• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.44-52
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• 2000

SKP-450 which is $K^{+}$ channel opener, When given into duodenum, exhibited the decline of urine flow accompanied with the decrease of glomerular filtration rates (GFR), renal plasma flow (RPF), N $a^{+}$ and $K^{+}$ excreated in the urine ( $E_{Na}$ , $E_{K}$) and the increase of $K^{+}$N $a^{+}$ratios, and then appeared the significant fall of mean arterial pressure (MAP) and unchanged of reabsorption rates of N $a^{+}$, $K^{+}$ in renal tubules ( $R_{Na}$ , $R_{K}$). SKP- 450 injected into the vein elicited the decline of urine flow along with the reduction of $E_{Na}$ , $E_{K}$, and the increase of $R_{Na}$ , $R_{K}$ and $K^{+}$M $a^{+}$ ratios. SKP-450 administered into a renal artery produced diuretic action along with the increase of $E_{Na}$ , $E_{K}$ and the decrease of $R_{Na}$ , $R_{K}$ in experimental kidney, whereas produced the same aspect to intravenous SKP-450 in the control kidney. Above results suggest that SKP-450 possess both diuretic action in the kidney and central antidiuretic action in dog.tic action in dog.tion in dog.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.52-56
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• 2011

Acute renal injury induced by ischemia is a major cause of high morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients and a common complication in hospitalized patients. Thus, the work with acute renal failure and renal ischemia has been studied for many years. Although serum creatinine concentration that is widely used as an index of renal function performs fairly well for estimating kidney function in patients with stable chronic kidney disease, it performs poorly in the setting of acute disease. Thus, an ideal biomarker for acute kidney injury would help clinicians and scientists diagnose the most common form of acute kidney injury in hospitalized patients, acute tubular necrosis, early and accurately, and may aid to risk-stratify patients with acute kidney injury by predicting the need for renal replacement therapy, the duration of acute kidney injury, the length of stay and mortality. In this study, renal ischemia and reperfusion were performed by clapming and un-clamping right renal artery in miniature pigs. Plasma blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine were examined at pre- clamping, after-clamping at 0, 1 and 3 hours. And we searched initial indicators in these samples. Also, renal tissue was collected and searched the initial indicator by PCR and western blotting. As a result, hypoxia inducible factor $1{\alpha}$ ($HIF1{\alpha}$), nuclear factor kappa-B ($NF{\kappa}B$), $I{\kappa}B$, erythropoietin (EPO), erythropoietin receptor (EPOR), angiopoietin-1 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were showed significant changes among the renal protein. $HIF1{\alpha}$, EPO, and EPOR were showed significant changes among the renal gene. Thus, these markers will be used as initial diagnosis of acute renal failure.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제48권4호
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• pp.380-382
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• 2010

The authors present an extremely rare case of a pseudoaneurysm of the ulnar artery as a complication of a two-portal endoscopic carpal tunnel release (ECTR). A 70-year-old man with chronic renal failure and on maintenance hemodialysis with a left arteriovenous fistula presented with paresthesia of his right hand. A clinical diagnosis of right carpal tunnel syndrome was confirmed by ultrasonography and an electro physiologic study. He underwent two-portal ECTR, and the paresthesia was much improved. However, he presented to us one month after operation with severe pain, a tender mass distal to the right wrist crease and more aggravation of the paresthesia in the ulnar nerve distribution. Doppler ultrasound was performed and revealed a hypo echoic lesion 20 mm in diameter in the right palm, with arterial Doppler flow inside connected to the palmar segment of the ulnar artery. An ulnar artery pseudoaneurysm was diagnosed and treated by ultrasound-guided percutaneous thrombin injection. Transverse color Doppler ultrasound image showed complete thrombosis of the pseudoaneurysm and flow cessation after a total injection of 500 units of thrombin. The symptoms were also improved.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.363-375
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• 1989

It has been well known that peripheral infusion of angiotensin II results in an increase of blood pressure, and an elevation of aldosterone secretion, and an inhibition of renin relase. However, the direct effect of angiotensin II on renal function has not been clearly established. In the present study, to investigate the effect of angiotensin II on renal function and renin release, angiotensin II (0.3, 3 and 10 ng/kg/min) was infused into a unilateral renal artery of the unanesthetized rabbit and changes in renal function and active and inactive renin secretion rate (ARSR, IRSR) were measured. In addition, to determine the relationship between the renal effect of angiotensin II and adenosine, the angiotensin II effect was evaluated in the presence of simultaneously infused 8-phenyltheophylline (8-PT, 30 nmole/min), adenosine A 1 receptor antagonist. Angiotensin II infusion at dose less than 10 ng/kg/min decreased urine flow, clearances of para-amino-hippuric acid and creatinine, and urinary excretion of electrolytes in dose-dependent manner. The changes in urine flow and sodium excretion were significantly correlated with the change in renal hemodynamics. Infusion of angiotensin II at 10 ng/kg/min also decreased ARSR, but it has no significant effect on IRSR. The change in ARSR was inversely correlated with the change in IRSR. The plasma concentration of catecholamine was not altered by an intarenal infusion of angiotensin II. In the presence of 8-PT in the infusate, the effect of angiotensin II on renal function was significantly attenuated, but that on renin secretion was not modified. These results suggest that the reduction in urine flow and Na excretion during intrarenal infusion of angiotensin II was not due to direct inhibitions of renal tubular transport systems, but to alterations of renal hemodynamics which may partly be mediated by the adenosine receptor.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.59-69
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• 1971

Studies were undertaken on the changes in the renal blood flow by relating them with the alterations in the amplitudes in the rheogram of rabbits. The changing pattern of the electrical conductivity was recorded by means of the needle electrodes inserted into the kidney and the surrounding aluminium foil which was grounded. The Impedance Rheograph manufactured by the Narco Company was used. The small artifact which persisted after ligation of the renal vessels was subtracted from the value obtained in each pulsatile wave in the rheogram. The animals were nembutalized intravenously, 30 mg/kg. A plastic canule was inserted into the carotid artery and the arterial blood pressure was monitored continuously with the pressure transducer connected to the physiograph. Stepwise bleedings were performed on the animal. The first bleeding was between 13 to 18 ml in the amount, and it was folowed by consecutive hemorrhages, 5 or 10 ml each time. The total amount of bleeding was summed as much as 1.5-2% of the body weight. Two minutes fter each bleeding th arterial blood pressure, ECG and the rheogram were taken. That was the necessary time to obtain the stabilized picture of each parameter. After closing the bleeding process, the shed blood was retransfused into the animal and the response in the renal blood flow was observed as well as the arterial blood pressure. Particularly the presence or absence of the autoregulatory mechanism in the situation of the hemorrhage was also studied. The results obtained were as follows: 1. In 7 cases out of 22, that was about one third of the total number of experiments, the autoregulatory mechanism of the renal blood flow persisted even in acute hemorrhage, and the decreases in the renal blood flow were less than 10% of the control values even when the arterial blood pressure dropped to 66-87% of the original value obtained before the bleeding. 2. Because of the stepwise bleeding the exact blood pressure at which the renal blood flow reduced as much as one third of the control value could not be obtained. However, the results revealed that the approximate pressure, expressed as percentage of the control value, was 50-60% in 3 cases, 61-70% in 4 cases and 71-80% in 8 cases. In one case the decrease in the renal blood flow exceeded one third of the control value before the pressure dropped to 80% of the control. 3. In 19 cases the decreases in the renal blood flow exceeded one half of the control values by hemorrhage. Then the arterial blood pressure revealed less than 40% of the control value in 6-cases. In 2 cases the pressure was 51-60% of the control pressure. In 5 cases the range of bleed pressure was 61-70%, and in e remaining 6 cases the pressure ranged from 71 to 80% of e control value. 4. Out of 15 cases of retransfusion after definite decreases in the renal blood flow loller·ing the hemorrhage, 9 cases restored their renal blood flow. On the contrary 6 cases showed low values even when the shed blood was retransfused. 5. Theories concerning the mechanism of the autoregulation of the renal blood flow were reviewed for the purpose of explanation of the results obtained. However, there are much to be done before greater satisfaction

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.146-151
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• 2005

배경: 수술 전 크레아티닌이 상승된 환자에서 심폐기를 이용한 관상동맥 우회술은 수술 후 사망률과 이환율이 증가라는 위험을 가지고 있다. 저자들은 최근에 수술 전 크레아티닌 치가 상승된 환자에서 신장기능의 변화를 조사하고 그에 대한 적절한 처치를 알아보았다. 대상 및 방법: 최근 심폐기를 이용하여 관상동맥 우회술을 한 74예 중 수술 전 일주일 이내에 1.5 mg/dL이상의 혈청 크레아티닌치를 가진 환자 11예를 대상으로 분석하였다. 이 중 크레아티닌 치가 2.0 mg/dL이상인 환자가 7예였고 그중 3예는 수술 전 혈액 투석을 받고 있는 환자였다 후자의 3예에서는 수술전날에 혈액투석을 하였다. 혈액투석을 받던 환자나 수술 후 급성신부전이 발생한 환자에서는 체액량 및 크레아티닌의 조절을 위해 수술 직후 복막투석을 시작하였다 결과: 관상동맥 우회술을 받은 모든 환자에서 수술 전보다 수술 후 크레아티닌치의 상승을 보였으며 퇴원 시에 수술 전 크레아티닌치로 회복되었다. 2.0mg/dL 이상의 크레아티닌치를 가진 환자 4예 중 2예와 혈액투석을 받던 3예에서는 수술 후 복막투석만으로 체액량과 크레아티닌치를 조절할 수 있었고 혈청 전해질치도 유지할 수 있었다 결론: 관상동맥우회술 후 일시적으로 크레아티닌치가 상승하며, 급성신부전이 발생한 환자나 수술 전 혈액투석을 받던 환자에서는 수술 후 복막투석만으로도 체액 량과 크레아티닌치의 조절이 가능하였다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제40권8호
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• pp.582-586
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• 2007

48세 남자 환자가 조절되지 않는 고혈압 및 좌측 하지통증을 주소로 내원하였다. 컴퓨터 단층 혈관조영술에서 동맥경화에 의한 양쪽 신장동맥 폐쇄와 좌측 총장골동맥 폐쇄가 관찰되었으며, 2개월간의 내과적 치료로도 호전되지 않아 수술을 시행하였다. 수술은 8 mm 인공도관을 이용하여 대동맥-양측 신동맥간 우회수술 및 대동맥-좌측 대퇴동맥간 우회수술을 시행하였다. 수술 후 10개월간 1종류의 항고혈압제(안지오텐신 수용체 억제제)와 항응고제만 사용하면서 정상적인 혈압을 유지하고 있다. 수술을 통한 신혈관성 고혈압의 치료는 중재적 시술기법 및 약물치료의 발달 및 최근 감소하는 경향이나, 광범위한 동맥경화가 동반된 경우에는 수술치료가 필요하다. 본 증례는 광범위한 동맥경화에 의한 신혈관성 고혈압 및 좌측장골동맥 폐쇄 환자에 대한 수술치료로 좋은 결과를 얻었기에 보고하는 바이다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.443-448
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• 1986

Aortic dissection is a serious disease that mortality does not approach to zero despite of medical and surgical improvement. Recently two cases of aortic dissection were treated with good results by the two other methods. Case 1 [57-Y-0-Male]; Chief complaint was chest pain radiating to the back. Preoperatively he was controlled by Minipress, dichlotride, & sodium nitroprusside. Aortography showed DeBakey Type III aortic dissection extending from just below the Lt. subclavian artery to the proximal portion of the origin of the renal artery. Through the midline long incision Flow reversal & Thrombo-exclusion method was used, and bypass course was proximal anastomosis at the ascending aorta - through the Rt. thoracic cavity - midportion of the diaphragm - posterior to the liver, stomach, & pancreas - distal anastomosis at the abdominal aorta proximal to its bifurcation. Bypass graft was preclotted 20 mm Dacron Woven Graft, and the aortic arch between the Lt. subclavian artery & Lt. common carotid artery was divided and meticulously sutured. Control aortogram which was done at 4th postoperative month revealed obstruction of the false lumen by thrombosis, and complications were not noticed. Case 2 [53-Y-0-Male]; Chief complaint was chest pain radiating to the abdomen. DeBakey Type III aortic dissection which was similar to the case 1 was detected by the aortography, and involvement of the Lt. subclavian & common carotid arteries was suspicious. Through the Lt. posterolateral thoracotomy the Ringed Intraluminal Sutureless Graft, No. 22 mm, was inserted from just below the Lt. common carotid artery to the midportion of the descending thoracic aorta under total circulation arrest using a F-F bypass, and the Lt. subclavian artery was ligated. Postoperatively hospital course was uneventful with antihypertensive drugs, and any specific complications were not noticed.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.181-185
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• 2003

Whether there exists a sympathetic neural regulation on the aquaporin (AQP) channels in the kidney was examined. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were used. They were renal nerve denervated by stripping the nervous and connective tissues passing along the renal artery and vein, and painting these vessels with 10% phenol solution through a midline abdominal incision. Three days later, the expression of AQP1-4 proteins in the denervated kidneys was determined. The content of norepinephrine was found significantly decreased following the denervation. Accordingly, the expression of AQP2 proteins was markedly decreased. The expression of AQP3 and AQP4 was also slightly but significantly decreased, while that of AQP1 was not. Neither the basal nor the AVP-stimulated accumulation of cAMP was significantly affected in the denervated kidney. It is suggested that the sympathetic nervous system has a tonic stimulatory effect on AQP channels in the kidney.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.225-231
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• 1998

This studies were performed for investigation of mechanism on central antidiuretic action of L$_{G}$-Nitro-L-arginine (L-NOARG), nitic oxide systhase inhibitor, in dog. Antidiuretic action of L-NOARG infused into the carotid artery was not affected by renal denervation but inhibited by pretreatment with arginine, NO Precusor. Furthermore, L-NOARG inhibited the diuretic action of dopamine induced by hemodynamic development. Above results suggest that antidiuretic actions of L-NOARG mediated by endogenous substances not associated with renal nerve. Therefore, it is demonstrated that those endogenous substances might be associated with NO which mediate the diuretic action of dopamine.e.