• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.9-17
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• 1969

For the purpose of finding out the differences between urban and rural primary school children aged from 7 to 12 in their physipue, 1146 (578 boys and 567 girls) urban children and 1378 (693 boys and 635 girls) rural children were obserbed by the author during 2 months period from September, 1968 to October, 1968. Following were the findings obtained from this study. 1. Physique In general, urban children showed superiority than rural children if their physique, There could be seen significant differences in their height, weight and chest-girth specially in the age group of 11 and 12. 2. Physique indices In the physique indices based on the height, the value of urban children showed superiority than rural children in relative weight but in relative chest-girth it was the other way around and there were no significant differences between these two groups in relative sitting height. The Kaup index showed higher value in urban children and the Vervaeck index in the rural children and there were no significant differences between these two groups in the Rohrer's index. 3. Comparing these figures with the Korean Standard Value, urban children showed superiority and rural children showed inferiority. Our children were inferior than the Japanese children in their physiques.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.33-40
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• 2020

Wood is one of the main materials of wooden building. Hanok also uses wood as its main component. Recently, Hanok continues to be built. Wood is affected by the climatic environment. The growth of decay bacteria is activated at more than 80% relative humidity. The microclimate environment and moisture content were measured for architectural cultural properties that have been maintained for a long time as a wooden building. The method analyzed the measured data by distinguishing between cloudy and sunny days. In the case of the old house, Anchae moisture content was higher than that of Sarangchae. This seems to be due to the narrow front yard or the planting of trees. The microclimate environment inside the house began to decrease in humidity from 8 am. According to the survey data, the relative humidity was less than 80% from 9 am when there was wind around 4-6 am. It appeared an hour earlier than in the absence of wind. As a result, the time interval for dehumidifying of wood was widened. Therefore, the wooden building is open to the front so there is airflow under the eaves during the daytime and wind in the morning appear to be alternatives in order to lower the moisture content.

• The Korean Journal of Ceramics
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• 제1권3호
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• pp.137-142
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• 1995

Monodispersed $Al_2O_3-TiO_2$ Powder was prepared by metal-alkoxide hydrolsis. A homogeneous nucleation/growth occurred in the solutions containing ethanol, butanol and acetonitrile, and resulted in spherical, submicrometer-sized powder. The titania and the alumina crystals were formed at $800^{\circ}C$ and $1000^{\circ}C$, respectively. These crystala were subsequently reacted each other beyond $1320^{\circ}C$ and formed $Al_2TiO_5$. The relative densities of sintered bodies prepared with as-received powder were examined at the temperature range of 1300-$1500^{\circ}C$ and they were about 79% at $1300^{\circ}C$. The formation of aluminum titanata decreased the relative density at the temperature range of 1300-$1450^{\circ}C$, and at above $1450^{\circ}C$, the relative density started to increase again. It was observed that $\alpha-Al_2O_3$-doped aluminum titanate was more stable than pure aluminum titante at $1200^{\circ}C$.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.93-98
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• 1994

경사방향의 차이가 Orchardgrass가 우점된 산지초지에서 목초의 월동성에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 1. 원동전 식물체의 초세는 1번초의 생육과 포장생존율 및 월동성에 미치는 영향이 컸다고 생각된다. 2. 상대경수출현율당 개체중(DW/RTAR)은 초세와 유의한 부의 상관을 나타낸 반면에, 월동전 개체당 경수, 1번초의 개체당 경수, 개체중, 포장생존율 및 상대경수출현율과는 유의한 정상관을 나타내었다. 3. 월동성은 서>북북서>동남동>남남서 사면의 순으로 높았다.

• Mycobiology
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.287-295
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• 2018

In this study, we evaluated the effect of different temperatures (10, 20, 30, and $40^{\circ}C$) and relative humidities (RHs; 12, 44, 76, and 98%) on populations of predominant grain fungi (Aspergillus candidus, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus fumigatus, Penicillium fellutanum, and Penicillium islandicum) and the biocontrol activity of Pseudomonas protegens AS15 against aflatoxigenic A. flavus KCCM 60330 in stored rice. Populations of all the tested fungi in inoculated rice grains were significantly enhanced by both increased temperature and RH. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that one unit increase of temperature resulted in greater effects than that of RH on fungal populations. When rice grains were treated with P. protegens AS15 prior to inoculation with A. flavus KCCM 60330, fungal populations and aflatoxin production in the inoculated grains were significantly reduced compared with the grains untreated with strain AS15 regardless of temperature and RH (except 12% RH for fungal population). In addition, bacterial populations in grains were significantly enhanced with increasing temperature and RH, regardless of bacterial treatment. Higher bacterial populations were detected in biocontrol strain-treated grains than in untreated control grains. To our knowledge, this is the first report showing consistent biocontrol activity of P. protegens against A. flavus population and aflatoxin production in stored rice grains under various environmental conditions of temperature and RH.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.311-318
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• 2022

In this study, we analyzed the relationships between weather factors and photosystem II activity (F_v/F_m), as a measure of photochemical efficiency, in three cool-season turfgrasses commonly planted on golf courses in Jeju, South Korea: perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.), Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.), and creeping bentgrass (Agrostis palustris Huds.). In all three turfgrasses, F_v/F_m was higher during late summer than during early summer. However, in late summer, F_v/F_m was significantly lower in perennial ryegrass than in the other two species. In early summer, F_v/F_m in perennial ryegrass and Kentucky bluegrass was positively correlated with mean low temperature and extreme minimum temperature, whereas, in late summer, this parameter in Kentucky bluegrass and creeping bentgrass was positively correlated with relative humidity, and in creeping bentgrass was negatively correlated with mean high temperature, mean low temperature, and extreme maximum temperature. These results indicate that raising low temperatures is favorable for perennial ryegrass and Kentucky bluegrass in early summer, whereas, in late summer, the lowering of high temperatures proves to be beneficial for creeping bentgrass, and raising relative humidity is conducive to the growth of Kentucky bluegrass and creeping bentgrass. These findings will contribute to improving the selection and management of turfgrasses on golf courses and sports fields.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.475-481
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• 1996

본 실험은 육묘기간동안 근권의 공간제한이 뿌리 및 지상부의 생장에 미t치는 영향을 평가하기 위해 가로 세로가 각각 5cm이고 깊이가 5, 15, 30cm인 포트를 이용하여 포트의 용적을 조절하였다. 뿌리의 발달과 지상부의 생장은 가식 후의 담배육묘기간 동안 근계의 형태발달 및 지하부와 지상부의 생장을 조사하여 포트 용적에 따른 근계의 발달 양상을 알아보고 우량묘 생산에 있어서 합리적인 포트 규격과 이식 적기를 수립하고자 실시하였다. 1. 근권의 공간 제한은 환경반응에 따른 뿌리생장을 억제하여 지상부의 주요 생육형질을 감소시켰다 포트 깊이에 따른 용적제한은 관부에서 새로운 뿌리형성을 유도하였다. 2. 뿌리수의 발달은 포트 깊이가 얕을수록 많았고, 상대증식률도 컸다. 전체 뿌리길이와 평균 간장률은 포트 깊이가 깊을수록 길었다. 3. 각 순위별 뿌리수는 포트깊이가 깊을수록 1차 순위와 2차 순위 뿌리수가 많았고 얕을수록 3차 순위의 뿌리수가 많았다. 뿌리의 구조는 가식 후 20일에는 깊은 포트에서 넓은 뿌리 구조를 보였고 가식 후 25일에는 얕은 포트에서 넓은 뿌리 구조를 보여 공간제한에 따른 뿌리 형태와 구조가 변화하였다.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제95권3호
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• pp.323-327
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• 2006

국내 주요 경제수종인 소나무의 내성 가계와 민감성 가계간의 오존에 대한 피해반응 및 내성반응을 알아보고자 본 연구를 수행하였다. 내성 가계와 민감성 가계를 각각 5가계씩 선발하여 오존 100 ppb 농도에서 90일간 처리를 하여 근원경 생장, SOD 활성, MDA 함량을 측정하였다. 근원경 생장에서 오존 처리 초기에 내성 가계가 민감성 가계에 비하여 약 3배 높은 생장율을 보였으며, 처리 기간 동안 내성 가계의 생장이 더 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 대조구에 대한 처리구의 SOD 활성비는 민감성 가계의 경우 오존 처리 초기에 증가하고 처리 기간이 길어짐에 따라서 지속적으로 감소한 반면, 내성 가계는 60일까지 증가한 후 감소하였다. 오존 처리구의 MDA 함량은 대조구에 비하여 전체적으로 높게 나타났으며, 민감성 가계가 내성 가계보다 높은 MDA 함량을 나타냈다. 따라서 내성 가계는 민감성 가계에 비하여 항산화 능력이 우수하기 때문에 지질과산화 작용을 억제하는 등 생리적 장애를 극복하는 능력이 높아 생장감소가 적게 나타나는 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.735-743
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• 2010

NaCl 처리에 대한 물푸레나무, 모감주나무, 상수리나무, 참느릅나무의 생장반응을 살펴보기 위하여 NaCl 용액을 0, 25, 50, 100, 200mM 농도로 4개월간 처리하고 생존율, 상대생장율 변화, 생체중 및 건물중, 잎의 색소함량을 분석하였다. NaCl 처리에 따라 토양의 pH와 EC가 증하였으며, 처리기간이 길어짐에 따라 4수종의 생장율은 뚜렷하게 감소하였다. 최종 생존율이 가장 높은 수종은 참느릅나무로서 200mM 처리구에서 15%의 생존율을 보였고, 나머지 3수종은 200mM 처리구에서 모두 고사하였다. 상대생장율, 생체중 및 건물중은 NaCl 처리기간이 길어짐에 따라 감소하였다. 총 엽록소 함량은 60일 후까지 증가하는 경향을 보이다가 감소하였으며, 모든 수종에서 NaCl 처리에 따른 총 엽록소 함량과 카로테노이드 함량의 변화는 크지 않았다. NaCl 처리 시 발생되는 산화적 스트레스에 대한 4수종의 생장반응을 종합한 결과 참느릅나무, 모감주나무, 물푸레나무, 상수리나무 순으로 내성이 큰 것으로 판단되었다.

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제39권5호
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• pp.417-422
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• 2015

Sea-ports in Northern Vietnam have experienced a rapid growth of container throughput in recent years. To accompany with such development, huge investment also has been performed to enhance not only local port capacity but also the regional logistics system. Container terminals in Northern Vietnam locate centrally along Cam river of Haiphong city, leaving 2 others in Quang Ninh province. Five out of totally 11 container terminals in the area are under the control of Vinalines - a national corporation in field of maritime industry. In this paper, those terminals are classified in terms of location and ownership. The volume of container throughput and facilities of all container terminals in Northern Vietnam from 2005 to 2014 are recorded in order to compare the performance of groups. A Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is then applied to evaluate the relative efficiency of such terminals. Before conclusion, number of suggestions will be contributed to related parties.