• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.144-148
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• 2005

Kale leaf had similar contents of vitamin C, $NO_3$, p, Ca, Mg, and Fe with reported values. Among these internal quality factors, $NO_3$ content which has been a concern recently, ranged from 139 to 429 mg in 100 g fresh kale leaf, Kale showed high vitamin C content ranging from 106 to 203 mg in 100 g fresh leaf. The relative concentration of chlorophyll and b value color had a high correlation coefficient (r) with vitamin C, $NO_3$, Mg and Fe content. The relationship between $NO_3$ content and the relative concentration of chlorophyll was given by the following linear equation: $NO_3$ content : 21.55 + (5.907 ${\times}$ the relative concentration of chlorophyll) with an r of $0.910^{{\ast}{\ast}}$. Correlation between $NO_3$ content and b value was also very dependable (r = $-0.901^{{\ast}{\ast}}$). Vitamin C content and the relative concentration of chlorophyll showed a high correlation, r = $-0.858^{{\ast}{\ast}}$. Among internal quality factors, vitamin C content increased with decreasing $NO_3$ content and their correlation coefficient was high (r = $-0.795^{{\ast}{\ast}}$). Consequently, $NO_3$ content of kale leaf could be inferred from an external nondestructive method, such as the relative concentration of chlorophyll. We may be able to produce high quality kale leaves containing high amount of vitamin C and low content of $NO_3$ using this method.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.143-152
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• 1969

This investigation was proceeded to define the effects of gibberellic acid on the growth of Chlorella by determining the contents of chlorphyll and changes in various components in Chlorella cells according to the concentration of treated GA. The growth of Chlorella was accelerated with telative low concentrations of GA(10, 40 ppm) and was restrained with relative high concentrations of GA(70, 100, 200 ppm). The synthetic ability of chlorophyll of GA was inhibited generally in proportion to the concentration of treated-GA and the higher the concentration of GA was applied, the longer time was required in the restoration. The contents of RNA, protein and soluble carbohydrate were increased PCA-soluble amino acid and polysacharide were decreased in those cell components between the accelerated and restrained group. Consequently, the effect on accelerated growth in relative low concentrations of GA is considered to be caused by the powerful effet on expansion growth of GA. It is presumed that the effect of restrained growth in relative high concentrations of GA is due to the inhibitory effect on the chlorophyll synthesis.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.34 no.4 s.96
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• pp.277-284
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• 2001

Since a substantial part of the total planktonic primary production is due to the activity of the picoplankton, seasonal change of chlorophyll a in the picoplankton, nanoplankton and microplankton was determined at four locations in Daechung Reservoir from September in 1998 to September in 1999. Chlorophyll a concentration (<$200\;{\mu}m$) was $0.7{\sim}36.9\;{\mu}g/l$ In TAE (Taejeon site), $0.5{\sim}23.5\;{\mu}g/l$ in MAN (Man site), $1.9{\sim}20.1\;{\mu}g/l$ in HOE (Hoenam site), and $0.5{\sim}17.4\;{\mu}g/l$ in DAM (Dam site). Generally it was observed the highest concentration of chlorophyll a was in September and the lowest in April to June. The relative contribution of chlorophyll a of each fraction was changed dramatically through the year. Relative contribution of chlorophyll a of microplankton was high from June to October, and low in March in all locations except HOE. However chlorophlyll a concentration of picoplankton fraction was $2.0{\sim}24.3%$ of total chlorophyll a (<$200\;{\mu}m$) through the year and did not show any dramatic changes at all locations.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.1-5
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• 1962

CHA, Jong Whan (Dept. of Biology, College of Education, Seoul National University). Effect of gibberallin on the growth and internal componsents of Astragalus sinicus L. Kor. Jour. Bot. V(4) : 1-5, 1962. The effect of GA on the growth as well as on the internal components of the leaves of Astragalus sinicus L. under the soil culture was investigated. The result has indicated that small variation in the relative concentration of GA treated on the leaves shows a marked influence on the internal components of the plants. The increase of growth was associated with increasing intensity of GA. Chlorophyll and carotene contents in the leaves were depressed with increasing concentration of GA. It was noticed that the growth was pomoted with the decrease of the contents of chlorophyll and carotene. In contrast the aacorbic acid in the leaves treated with GA decreased in proportion to the degree of the concentration of GA. Carotens content varied with chlorophyll, although the ratio of chlorophyll to carotene was not so high as the results obtained by Beck and Redman. Chlorophyll and ascorbic acid values with respect to growth differed greatly during the two experimental periods. The chlorophyll content was found highly significant in this experimental periods. The chlorophyll content was found highly significant in this experiment. As the concentration of GA was increased, it was noticed that there was a reduction of anthocyanin, sucrose, and reducing sugar contents. The anthocyanin content was not so high in this study as in the results obtained from the corn by Jacob Straus.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.98-106
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• 2011

In order to investigate water quality factors controlling chlorophyll-$a$ concentrations, the by-daily monitoring was conducted from February to November 2010 in 4 stations of Masan Bay. Seasonal variability in physico-chemical factors was mainly controlled by freshwater loading as a result of precipitation: chemical oxygen demand, suspended solids and nutrient concentrations rapidly increase during the heavy rainy season, whereas they decrease in the dry season. From late winter to mid spring, phosphorus and silica sources relative to Redfield ratio were probably functioned as limiting factor for phytoplankton flourishing in surface waters, but nitrogen concentration during mid-spring to autumn might be responsible for the increase of phytoplankton biomass. The multiple regression analysis revealed that variations in chlorophyll-$a$ concentration may be strongly correlated with changes of water temperature, chemical oxygen demand, dissolved inorganic phosphorus in spring, and salinity, chemical oxygen demand and precipitation in summer. Consequently, in the Masan Bay, a heavy rainfall event is an important factor to determine changes of biotic and abiotic factors, and in addition the dynamics of chlorophyll-$a$ concentration are strongly affected by changes of hydrological factors, especially water temperature, precipitation and nutrients.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.166-169
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• 1999

The experiment was conducted to find the changes of early growth and chemical components such as chlorophyll content, superoxide dismutase(SOD) activity, free proline content on the different manganese chloride concentration(2,500, 3,500 and 4,500ppm) in rice seedling. Root growth was decreased in highest concentration, 4,500 ppm of Mn compared with the control and germination rate was also decreased 43% at 4,500 ppm of Mn. Chlorophyll content was decreased at Mn 4,500ppm with 1.16mg. Free proline content at 3 day after germination in Mn 4,500ppm was highest relative to the other manganese chloride concentrations. SOD activity was gradually increased as manganese chloride concentration was increased. As a result, it was suggested that an increment of free proline and SOD activity results from the higher manganese chloride concentration.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.670-679
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• 2011

Chlorophyll-a is a major water quality indicator for an algal bloom in streams and lakes. The purpose of the study is to estimate chlorophyll-a concentration in tributaries of the Seonakdonggang by an artificial neural network (ANN). As the tributaries are ungauged streams, a watershed runoff and quality model was used to simulate water quality parameters. The tributary watersheds include urban area and thus Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) was used to simulate TN, TP, BOD, COD, and SS. SWMM, however, can not simulate chlorophyll-a. The chlorophyll-a series data from the tributaries were estimated by the ANN and the simulation results of water quality parameters using SWMM. An assumption used is as follows: the relation between water quality parameters and chlorophyll-a in the tributaries of the Seonakdonggang would be similar to that in the mainstream of the Seonakdonggang. On the assumption, the measurement data of water quality and chlorophyll-a in the mainstream of the Seonakdonggang were used as the learning data of the ANN. Through the sensitivity analysis, the learning data combination of water quality parameters was determined. Finally, chlorophyll-a series were estimated for tributaries of the Seonakdonggang by the ANN and TN, TP, BOD, COD, and temperature data from those streams. The relative errors between the estimated and measured chlorophyll-a were approximately 40 ~ 50%. Though the errors are somewhat large, the estimation process for chlorophyll-a may be useful in ungauged streams.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.39-44
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• 2019

LID facilities do not consider environmental factors, and due to inappropriate vegetation planting causing degradation in efficiency due to plant damage and difficulty in maintenance. Therefore, in this study, assessment of impact environmental factor by seasonal variation of chlorophyll and growth of vegetation planted in LID technologies and change of pollutant reduction were conducted. In the case of B-SJ and B-RI, growth rate decreased after summer (August), and B-MG showed steady growth until autumn (September). Chlorophyll was found to increase during spring season while it decreased during autumn season. The chlorophyll concentration was found to affect the plant growth pattern. TN reduction efficiency was highest with greater than 80% efficiency in summer, and it was analyzed that plants were identified as the main factor affecting the seasonal reduction efficiency of TN. Also, temperature and relative humidity were analyzed to affect plant growth, activity and pollutant removal efficiency. Plant type and growth pattern are considered as factors to be considered in selection of appropriate plant types in LID technologies.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.24 no.12
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• pp.1583-1590
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• 2015

The aim of this study was to examine the morphological responses of Hosta longipes, an ornamental plants for heavy metal contaminated soils in urban landscaping, to heavy metals Cd, Pb, and Zn. Plants were grown in artificial soil amended with Cd, Pb, and Zn at concentation of 0, 100, 250, and 500 mg/kg. Plant height, leaf length, leaf width, total leaf number, deaf leaf number, new leaf number, chlorophyll contents, and ornamental value were monitored from May to August. At 4 months after planting, the survival and morphological responses of H. longipes grown in soil amended with Cd at concentrations ${\geq}100mg/kg$ were severely affected compared to those grown in the control soil. Relative leaf length rate and relative leaf width rate were significantly decreased when the concentration of Pb was increased. Total leaf number, chlorophyll contents, and ornamental value were the lowest value in plants grown in soil amended with Pb at level of 500 mg/kg. Relative leaf length rate and relative leaf width rate, total leaf number, dead leaf number, new leaf number, and ornamental values had a tendency of decrease when plants were grown in soils amended with Zn. However, no significant difference was found among treatments except for plants were grown in soils amended with 500 mg/kg Zn. Therefore, Hosta longipes might be useful for phytoremediation of Zn contaminated sites as herbaceous ornamental plants.

• Journal of the korean society of oceanography
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.35-44
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• 2002

To assess the relative contribution of bacterial and phytoplankton biomasses to particulate organic matter (POM) in the water column, microbial abundance and biomass were from two transects in the western channel of the Korea Strait in 1996. Bacterial abundance had a mean value of $5.9{\times}10^5$ cells/ml and chlorophyll-a averaged 0.14 ${\mu}g/l$. Bacterial abundance in the Korea Strait showed a positive relationship with chlorophyll-a concentration, while the distribution of POM did not covary with chlorophyll-a. Particulate organic carbon (POC) and nitrogen (PON) concentrations were greater in August than in October. Bacterial carbon (POC) and nitrogen (PON) concentrations were greater in August than in October. Bacterial carbon and nitrogen biomasses were 7.29 ${\mu}gC/l$ and 1.24 ${\mu}gN/l$, respectively, during the study periods. Bacterial biomass was larger in October than in August due to the autumn phytoplankton bloom. Phytoplankton biomass based on chlorophyll-a was 7.67 ${\mu}gC/l$ for carbon and 1.10${\mu}gN/l$l for nitrogen. The ratio of bacterial carbon (BC) to phytoplankton carbon (Cp) averaged 0.95 in the Korea Strait in 1996. Bacteria may play a more significant role in the dynamics of POM than phytoplankton do in August, with BC/Cp ratio of 1.26. The ratio of BC to Cp increased with a decrease in chlorophyll-a concentration. Averaged over all the samples in both cruises, the contribution of microbial biomass to POC and PON was about 43% and 51%, respectively. Bacterial assemblage constituted a significant fraction of POC (21%) and PON (27%). Phytoplankton accounted for 22% of POC and 24% of PON. Microbial biomass played a more important role in the dynamics of POC and PON in October than in August due to a significant increase in microbial biomass in the southern transect (transect-B) in October by the autumn phytoplankton bloom. This study showed that marine microbes may constitute a significant part in the reservoir of POM in the Korea Strait.