• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
• /
• v.12 no.4
• /
• pp.541-554
• /
• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to provide basic data for the improvement of the quality in the emergency nursing services by investigating the expectation level and actual received level with nursing care and identifying the factors that influence patient satisfaction with the emergency nursing care in the military hospitals. Method: Using a self report questionnaire, data were collected from 150 patients who had been admitted in military hospitals emergency department. The data collection was done between April 17 and April 30, 2006. At least, 145 questionnaires were analyzed and used in this study. Results: The average sum score was 61.93 out of 76 with standard deviation 9.590. The mean of the patient's expectation levels with the overall emergency nursing services was $(3.25{\pm}.504)$ out of the highest score 4. the average sum score was 63.27 out of 76 with standard deviation 9.902. The mean score of the patient's actual levels with the overall emergency nursing services was $(3.33{\pm}.521)$ out of the highest score 4. Conclusion: nursing management strategies must be established to remove patient's dissatisfaction factors and to improve the emergency nursing care quality through continuous measurement and assessment of the patient's satisfaction with emergency nursing services in military hospitals.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• v.13 no.5
• /
• pp.698-701
• /
• 2000

To prevent surface and underground water pollution, wastewater treatment is essential. Four bench-scale activated sludge units (10 L operational volumes) were operated at 5, 10 and $20^{\circ}C$ for evaluation of treatment efficiencies with typical wastewater from swine housing. The units were set for a 24-hour cycle. As compared to the conventional process, high removal efficiencies for organic substances, nitrogen and phosphorus in swine wastewater were obtained simultaneously with an intermittent aeration process (lAP). The NOx-N produced during an aeration period was immediately reduced to nitrogen gas (e.g. $N_2$ or $N_2O$) in the subsequent non-aeration periods, and nitrification in aeration periods occurred smoothly. Under these conditions, phosphorus removal occurred with the release of phosphorus during the non-aeration periods followed by the excess uptake of phosphorus in the activated sludge during aeration periods. It was confirmed that the lAP had a better ability to remove pollutants under both low temperatures and high nitrogen loading conditions than the ordinary method did. In addition to that, the total emission of $N_2O$ from lAP was reduced to approximately 1/50 of the conventional process for the same loading. By adopting an adequate aeration programme for individual swine wastewater treatment, this system will provide a promising means for nitrogen and phosphorus control without pH control or addition of methanol.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
• /
• v.30 no.4
• /
• pp.324-328
• /
• 2014

Aberrant anatomy of mandibular premolars is very rare in Korean, but aberration can contribute the endodontic failure as it makes difficult to remove the irritants during cleaning and shaping procedure. This case report describes the successful root canal treatment of a rare mandibular first premolar with C-shaped root canal as using a cone-beam computed tomography to understand the internal shape of root canal system and a dental operating microscope to improve the magnification and illumination.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
• /
• v.23 no.6
• /
• pp.1627-1638
• /
• 1998

In this paper, we made reaserch into an effective pricing policy for competitive structure on telephone market in Korea by using that of foreign examples and what level of price gap between esisting service provider and new service provider is adequate by using a stochastical analysis. Simulation result shows to remove the existing service provider under current telecommunication structure in Korea, rapid increase of telephone service is needed. And to consolidata competition, the existing service provider, Korea Telecom, shall be run by private management. Futhermore, local call service and long-distance call service shall be separated.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
• /
• v.15 no.5
• /
• pp.565-576
• /
• 2012

Cost estimates are necessary for government acquisition program to support decisions about funding, to develop annual budget requests and to validate resource requirements at key decision points. Many researches have been done about cost estimating technique recently. Parametric cost estimating models based on CERs(Cost Estimating Relationships) have been mainly used using regression method with historical data. However, there are many restrictions in developing Korean version CERs because the number of data points are too small. Specially, data collection and data management system are unstable in Korean defense environment, when developing CERs. In this research, we analyzed the historical data, and found some cost drivers in guided weapon system area. We developed the Acquisition Unit Cost CER using the regression to remove multicollinearity in the historical data. So we could overcome the restriction of the insufficient sample number. This research as a first attempt is meaningful in terms of obtaining our own Acquisition Unit Cost CER using historical cost and physical characteristic in Korean development environment.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
• /
• v.12 no.5
• /
• pp.185-190
• /
• 2021

An electrolyzed-acidic water treatment was investigated as a methods for removing ammonia, which is a cause of odor in life environment. The prepared electrolyzed-acidic water was found out as stable solvent capable of neutralizing weak alkaline ammonia by measuring changes in pH and ORP. It was found out that ammonia was removed from the mixture solution of electrolyzed-acidic water and ammonia water by the UV-vis absorbance analysis and electrochemical open-circuit potential measurement. The neutralized ammonia by electrolyzed-acidic water and effectively removed odor was measured using ammonia gas detecter. Consequently, we recommend the electrolyzed-acidic water can effectively and safely remove ammonia in eco-friendly.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
• /
• v.7 no.2
• /
• pp.137-141
• /
• 2001

Thyroglossal duct cyst is ectodermal remnant, which may develop along the line of descent of the thyroid gland from the foramen cecum of the tongue to the pyramidal lobe of the thyroid gland. Meticulous dissection of the cyst and duct, along with the body of the hyoid bone is necessary to avoid recurrence. Eighty-one patients with thyroglossal duct cyst treated at Hanyang University Hospital between January 1980 and December 2000 were reviewed to determine the incidence and to analyze the result of management. The male-to-female ratio was 1.4:1(47:34) with a male preponderance. They are most commonly present at 3-8years(54.2 %) of age, but rarely present at infancy. The most common symptom was a painless midline neck mass(76.5 %, 62cases). Eighty-one patients underwent modified Sistrunk operation without evidence of recurrence. Eight-nine percent(72 cases) of these lesions were located between thyroid substance and hyoid bone, and 11 %(9 cases) were above the hyoid bone. There were 22 infected cysts(27.2 %). The Sistrunk operation is a gold standard for treating the thyroglossal duct cysts. For best results in thyroglossal duct cyst surgery, one should make every effort to remove the cyst intact in continuity with the body of the hyoid bone. In our institute, Sistrunk operation modified by the authors showed a good result.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
• /
• v.4 no.2
• /
• pp.41-53
• /
• 2013

Undoubtedly, the basic sinking fund formula gives the future value of a series of equal installments. The main underlying assumption for using this formula is that installment and compounding frequency must be in equal interval. But when installment for a deposit scheme or any other savings scheme and compounding frequency do not occur in an equal interval, which is treated as the complex annuity problems in Finance Literature, the basic sinking fund formula does not give the accurate result. As a result, the obtainable amount from different deposit schemes offered by different banks and financial institutions does not match with the amount of future value calculated through the basic sinking fund formula by the investors or savers. This study focuses the concealed facts for such type of mismatches in values and at the same time it provides a solution through developing a new formula by extending the basic formula intended not only to remove those mismatches but also get the accurate future value from a sinking fund provision in case of complex annuity. Besides, since banks and financial institutions calculate the interest on the average amount of equal installments deposited within a period of time due to complex annuity, the study also formulates an arithmetic formula for calculating the average amount of installment.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• v.29 no.6
• /
• pp.672-674
• /
• 1996

Chylothorax is a rare, but well-recognized complication of cardiothoracic surgery and operations in the region of the esophageal or aortic diaphragmatic hiatus. Especially, in nutritionally depleted patients requiring esophagectomy for benign or malignant diseases, it is a potentially life-threatening disorder that has profound respiratory, nutritional and immunologic co sequences . We have experienced a case of chylothorax after transhiatal esophagectomy in benign esophageal stricture. The diagnosis of chylothorax was confirmed after feeding through the jejunostomy tube by the change of the character of pleural effusion and high triglyceride level on the 5th postoperative day. On the thirteenth postoperative day, supradiaphragmatic thoracic duct ligation was performed through right thoracotomy. We could remove the chest tube on the 22th postoperative day, and the patient is being followed-up at out patient clinic without complications.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.13 no.1
• /
• pp.257-262
• /
• 2015

The ministry of security and public administration provide the secure coding guide that can remove the vulnerability of applications and defend cyber attack from the coding step because cyber attack like the hacking about 75% abusing the vulnerability of applications. In this paper we find the oder of priority and did the criticality analysis used by AHP about 7 items in the secure coding which the ministry of security and public administration provide. The result is decided that 'exception handling' is the most important item. There is no secure coding items in software supervision currently, therefore the result of the research will make good use audit standards in the process of the software development.