia. Known stroke risk factors, such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, smoking, hypercholesterolemia and heart problems may increase the risk of silent lacunar infarct. Metabolic syndrome, homocysteinemia, renal failure and intima media thickness(IMT) are also other risk factors of the silent lacunar infarct. Cerebral microbleed, lacunar infarct and intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH) have similar pathology and pathogenesis. So, cerebral microbleed are coexisted with lacunar infarct, leukoaraiosis, hypertensive ICH and vascular dementia. Cerebral microbleed are associated with volume and recurrence of ICH. Also cerebral microbleed may reflect baseline status of blood brain barrior disruption. Silent lacunar infarct and cerebral microbleed are very important to clinical management, but in the aspect of insurance medicine and independent medical examiners, these lesions are not subject of evaluation for handicap.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.237-243
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• 2012

This study was undertaken to know the effect of fat diet (for eight weeks) on changes of inflammatory markers [tumor necrosis factor (TNF-${\alpha}$) and prostaglandin $E_2$ ($PGE_2$)] and blood coagulation system [platelet aggregation function (PAF), prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)] in rats. Serum TNF-${\alpha}$, $PGE_2$, biochemical markers, PAF, PT, aPTT, and body weight were measured and compared between the control (normal diet-rats) and the fat group (fat diet-rats). The weights in the fat group were higher than those of the control group. TNF-${\alpha}$, $PGE_2$, glucose, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and creatinine levels were greater in the fat group compared with the control group. The degree of platelet aggregation was lower, whereas PT and aPTT levels were longer in the fat group than in the control group. These findings have shown that fat diet may cause inflammatory response, diabetes, liver and renal dysfunction, and disturbances of fibrinolysis and coagulation system.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제69권4호
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• pp.298-302
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• 2010

Scedosporium apiospermum, the anamorph of Pseudallescheria boydii, is a ubiquitous saprophytic fungus. S. apiospermum can cause life-threatening infections usually in immunocompromised patients or after near-drowning incidents. Here, we report the first case of disseminated infection caused by S. apiospermum after near-drowning in Korea. A 44-year-old healthy man developed aspiration pneumonia, followed by multiple brain abscesses, and endopthalmitis, after a near-drowning incident in a septic tank. S. apiospermum infection was diagnosed on the 33rd day after the incident had occurred. The patient died from the progressive renal failure 255 days after incident, although he had been treated with voriconazole.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제58권4호
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• pp.389-392
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• 2015

Brown tumors also called as osteoclastomas, are rare nonneoplastic lesions that arise in the setting of primary or secondary hyperparathyroidism. Parathyroid adenomas or hyperplasia constitute the major Brown tumor source in primary hyperparathyroidism while chronic renal failure is the leading cause in secondary hyperparathyroidism. Most of the patients with the diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism present with kidney stones or isolated hypercalcemia. However, nearly one third of patients are asymptomatic and hypercalcemia is found incidentally. Skeletal involvement such as generalized osteopenia, bone resorption, bone cysts and Brown tumors are seen on the late phase of hyperparathyroidism. The symptoms include axial pain, radiculopathy, myelopathy and myeloradiculopathy according to their locations. Plasmocytoma, lymphoma, giant cell tumors and metastates should be ruled out in the differential diagnosis of Brown tumors. Treatment of Brown tumors involve both the management of hyperparathyroidism and neural decompression. The authors report a very rare spinal Brown tumor case, arisen as the initial manifestation of primary hyperparathyroidism that leads to acute paraparesis.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.159-164
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• 2005

Effects of antioxidants on the established nephropathy were investigated. The experimental nephropathy was induced in rats by intravenous injection of adriamycin (2 mg/kg). Six weeks later, when proteinuria was apparent, the rats were supplemented with N-acetylcysteine (NAC, 1 g/kg/day) in drinking water for additional 6 weeks. Glomerulosclerosis score and tubulointerstitial injury index were determined by light microscopy. Expression of transforming growth factor (TGF) ${\beta}1$ and laminin ${\beta}1$ was determined in the renal cortex by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and immunogold electron microscopy. The adriamycin-induced proteinuria as well as the glomerulosclerosis and tubulointerstitial injury was ameliorated by the treatment with NAC. Adriamycin increased the expression of TGF ${\beta}1$ mRNA and protein, which was ameliorated by NAC. Although the expression of laminin ${\beta}1$ mRNA was increased, adriamycin did not significantly alter that of its protein. These results indicate that antioxidants ameliorate the established nephropathy in association with normalization of overexpressed TGF ${\beta}1$.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제51권4호
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• pp.386-389
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• 2001

An endobronchial metastasis is defined as a subsegmental or a more proximal central bronchial metastasis of a nonpulmonary neoplasm in the bronchoscopically visible range. However, the frequencies of endobronchial metastasis range from 2 to 50% of pulmonary metastases from extrathoracic neoplasms by a different definition of an endobronchial metastasis. Primary neoplasms of an endobronchial metastasis including breast cancer, colon cancer, renal cell carcinoma, and ovarian cancer are relatively common. However, an endobronchial metastasis arising from thyroid cancer, parotid gland tumor, bone tumor, bladder cancer, and stomach cancer has only rarely been reported in the literature. Here we report a case of an endobrochial metastases from a hepatocellular carcinoma.

• Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.150-153
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• 2009

Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis is an uncommon chronic renal infection, which is usually found on middle-aged women and is rare in infant. Sometimes it forms focal mass like lesion of kidney with pathologically characteristic lipid-laden macrophage. A 1-month female infant was admitted for fever and moaning sound. On work-up of urinary tract infection, abdomen ultrasonography and computed tomography revealed a large mass on the upper portion of right kidney and PET/CT showed homogeneously increased $^{18}F$-FDG uptake. The radical nephrectomy of right kidney was performed and histology revealed a focal xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis. To our knowledge, this is the first report presenting the finding of $^{18}F$-FDG PET/CT in the childhood xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.369-374
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• 1995

Aujeszky's disease virus(ADV) was inoculated intranasally into the Korean native goats to investigate pathological findings and pathogenesis of ADV infection by using of histological and immunohistochemical methods and in situ hybridization(ISH). Clinical signs of salvation, pyrexia, pruritus and staggering were followed by death with five days after inoculation, Pathoanatomical findings were edema of the lung and the urinary bladder with hemorrhage and congestion, petechial hemorrhages on the endo-and epicardium, renal congestion, moderate splenomegaly and cystic edema. Main microsocpic lesions observed in all infected goats were confined to the CNS and charcterized by perivascular cuffing with lymphocytes and macrophages, focal gliosis, neuronal degeneration and necrosis, and intranuclear inclusion bodies in the neurons and glial cells. Positive reactions to ADV were detected more frequently in the nuclei than in the cytoplasms of infected nerve cells in the CNS by immunohistochemistry and ISH. Frequenctly localized sites of ADV in the CNS were olfactory bulb, prietal cortex, callosal sulcus and corpus callosum. Positive reactions were also detected in the tonsillar epithelium, and alveolar macrophage and sloughed epithelium of the lung.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.63-68
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• 2010

Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is a rare, cystic lung disease that is associated with mutation in the tuberous sclerosis genes, renal angiomyolipomas, lymphatic spread and a remarkable female gender predilection. The pathology of LAM is represented by the proliferation of immature smooth muscle cells in the walls of airways, and venules and lymphatic vessels in the lung. The clinical course of LAM is characterized by progressive dyspnea on exertion, recurrent pneumothorax and collections of chylous fluid. The diagnosis of pulmonary LAM can be made on chest X-ray, a high-resolution CT scan and lung biopsy. We experienced a case of pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis in a 28-years-old female patient who had suffered from progressive dyspnea on exertion, so we report on it along with a brief review of the relevant literature.