• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2003년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.1
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• pp.251.2-251.2
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• 2003

The 2,3-trimethylene-4(3H)-quinazolinone and 2,3-tetramethylene-4(3H)-quinazolinone are not the only alkaloids isolated from plants. but are the part of a family of intriguing alkaloids including the bronchodilator vasicinone, anti-endotoxic isaindigotone, cytotoxic luotonins, antibiotic tryptanthrin, and antiinflammatory rutacearpine as well as related alkaloids. (omitted)

• 분석과학
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.243-247
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• 1999

HCl 산성에서 aconitine류 알칼로이드는 Reineke 시액으로 백색의 침전을, 그리고 TCR 시액으로 청색의 침전을 형성하였다. 백색의 침전은 $NH_4OH$ 알칼리성의 물에 녹아 aconitine류 알칼로이드를 유리시키며, 유리된 aconitine류 알칼로이드는 DCE층으로 쉽게 전용되었다. 전용된 DCE층을 분취하여 UV흡광파장을 측정하고 TLC로 분리하였다. 청색의 침전은 DCE층에 전용되므로 전용된 DCE층을 분취하여 UV/Vis.흡광파장을 측정하였다. 이상의 방법으로 aconitine류 알칼로이드를 검출하여 생약이나 제제에서 aconitine류 알칼로이드를 함유한 부자류 생약을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.100-106
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• 2005

To obtain the optimum condition for analysis of 10 alkaloids in tobacco leaves, such as nicotine, nornicotine, anatabine, anabasine, myosmine, cotinine, 2,3'-dipyridyl, $\beta-nicotyrine,\;\beta-nornicotyrine\;and\;\beta-formylnornicotin$, 5 types of extraction method were investigated by GC-FID and GC/MS. The optimum condition of alkaloid extraction was achieved by using methanol:dichloromethane(1:3, v/v) after NaOH treatment. The use of mass selective detector (MSD) provided unambiguous nicotine related alkaloid analysis. Alkaloids in various tobacco leaves were extracted with the optimum extraction condition and quantified by GC/MS/SIM mode. Compared with concentrations of alkaloids among the various tobacco leaves, the concentration of alkaloids was generally in the order burley > flue-cured > oriental tobacco. In flue-cured tobacco leaves, the order of concentration of alkaloids was nicotine > anatabine > nornicotine > $\beta-nicotyrine\;>\;\beta-formylnornicotine\; >\;myosmine\;>\;2,3'-dipyridyl\;>\;cotinine\;>\;anabasine\;>\;\beta-nornicotyrine$. However, in the case of burley and oriental tobacco leaves, the concentration of nornicotine was higher than that of anatabine.

• 약학회지
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.250-254
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• 1992

Benzo[C]phenanthidine alkaloids were found to exhibit considerably strong antileukemic activies. These alkaloids have been shown to be biosynthesized from the corresponding alkaloids throung an oxidative $C_6-N$ bond cleavage followed by recyclization between $C_6\;and\;C_{13}$ position of the protoberberine. Recently we have achieved the biomimetic transformation of protoberberine alkaloid, berberine into benzo[C]phenanthridine alkaloid, chelerythrine.

• 약학회지
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.135-140
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• 2000

Determination of Aconitum alkaloids in processed Buza (Cho-0, Salted Buza, Moist-heating Buza, Limed Buza), which had been prepared from the raw tubers of Aconitum chiisanenseb(Ranunculaceae), was established using visible spectrophotometry and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method especially for Aconitine analysis. Aconitum alkloids were reacted with tetra- thiocy-anatocobalt[II] complex ion to form a stable ion pair. The reaction product was insoluble in water but freely soluble in several organic solvents. 1.2-Dichloroethane was the best extracting solvent among the examined solvents. Spectrophotometry of Aconitum alkaloids at nax. 625 was carried out. The HPLC method for aconitine was carried out using Radial PAK-CN column with gradient solvent system by solvent mixture of acetonitrile and phosphate buffer (pH 3.0) at 4$0^{\circ}C$ and 254 nm. Linear relationship was found between absorbance response and concentration of aconitine in range of 0.45 mM~0.9 mM ($r^2$=0.9949) by spectrophotometry and 0.3 mM~1.2mM($r^2$=0.9983) by HPLC method. These methods have been found to be suitable and reproducible for routine analysis of Aconitum alkaloids and its pharmaceutical preparations.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.121-126
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• 1996

Vinblastine을 포함하는 bis-indole alkaloids에 대한 단일클론 항체를 생산하여 Vinca alkaloids의 양을 측정할 수 있는 간편한 immunoassay체계를 확립하였다. Vinca alkaloids는 periwinkle식물체의 배양된 세포로부터 추출하여 BSA와 접합한 후 Balb/c생쥐에 면역시켜 얻은 비장세포와 골수종양세포의 융합을 유도하여 VBL-BSA에 반응하는 클론을 ELISA 방법으로 분석하였으며 이들 클론 중 bis-in-dole alkaloids와 특이적으로 반응하는 항체는 inhibition assay를 통하여 분리할 수 있었고 그 결과 두개의 단일클론 항체를 형성하는 세포주(KN-1과 KN-2)를 확립하였다. KN-1의 경우 dimeric bis-indole alkaloids 와는 상당한 교차반응을 나타낸 반면 monomeric bis-indole alkaloids 와는 교차반응을 나타내지 않았으며 이 클론의 항체를 이용하여 배양된 세포 추출물에 포함된 Vinca alkaloids의 양을 측정한 결과 0.05 nM정도의 dimeric Vinca alkoloids까지도 측정할 수 있었다.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.138-142
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• 2022

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common age-related neurodegenerative disease in industrialized countries. It is estimated that about 47 million people living with dementia and the number of cases will be tripled by 2050. However, the exact mechanism of AD is not known, and full therapy has still not been found. Various tryptophan-derived alkaloids have been reported as promising agents for the treatment of AD. In the present study, a series of tryptophan-derived alkaloids were isolated and characterized from the methanol extract of Hedera rhombea fruit. Based on the analysis of their observed and reported spectroscopic data, their structures were identified as N-[4'-hydroxy-(E)-cinnamoyl]-L-tryptophan (1), N-[3',4'-dihydroxy-(E)-cinnamoyl]-L-tryptophan (2), N-[4'-hydroxy-(E)-cinnamoyl]-L-tryptophan methyl ester (3), and N-[3',4'-dihydroxy-(E)-cinnamoyl]-L-tryptophan methyl ester (4). These compounds were screened for anti-Alzheimer activity via their inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) enzymes in vitro. As a result, compounds 3 and 4 showed moderate BChE inhibition with IC₅₀ values of 86.9 and 78.4 μM, respectively, compared to those of the positive control [berberine (IC₅₀ = 11.5 μM)]. However, all four compounds did not show significant inhibition of the AChE enzyme. This is the first time, the AChE and BChE inhibitory activities of these tryptophan-derived alkaloids were investigated and reported.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.168-180
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• 2022

Ephedra is a genus of the Ephedraceae family and is found in temperate regions, such as Central Asia and Europe. Among the various ephedra species, Ma Huang (Ephedra herb) is derived from the aerial parts of Ephedra sinica S tapf, Ephedra equisetina Bunge, and Ephedra intermedia Schrenk & C.A. Mey. Ma Huang contains various ephedra alkaloids, including (-)-ephedrine, (+)-pseudoephedrine, (-)-norephedrine, (+)-norpseudoephedrine, (-)-methylephedrine, and (+)-methylpseudoephedrine, which are found naturally as single enantiomers, although they can be prepared as racemates. Although the use of Ma Huang in foods is prohibited in Korea, products containing Ma Huang can be imported, and so it is necessary to develop a suitable analytical technique for the detection of Ma Huang in foods. Herein, we report the development of analytical methods for the detection of ephedra alkaloids in products containing Ma Huang. Following sample purification by solid phase extraction, quantitative analysis was performed using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). Additionally, the enantiomers were successfully separated using HPLC-DAD. We successfully analyzed various food samples, where the ephedra alkaloids were qualitatively and quantitatively determined, and the enantiomers were separated. It is expected that these methods may contribute toward preventing the distribution of illegal products containing Ma Huang.

• 약학회지
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• 제41권5호
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• pp.554-558
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• 1997

Two alkaloidal components were isolated from the ether soluble part of the MeOH extract of the root bark of Euonymus japonica. Their structures were elucidated by the spe ctroscopic analylses as the sesquiterpene pyridine alkaloids derived from polyester sesquiterpenes which are characteristically detected in Celastraceae plants. These include macrocycle formed by two ester linkages between dihydro-${\beta}$-agarofuran nucleus and pyridinic dibasic acid(compound 1:evoninic acid, compound 2:wilfordic acid). The structure of compound $1[C_{47}H_{50}N_2O_{17},\;mp\;161{\sim}163^{circ}C$. $[{\alpha}]_D^{28}=+31.6^{\circ}$(c, 0.1 in EtOH)] was determined as novel structure named as euojaponine N, and compound $2[C_{48}H_{57}NO_{18},\;mp\;142{\sim}145^{circ}C,\;[{\alpha}_D^{27}=+27.0^{\circ}$(c, 0.1 in EtOH)] was identified as ebenifoline W-I reported from Maytenus ebenifolia.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권24호
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• pp.10825-10830
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• 2015

The present study was conducted to investigate effects and mechanisms of action of phenolic alkaloids of Menispermum dauricum (PAMD) on gastric cancer in vivo. In vitro, cell apoptosis of human gastric cancer cell line SGC-7901 was observed using fluorescence staining. In vivo, a mice model was constructed to observe tumor growth with different doses. Cell apoptosis was examined using flow cytometry and K-RAS protein expression using Western blotting. The mRNA expression of P53, BCL-2, BAX, CASPASE-3, K-RAS was examined by real-time PCR. PAMD significantly suppressed tumor growth in the xenograft model of gastric cancer in a dose-dependent manner (p<0.01). Functionally, PAMD promoted cell apoptosis of the SGC-7901 cells and significantly increased the rate of cell apoptosis of gastric tumor cells (p<0.05). Mechanically, PAMD inhibited the expression of oncogenic K-RAS both at the mRNA and protein levels. In addition, PAMD affected the mRNA expression of the cell apoptosis-related genes (P53, BCL-2, BAX, CASPASE-3). PAMD could suppress gastric tumor growth in vivo, possibly through inhibiting oncogenic K-RAS, and induce cell apoptosis possibly by targeting the cell apoptosis-related genes of P53, BCL-2, BAX, CASPASE-3.