• 한국작물학회지
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• 제47권6호
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• pp.395-401
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• 2002

보리의 조숙 품종을 육성하기 위해서는 조기 출수인자에 단기 등숙성 인자를 도입하는 것이 중요하므로 출수기, 성숙기 및 등숙기간의 유전에 관한 정보를 얻고자 4개 품종(사천6호, 오월보리, 동보리1호, Reno), F$_1$, F$_2$세대의 종자를 포장에 파종, 재배하여 출수기, 성숙기 및 등숙기간을 조사하였다. 1. 출수기는 4월 3일-4월 26일, 성숙기는 5월 15일-5월 27일, 등숙기간은 31일-42일로 교배친 및 F$_1$ 조합간 차이가 현저하였다. 2. 부분 이면교잡에 의한 분산분석 결과, 출수기에 대해서 동보리1호(출수기 늦음)는 우성으로, 오월보리는(출수기 빠름) 열성으로, 출수기 유전은 유전자의 상가적 작용이 큰 부분우성으로 나타났다. 3. 성숙기에 대해서 동보리 1호가 우성으로, 오월보리가 열성으로, 성숙기 유전은 유전자의 상가적 작용 큰 부분우성으로 나타났다. 4. 등숙기간에 대해서 Reno(등숙기간이 짧음)가 우성으로 오월보리(등숙기간이 길음)은 열성으로 유전자의 상가적 작용이 큰 부분우성으로 나타났다. 5. 출수기, 성숙기에 대한 일반조합능력의 분산량은 고도의 유의성이 인정되고, GCA분산이 SCA분산보다 출수기는 10.1-29.5배, 성숙기는 9.9-121배 높아서 유전자의 상가적 작용이 컸으며, 사천6호와 오월보리는 출수와 성숙이 빠른 방향으로, 동보리 1호와 Reno은 늦어지는 방향으로 효과를 보였다. 6. 등숙기간에 대해선 GCA 효과는 F$_1$과 F$_2$ 세대간 유의적 차이가 있었고 GCA/SCA비가 크므로 유전자의 상가적 작용이 현저하였다. 7 포장 출수기, 성숙기는 결빙방지 단백질의 농도, 광합성의 광저해에 대한 내성, 포장 내동성과 고도의 정의 상관을, 등숙기간은 각 형질들과 부의 상관을 보였다. was "glossy and smooth" in all cases and preference about the texture was high. The Doenjang with added P. japonica Powder had a saltier taste and the Doenjang with P. japonica Powder had the least sweet taste. In the flavor and overall Preference, the Doenjang with P. japonica powder was the lowestEX>로 측정되었고, 계사내 지붕의 표면 온도는 최고 $29^{\circ}C$가 측정되었다. 계사 내 표면 온도 및 닭의 표면 온도는 계사내 공기온도의 영향을 많이 받는 것으로 나타났다.ill in a good agreement with those predicted by Rohsenow's formula, which was based on nucleate boiling. For the condenser, the wall temperatures were practically uniform, and the measured values of condensation heat transfer coefficient were 1.7 times higher than the predicted values obtained from Nusselt's film condensation theory on tilted plate. Using those two expressions, a correlation was formulated as a function of heat flux and tilt angle, to determine the total thermal resistance of a tilted thermosyphon.

• 대한간호
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.85-98
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• 1995

The purpose of this study is to provide basic data regarding effective learning opportunities in childbirth education classes. Also analysis of the data indicates the optimum conditions for the welfare and improvements in the promotion of health in childbearing mothers. The results of this study are as follows; 1) The average age of the subjects in this study was 30.6 years and the total number of subjects was 58 pregnant women. The average number of children was one and 84.5% of the subjects were unemployed even though 63.8% of them held over bachelor's degrees. It was found that 22.4% of the subjects were living in an extended family. Also 61.5% of them were living with parents-in-law. The number of pregnancies were calssified as one, two, or three to nine times with the percentages of 58.7%, 22.4% and 18.9%, respectively. Further, 72.4% of the subjects had no abortion experience and 15.5% had one aborion experience. While 89.7% of the subjects planned to feed their babies with breastmilk, mixed feeding were used by only 22.4% of the sample. These data were collected at about 6 months after delivery. Thus one can see that a low rate of breastfeeding was common. 2) The length of one period of childbirth education is four weeks. It was found that 36.2% of the subjects participated in childbirth education only once, where as 13.8% participated four times and 19% of the subjects participated in this class more than four times. pregnant at least once. Further, 75.9% of the participants were participated in this education through their own will. Their motivation for participation developed through information, advertisement and posters which contained information on childbirth education. Those with unplanned pregnancies 92.9% participated after a suggestion by the nurses. The number of participants in terms of percentage according to the childbirth education contents can be classified as following. The most active participation was shown in preparation of delivery(77.6%), postpartrm management(56.9%) fetal development(37.6%) and physiology of pregnancy(17.2%). It was found that 75.9% of the subjects were willing to participate again if they were given a chance. The reason can be summarized as following: The content of the education is very helpful(47.7%). Scientific knowledge can be obtained through this program(20.5%). Participation helps in achieving psychological stability(9.1%). Participation enables one to establish a friendly relationship with other participants(6.8%) of the sample. 24.1% of the participants did not want to participate again. The reasons can be as following: They do not want another baby(42.9%). The first paricipation in childbirth education gave enough knowledge about childbirth(21.4%). Another reason for not want to participate again was because they had a cesarean birth(14.3%). Only 7.1% of them responded with a negative view. A response that they do not need childbirth education after their operation can be traced back to the general belief that childbirth education is the place where one prepares for natural birth through the Lamaze breathing technique. Of the subjects, 91.4% suggested that this program could be recommended to other childbearing mothers, because this program gave educational content along with psychological stability for childbearing women. Of the subjects 41.4% did not see any efforts towards the welfare of the baby, where as 88.2% did. Among the subjects 58.6% made some effort to eliminate the discomfort of labor by breathing and imagination and breathing and walking. Further 41.7% of the 24 subjects did not do anything toward the welfare of the baby, because they did have a cesarean section so that they didn't have a chance even though they had been educated about childbirth. Also 33.3% of the subjects did not do anything toward the welfare of the baby, because they lacked a willingness. After leaving the hospital, only 75.9% of the subjects did some exercises. The subjects who tried participate this program with their husband accounted for 20.7% of the sample. Interviewing with the subjects solved some of the uneasiness and. fear of delivery, increased self-confidence in parenting and active coping in the delivery process.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제51권5호
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• pp.468-473
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• 2008

목 적 : IDA로 진단된 영유아의 어머니를 대상으로 수유 방법과 이유 진행사항 등의 실태를 조사하였고, 설문지 답변을 통하여 어머니가 가지고 있는 이유식에 대한 지식을 알아보았고, 그들의 이유식 관련 지식과 실제 나타나는 현실과의 차이점을 분석하였다. 방 법 : 2006년 3월부터 2007년 5월까지 인하대병원 외래 또는 입원한 영유아 중 IDA로 진단 받은 6-40개월 환아 111명(남:여=1.6:1)의 어머니를 대상으로 이유 실태 조사 및 이유지식에 관한 설문조사를 하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 결 과 : 1) 혈액학적인 분포는 Hb는 $9.5{\pm}1.0g/dL$이었고, Hb 8 g/dL미만이 8.1%이었고, 9 g/dL 미만이 27.9%에 달하였다. MCV 70미만이 92명(82.8%)이었다. IDA가 분명한데도 페리틴 10 ng/dL 이상인 경우가 54명(48.6%)에 달하였다. 2) 이유식을 3개월 또는 그 이전에 이유식을 시작한 경우는 한 예도 없었고, 7개월 이후에 시작한 경우가 33.3%에 달하였다. 이유식의 평균 시작시기는 6.4 개월이었으며, 4-6개월에 시작한 경우(n=74)의 Hb은 $9.6{\pm}1.0g/dL$으로서, 7개월 이후에 시작한 경우(n=37)의 Hb $9.3{\pm}1.0g/dL$에 비하여 유의하게 높았다. 3) 이유식의 시작 시기가 늦을수록 Hb 수치가 낮게 나타났고, 생후 6개월까지 모유수유만 하고 이유식을 시작하지 않은 영유아들의 Hb 수치가 낮게 나타났다(P<0.05). 4) 처음 시도하는 이유식으로는 미음(82.6%), 과일즙(10.8%), 선식(4.5%) 등 순이었고, 주로 먹는 이유식의 종류는 야채죽(38.7%), 미음(36.9%), 과일즙(17.1%)의 순이었다. 주로 사용한 이유식은 집에서 만든 것이 87명(78.3%)이었고, 상품화된 이유식 사용은 7명(6.3%)이었다. 5) 어머니의 이유지식 점수는 대졸이상 그룹과 고졸 그룹 사이에 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 또한 이유지식이 IDA중증도에 미치는 영향도 유의하지 않았다. 6) 이유식을 시도하여 4주 이내에 완성된 경우가 56명(50.4 %) 이었고, 나머지는 1개월 이상 걸렸으며, 3개월 이상 걸린 경우도 22명(20.0%)에 달하였다. 결 론 : 급성 감염이나 발열시에 페리틴 측정만으로 철결핍 및 IDA 진단을 내리기에는 한계가 있으며, 소구성 적혈구증 역시 IDA를 판정하는 중요한 지표가 될 수 있을 것이다. 많은 어머니가 이유지식이 부족하였고, 또한 상당한 이유지식을 가지고 있음에도 그 자녀에서 IDA가 발견되었으므로, 현재와 같은 이유식 방법을 지양하고, 이유식에 관한 교육 및 홍보를 강화한 좀더 개선된 방법이 모색되어야 할 것이다.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.21-36
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• 1983

It is assumed that menarche is affected not only by the biological factors such as nutrition and genetic heritage, but also it is affected by other socio-cultural environmental factors including weather, geographic location, education and level of modernization. Also recent trend of menarche in Korea indicates that a lot of discussion are being generated to the need of sex education as a part of formal school education. The purpose of this study is to develop the school health education program by determine the age of menarche, the factors relavant to time of menarche and psycho-mental state of students at the time in menarche and investigate the present state of school health education relate to menarche of adolescents. The total number of 732 girls was drown from first, second and third grades of 4 middle schools in Seoul. For the data collection the survey was conducted during the period from May 1 to May 20, 1982 by using prepared questionair. The major results are summarized as follow; 1. Mean age at menarche and the percent distribution of menarche experienced. It was observed that about 68.7% of sampled students have been experienced menarche at the time interviewed. For the each group, age at menarche is revealed that among the students about 37.8% are experienced menarche for under 12 years old group, 62.1% for 13 year-old group, 80.6％ for 14 year-old group and 95.5% for over 15 years old. In sum it was found that the mean age at menarche was 12.3 years old, ranged from age at 10 as earlist the age at 15 as latest. 2. Variables associated with age at menarche. 1) There was tendency those student who belong to upper class economic status have had menarche earlier than those student who belong to lower class. Therefore, economic status is closely related to age at menarche. 2) In time of mother's education level, it is also found that those students whose mother's education levels from high school and college are experienced menarche earlier than those students whose mother's education levels from primary school and no-education. 3) However, in connection with home discipline, there was no significant relationship between age at menarche and home disciplines which are being treated "Rigid", "Moderated ", "Indifferent". 4) Degree of communication between parents and daughter about sex matters was found to be associated each others in determination of age at menarche. 5) It was found that high association between mother's menarche age and their daughter's menarche age was observed. Mother's age at menarche earlier trend to be shown also as earlier of their daughters. 6) Those students belong to "D & E" of physical substantiality index are trend to be earlier in menarche than those students in the index "A & B". 3. Psycho-mental state at the time of menarche. Out of the total students 68.2% had at least one or more than one of subjective symptoms. Shyness was shown as most higher prevalent symptom and others are fear, emotional instability, unpleasant feeling, depression, radical behavior, inferior complex and satisfaction appeared. Very few cases are appeared be guilty and stealing feeling. 4. The present status of school health education program related to menarche. As to the source of information about menarche, teacher was a main source with average index 5.88 and the other informants were mother & family member, friends, books and magagines, movies, television, and radio. For the problem solving at menarche, mother & family members were subject to discussion with an average index 6.02 as high. The others for discuss and knowledge about menarche were books, magagine, friends, teachers, and self-learning based on own experienced. The time of learning about menarche, it was learned as highest percentage with 43.2% at a 6 grades of primary school, middle school with 34.4%, 5 grade of primary school with 18.2%, and 4 grade of primary school with 4.0% respectively.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.153-173
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• 1990

One of the important tasks for new parents. especially mothers, is to establish warm, mutually affirming interpersonal relationships with the new baby in the family, with the purpose of promoting the healthy development of the child and the wellbeing of the whole family. Nurses assess the quality of the behavioral characteristics of the maternal-infant interaction. This study examined the relationships between primiparas pereptions of their delivery experience and their maternal infant interaction. It compared to delivery experience of mothers having a normal vaginal delivery with those having a casearean section. The purpose was to explore the relationships between the mother's perceptions of her delivery experience with her maternal infant interaction. The aim was to contribute to the development of theoretical understanding on which to base care toward promoting the quality of maternal-infant interaction. Data were collected directly by the investigator and a trained associate from Dec. 1, 1987 to March 8, 1988. Subjects were 3 random sample of 62 mothers, 32 who had a normal vaginal delivery and 30 who had a non-elective cesarean section (but without other perinatal complications) at three general hospitals in Seoul. Instruments used were the Stainton Parent -infant Interaction Scale(1981) and the Marut and Mercer Perception of Birth Scale(1979). The first observations were made in the delivery room (for vaginally delivered mothers only), followed by day 1, day 2, day 3, and 2 weeks, 4 weeks, 6 weeks and 8 weeks after birth, for a total of 7-8 contacts(Cesarean section mothers were observed on days 4 and 5 but the data not used for analysis). Observations in the hospital were made during the hour prior to scheduled feedings. The infant was placed beside the mother. Later contacts were made at home. Data analysis was done by computer using as SPSS program and indulded X² test, paired t-test, t-test, and Pearson Correlation coefficient ; the results were as follows. 1. Mothers who had a normal vaginal delivery tended to perceive the delivery experience more positively than cesarean section mothers(p＝0.002). The finding supported the hypothesis I that perception of delivery would vary according to the method of delivery. Mothers' perceptions of birth were classified into three dimensions, labor, delivery and the bady. There was a significantly different and positive perception by the vaginally delivered mothers to the delivery experience(p＝0.000) but no differences for labor or the bady according to the delivery method(p＝0.096, p＝0.389), 2. Mothers who had a normal vaginal delivery had higher average maternal-infant interaction scores(p＝0.029) than mothers who had a cesarean section. There were similar higher scores for the 1st day(p＝0.042), 2nd day (p＝0.009), and the 3rd day(p＝0.006) after delivery but not for later times. The findings supported the hypothesis Ⅱ that there would be differences in maternal-infant interaction for mothers having vaginal and cesarean section deliveries. However these differences deccreased section deliveries. However these differences decreased over time . by eight weeks the scores for vaginal delivery mothers averaged 8.1 and for cesarean section mothers, 7.9. 3. The more highly positive the pereption of the delivery experience, the higher the maternal-infant interaction score for all subjects(F＝.3206, p＝.006). The findings supported the hypothesis Ⅲ that there would be correlations between perceptions of delivery and maternal-infant interaction. The maternal infant interaction was highest when the perception of the bady and deliery was positive(r＝.4363, p＝.000, r＝.2881, p＝.012). No correlations between perceptions of labor and maternal-infant interaction were found(p＝0.062). 4. The daily maternal-infant interaction score for the initial contact after birth to 8 weeks postpartum had the lowest average score 5.20 and the highest 7.98(in a range of 0-10). This subjects group of mothers needed nursing intervention to promote their maternal- infant interaction. The daily scores for the maternal-infant over the period of eight weeks. However, there were significantly different increases in maternal-infant interaction only from the first to second day(p＝0.000) and from the fourth to sixth weeks after birth(P＝0.000). 5. When the eight items of maternal-infant interaction were evaluated separately, “Expresses feelings about her role as mother” had the highest average score, 1.64(ina range of 0-3)and “Speaks to baby” the lowest, 0.9. All items, with the possible exception of “Expresses feelings about her role as mother”, suggested the subjects' need of nursing intervention to promote maternal-infant interaction. 6. There were positive correlations between certain general charateristis, namely, both a higher economic status(p＝0.002) and breast feeding(p＝0.202) and maternal - infant interaction. There were positive correlations between a mother's confidence in her role as a mother and the perception of the birth experience(p＝0.004). For mothers who had a cesarean section, a positive perception of the birth experience was related to the duration of her marriage(p＝0.010), a wanted pregnancy (P＝0.030) and her confidence in her role as a mother(p＝0.000). Pereptions of birth for mothers who had a normal vaginal delivery were positive than those for mothers who had a cesarean section. The level of maternalinfant interaction for mothers delivered vaginally was higher than for cesarean section mothers. The relationship between perception of birth and materanalinfant interaction was confirmed. Cesarean section has an impact on the mother's perceived experience of birth which, in turn, is positively related to maternal-infant in turn, is positively related to maternal-infant interaction. Nursing intervention to enhance maternal-infant interaction should begin in prenatal classes with an exploration of the potential impact of cesarean section on the perceptions of the birth experience and continue throughout the perinatal and post-natal periods to promote the mother's ability to control with this crisis experience and to mobilize social support. Nursing should help transform a relatively negatively perceived experience into an accepted, positively perceived and self affirming experience which enhances the maternal-infant relationship.

• 한국인구학
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.84-110
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• 1993

This study aims at identifying the recent change in marriage behaviors in Korea. The data used here is the vital statistics compiled from the vital registration system of which registration form is put on one from together with the civil registration form. According to the results of this analysis, since 1970 the number of marriages has steadily increased from about 300, 000 in the former of 1970s to about 400, 000 in the latter of 1980s, appproximately coincided with the change in population size at the marriageable age span. The few exceptions that can be seen in the 1970s seem to result from the impact of social upheavals during 1950s; since the birth cohorts affected by the low fertility during the Korean war and the post-war baby-boom generations chracterized by the high fertility entered the marriage market in the 1970s. However, the marriage rate shows a little increase from around 7 in the former of 1970s to around 9 in the latter of 1980s, indicating that the marriage prevalence has been more or less inconsiderably changed during this period. It is also found that the proportion of remarriage to the total marriages has increased to around 10 per cent in 1989, while decreasing that of first marriage. This fact can be attributable to the higher prevalence of divorces and the collapsing of the Confucianism ethic which contributed to expediting the remarriage of widows. Although this proportion is insignificant compared with that of the of more developed countries, it is not difficult to say that the proportion of remarriages will continue to increase in future. The age first at first marriage(AFM) which directly affects the span exposed to the risks pregnancy has increased to the age about 28 for male and about 25 for female in recent years. However, big difference in AFM between urban and rural areas has narrowed, resultant from the increasing involuntary postponement of marriage of rural young population who have met difficulties in seeking their bride or bridegroom in rural areas characterized by the heavy out-migration of young, particularly female, population. The present study shows the reverse relationship between AFM and educational attainment; i.e, the higher the educational attainment the lower the AFM. The conditions which are taken into considerations were the class and the family in the past time but which are, educational attainment, job and personal characteristics. With regard to the age condition, in recent years the male prefers the female younger than himself on the average by 3 years and vice versa, which is reduced form 4-5 years in beginning of 1970s. The age difference bride and bridegroom tends to decrease with the educational attainment increase. This may be attributable to the fact that the persons with the higher educational attainment prefer the love marriage and hence are more likely to choose their counterparts in the about same age. The education condition is characterized by the bridegroom having the higher educational level than bride. It is also significant to note that the proportion of love marriage has increased, whereas that of traditional arranged marriage has decreased. This is true in the urban areas than the rural areas, indicating that rights as well as responsibilities for marriage have been handed over the young population from their parents. In conclusion, the change in the marriage behaviors in Korea are characterized by increasing tendency for the postponement of first marriage, higher prevalences of divorces and a result remarriages, increase of love marriages, narrowing age difference between bride and bridegroom, etc. which are the main results of rapid industrization, increase in educational and economic activity opportunities and change in the ideals of marriages during the past decades. These phenomena prevailing in Korean society would affect not only the family structure that will become less proliferiated but the population size and structure. The most important is that the changes in marriage behaviors of Koreans and their impact on the society with respect to norms, values, morals, of individual and family in the social aspect, change in population size and structure in the demograpic aspects, and economic development in the economic aspects should be integrated into the plannings towards to the future.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.56-64
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• 1998

목적 : 본 연구는 서울대학교병원의 말기암환자와 가족을 위한 집단상담 프로그램을 소개하고, 현황 및 문제점을 파악하고자 하였다. 방법 : 1996년 한 해동안 상담에 참석한 말기암환자 및 가족들의 상담기록지를 중심으로 연구자들이 상담한 내용을 분석하였다. 결과 : 참석자 312명은 가족(84%)이 환자(16%)의 4배 이상 참석했고, 대부분 1회만 참석하고 있음을 보여주었다. 참석한 환자 또는 가족이 돌보는 환자의 현황은 나이별로 60대, 50대, 40대가 많았고, 암의 종류는 폐암, 위암, 간암 순으로 많았다. 가족의 특성은 261명으로 배우자, 자녀, 며느리, 형제자매, 부모순으로 많았다. 프로그램에 오게된 경로는 의사의 권유(69%), 병원 포스터(26%), 기타 순이었다. 이것은 의사가 환자와 가족을 집단에 참여시키는데 중요한 역할을 담당하고 있음을 보여준다. 질문은 우선적으로 의료적인 정보에 대한 욕구가 많았다. 이것은 환자나 가족이 의료진으로부터 정보를 제대로 전달받지 못하고 있음을 보여준다. 또한 가족은 환자를 돌보는데 있어서 정보의 제공만으로 해결될 수 없는 여러가지 실제적인 어려움을 주고 있었다. 그 결과 계속적인 24시간 전화상담 서비스 호스피스 시설 가정간호 서비스의 확대, 3차 의료기관과 1,2차 의료기관과의 의뢰 체계 등을 필요로하고 있었다. 따라서 병원에서 제공될 수 있는 프로그램과 지역사회에서 제공될 수 있는 자원, 호스피스 시설과의 연계가 필요하며 이를 관리해줄 수 있는 환자 관리 전담 인력이 필요하다. 결론 : 본 프로그램은 1회(single-session)적인 성격이 강하지만 환자와 가족이 궁금해하는 점들을 만족시켜주므로서 암에 대한 인식이 증가하고 대처능력이 향상되고 있음을 볼 수 있다. 이것은 이 프로그램이 위기에 처한 말기암환자와 가족을 지지하는 프로그램으로서 활용가치가 높다고 볼 수 있다. 추후 연구는 프로그램의 효용성에 대한 평가가 검토되어야 할 것이며, 다른 병원에서도 각 병원의 특성과 참석자들의 특성을 고려하여 보다 발전된 프로그램이 나오기를 바란다.

• 한국심리학회지:학교
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.17-38
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• 2020

본 연구에서는 국내 학령기 아동을 대상으로 아동·청소년행동평가척도 조절곤란프로파일(Child Behavior Checklist Dysregulation Profile; CBCL-DP)의 요인구조를 조사하고, CBCL-DP특성을 보이는 집단(임상군)과 그렇지 않은 집단(정상군)간 부적응 및 문제행동 수준에 차이가 있는지 확인하고자 하였다. CBCL-DP의 가장 적합한 요인구조를 확인하기 위해 선행연구에서 제시한 3가지 경쟁모형에서 확인적 요인분석을 실시하였으며, 그 결과 단일요인모형(One-factor)과 2차요인모형(Second order)보다 Bifactor모형이 가장 좋은 적합도를 보였다. 가장 적합한 요인구조의 타당성을 확인하기 위해 관련 변인들과의 회귀경로를 계산한 결과 Bifactor모형에서 CBCL-DP는 부모가 보고한 집행기능곤란과 담임교사가 보고한 학교적응 및 강점난점의 모든 하위요인들과 관련되어 있었으며, 불안/우울, 공격행동, 주의집중문제의 3가지 요인들은 차별화된 연관성을 보였다. CBCL-DP의 특성을 나타내는 집단의 부적응 및 문제행동 수준을 CBCL-DP 특성을 보이지 않는 정상군과 비교한 결과, CBCL-DP 특성을 보이는 아동은 정상군 아동보다 집행기능 곤란 정도가 더 높았으며, 학교생활 적응을 잘 하지 못하고 바람직한 행동을 할 가능성이 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 결과적으로 CBCL-DP는 특정 증후군(AAA)보다 여러 가지 다양한 측면에서 부정적 결과와 관련이 있었으며, 선행연구들의 요인구조와 본 연구 표본이 부합하고 있다는 점은 광범위한 조절곤란 증후군으로 CBCL-DP를 개념화하는데 일관되고 통합적인 연구결과를 제시했음을 시사한다. 또한 CBCL-DP는 정서·행동문제가 결합된 고위험군 아동을 조기발견하고 중재함에 있어 학교 및 상담 장면에서 심층적이고 전문적인 진단도구로서 유용하게 사용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. 이러한 연구결과를 바탕으로 본 연구의 의의, 한계점 및 향후 연구 방향에 대해 논의하였다.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.17-41
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• 1992

During the month of October, 1990, 676 practicing physicians in Taegu City were surveyed by mail questionnaires about their general characteristics and the reasons why they chose Taegu as a practice location and 331 out of them responded completely. Collected data were analyzed to provide basic reference data for future health manpower policy which intends to solve the problem of geographical maldistribution of physicians, The major findings are as follows: For the question asking why Taegu area is favored, following lists are as the order of their magnitude of the reasons replied by more than 20% of the respondents: 1) Taegu is a foundation of life until now(81.3%) 2) Better educational environments are available for their offsprings(73.7%) 3) They can have intimate relationship with acquaintances or friends sharing same or similar interests(61.0%) 4) Due to characteristics of their specialty, metropolitan seems to fit better(52.0%), 5) They graduated from the medical school in Taegu(49.8%) 6) Never thought of selecting practice location in other area than Taegu without any specific reasons(45.9%) 7) Intelligent communications are available with other physicians(39.9%) 8) More opportunities to participate in social life, such as medical, or alumni association etc., can be given(33.2%) 9) No specific knowledge or relationships with other area are available(32.6%) 10) They finished internship or residency training in Taegu area(31.4%) 11) Facilitation of transferring patients including emergent patients can be obtained (30.8%) 12) Continuing medical educational programs are available(29.9%) 13) Sufficient medical demands are provided because of the large population(28.1%) 14) More chances to be grown up as a medical professionals can be achieved(25.7%) 15) More leizure time can be utilized for cultural activities(23.9%) 16) They had experiences to work in hospitals or facilities in Taegu area(23.3%) 17) Medical facilities of fellow physicians or alumni can be used(20.5%) In addition, 37% of female physicians answered that their spouse strongly influenced them to choose Taegu, and 33.3% of physicians with age of thirty replied that parents did so. Physicians of specialty in radiology, clinical pathology, anatomical pathology, and anesthesiology considered that patients from other hospitals and medical facilities would be referred often to them and that less competition seemed to be expected in their specialty (30.8%). In contrast, general practitioners anticipated that larger population would increase the medical demand(62.5%). 28.6% of medical practitioners who graduated medical schools in other are than Taegu and 22.0% of medical practitioners who were trained in hospitals of other area than Taegu were influenced to choose Taegu by their spouses. In consideration of above findings, we may conclude that long term and rational manpower policies should be implemented to solve the problem of geographical maldistribution of physicians as well as short term physician-inducing policies, and they have to be incorporated with equitable community development.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.125-135
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• 1989

정신지체아 발생의 환경인자로서의 납의 영향을 관찰하기 위하여 인제조직내의 축적된 납과 아연의 함량과 정신장애 정도와의 상관성을 보았다. 대상은 정신지체아 교육기관 2곳의 계 297명을 택하였다(부모가 있는 군 132명, 없는 군 165명). 대조군은 시내 모 국민학교에 정상적으로 수업을 받는 63명을 심의로 선택하였다. 재료는 대상자의 후두부의 모발을 채취하여 원자흡광분광광도계로 분석하였다. 두발중 납의 평균함량은 정신지체아에서 $14.97{\pm}3.71ppm$으로 정상아의 $11.36{\pm}2.83ppm$보다 유의하게 높았으며 아연 함량은 유의한 차이가 없었다. 납은 장애자 중 연령과 성별 그리고 가정이 있는 경우와 없는 경우 간에 유의한 차이가 없었으나 지능지수와는 유의한 역상관을 나타내었다. 아연은 연령에 따라서는 유의한 상관성을 보였으나 지능지수와는 유의한 상관성이 없었다. 정신지체아에 수반된 장애로 언어장애, 정서장애, 지체부자유, 이중 및 삼중장애, 감각이상, 식습관이상 등이 있으나 감각이상과 식습성을 제외하고 모두 정상군에 비하여 평균 납함량이 유의하게 높으나 정신지체아이면서 수반된 장애가 없는 군과는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 정신지체아에 수반된 질병은 몽고증, 자폐증, 뇌성마비, 간질 및 소뇌증이 있었으나 몽고증의 평균 납 함량에 비하여 뇌성마비와 수반된 질병이 없는 경우와는 유의하게 높은 차이가 있었다. 그들의 병력을 외적 요인과 내적 요인으로 구별해 보았으나 상호 유의한 차이는 없었다. 이상의 결과로 보아 정신지체와 납 사이에는 어느 정도 관계가 있는 것으로 추측되므로 이때의 접촉 기회에 대한 고찰은 모자보건학 상 중요한 과제가 된다고 생각되며 추후 계속 연구해 보아야 할 것 같다.