• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.90-96
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• 1991

This experiment was carried out in order to estimate the recovery days of root and stubble to the days after cutting, and contribution of specific stubble weight on the regrowth was examined using the relationships between the dry weight of shoot and yield components, and regrowth parameters by the days after cutting. The varieties examined were Maprima, Manhattan, Tove, Peramo, Caliente, Tempo and P-2 grown under individual plant basis. The results are may be summarized as follows: 1. Dry weight of root and stubble were recovered up to 13.5 and 11 days after cutting, respectively. 2. Dry weight of shoot(regrowth parts+stubble) was affected significantly by the varieties, stages of regrowth and variety x stage of regrowth. 3. The variety with tiller weight type showed higher average productivity of shoot than those of the variety with tiller number type. 4. Absolute growth rate(AGR) of shoot was correlated significantly with regrowth parts, stubble, root and weight of a tiller at the early stage of regrowth(up to 12 days after cutting), and correlated with regrowth parts, stubble, weight of tiller and stubble area at the late stage of regrowth(up to 20 days after cutting). 5. Contribution of specific stubble weight to absolute growth rate of shoot was different between the stages of regrowth. Thus, regrowth parts per specific stubble weight(RP1SSbW) and weight of tiller per specific stubble weight(WT1SSbW) contributed to absolute growth rate of shoot at the early stage of regrowth, and efficiency of specific stubble weight(ESSbW), regrowth parts per specific stubble weight (RPISSbW) and weight of a tiller per specific stubble weight(WT1SSbW) contributed to absolute growth rate of shoot at the late stage of regrowth. 6. Regrowth utilization rate(RUR) was one of the useful regrowth parameter to indicate the regrowth potential of grasses.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.309-315
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• 2005

본 연구에서는, 탄소원, 질소원 및 인산염 인의 형태별, 농도별 각각 다른 배양조건에 대하여, 세균의 재증식 특성을 기존지표인 BRP(Bacterial regrowth potential)법과 새로운 지표인 세균 재증식속도를 이용하여 비교평가하였다. 기존지표인 BRP법에 의해 평가된 세균재증식능은 유기탄소원의 경우 Glucose를 주입했을 경우가 Acetate 및 Humic acids를 주입했을 경우보다 상대적으로 크게 나타났다. 또한 질소원에 대해서는 $NH_4^+-N$을 주입한 재증식량이 $NO_2^--N$ 및 $NO_3^--N$을 주입한 경우보다 높게 나타났다. 인산염 인의 경우, $10\;{\mu}gP/L $ 이하의 매우 낮은 농도범위에서도 급격한 재증식량의 증가가 나타났다. 새로운 지표로써 세균 재증식속도에 의한 평가에서는 유기탄소원에 대해서, Glucose의 경우($0.005{\sim}0.082\;hr^{-1}$)가 Acetate($0.005{\sim}0.068\;hr^{-1}$) 및 Humic acids($0.005{\sim}0.008\;hr^{-1}$)의 경우보다 높게 나타났으며, 질소원에 대해서도, $NH_4^+-N$의 경우($0.008{\sim}0.072\;hr^{-1}$)가 $NO_2^--N$($0.008{\sim}0.055\;hr^{-1}$) 및 $NO_3^--N$($0.008{\sim}0.059\;hr^{-1}$)보다 높은 재증식속도를 갖는 것으로 나타났다. 새로운 평가지표로써 재증식속도에 의해 평가된 결과는 기존지표에 의한 결과와 동일한 경향을 나타내었으며, 따라서 세균 재증식속도에 의한 재증식능 평가방법은 기존지표의 단점을 개선할 수 있는 대체지표로, 적용성이 높은 것으로 판단되었다.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.764-772
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• 2020

Objective: Laser ablation is a therapeutic modality used to reduce the volume of large benign thyroid nodules. Unsatisfactory reduction and regrowth are observed in some treated nodules. The aim of the study was to evaluate the long-term outcomes of laser treatment for solid nodules during a 5-year follow-up period, the regrowth rate, and the predictive risk factors of nodule regrowth. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively evaluated patients with benign, solid, cold thyroid nodules who underwent laser ablation and were followed-up for 5 years. According to the selection criteria, 104 patients were included (median baseline nodule volume, 12.5 mL [25.0-75.0%, 8-18 mL]; median energy delivered, 481.5 J/mL [25.0-75.0%, 370-620 J/mL]). Nodule volume, thyroid function test results, and ultrasound were evaluated at baseline and then annually after the procedure. Results: Of 104 patients, 31 patients (29.8%) had a 12-month volume reduction ratio (VRR) < 50.0% and 39 (37.5%) experienced nodule regrowth. Of these 39 patients, 17 (43.6%) underwent surgery and 14 (35.9%) underwent a second laser treatment. The rate of nodule regrowth was inversely related to the 12-month VRR, i.e., the lower the 12-month VRR, the higher the risk of regrowth (p < 0.001). The mean time for nodule regrowth was 33.5 ± 16.6 months. The 12-month VRR was directly related to time to regrowth, i.e., the lower the 12-month VRR, the shorter the time to regrowth (p < 0.001; R² = 0.3516). Non-spongiform composition increased the risk of regrowth with an odds ratio of 4.3 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.8-10.2; p < 0.001); 12-month VRR < 50.0% increased the risk of regrowth with an odds ratio of 11.7 (95% CI 4.2-32.2; p < 0.001). Conclusion: The VRR of thyroid nodules subjected to similar amounts of laser energy varies widely and depends on the nodule composition; non-spongiform nodules are reduced to a lesser extent and regrow more frequently than spongiform nodules. A 12-month VRR < 50.0% is a predictive risk factor for regrowth and correlates with the time to regrowth.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1987년도 전기.전자공학 학술대회 논문집(I)
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• pp.532-535
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• 1987

A laser interferometry of very high spatial resolution was built to study the solid phase epitaxial regrowth of furnace-annealed silicon wafers. As boron concentration increases up to $1.0E20/cm^3$, regrowth rate increases, but pre-exponential term and activation energy are decreased.

• 아시안잔디학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.56-68
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• 1987

During the regrowth the process after mowing, NRA in the leaf was the highest activity from the 5th day to the 7th day. Before mowing, the NRA in the root was not almost detected. But, the NRA in root appeared a rapid increasing activity from the 3rd day to the 4th day after mowing ( Figs.27 ~ 32). During the regrowth process after mowing, a general tendency of AA in the aboveground parts appeared an increasing tendency from the 1st day to the 4th day, a rapid increasing tendency from the 7th day to the 8th day reaching its peak, and a decreasing rate on the 8th and 9th day reaching its peak, and a decreasing rate on the 8th and 9th day. But the AA in the root appeared rapid increasing rate from the 2nd day to the 7th day, the heginning of reagrowth, this tendency showed a similar figure in the case of Total Soluble Carbohydrate ( TSC) in the internode. Both AA and NRA were appeared recovery stage frorn the 8th day after mowing(Figs.15~20). During the regrowth process after mowing, changes of the maximum plant lengths were 18.27cm in the 6cm mowing plot on the 24th day after mowing, 18.83cm in the 3cm mowing plot on the 18th day after mowing, and 18.16cm in the 6cm mowing plot on the 14th day after mowing ( Fig.2). During the regrowth process after mowing. changes in Dry Matter (DM) contents in leaf and stem were a slow decreasing tendency from the 1st day to the 4th day. From the 5th day to the 8th day it appeared a rapid increasing tendency. And afterward until the 15th day. All treatments were reached at a steady state ( Figs.3 ~ 8). During the regrowth process after mowing, changes in the TSC contents of stem and crown were a slow decreasing tendency from the 1st day to the 5-6th day. Prom the 7th to the 8th day three was a rapid increasing tendency. And afterward until the 15th day there was a decreasing rate at a steadyv state. In root there was a similar tendency to that of leaf and stem organs. A general tendency in internode, the TSC content appeared a similar figure to increment of AA (Figs. 9 - 14). During the regrowth process after mowing, changes in te Crude Proem (CP) content of ahoveground parts appeared a slow increasing tendency from the 1st day to the 5-6th day, where it is peak. And afterward to the 15th day there was a decreasing rate at a steady state. But, in toot there were a contrary tendency to that of aboveground

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.81-85
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• 1999

The regrowth of OQPSK power spectral sidelobes from AM/AM and AM/PM amplifier nonlinearity is analyzed. The time-domain expression for amplifier output shows how spectral re-growth will depend on the cubic coefficient of the Taylor's series of the amplifier nonlinearity as well as input amplitude ripple. Closed form spectrum calculations show that the spectral sidelobes produced by AM/PM take the same form as those produced by AM/AM. The rate of growth of AM/PM sidelobes is, however, not as great as for AM/AM.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제28권12호
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• pp.709-713
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• 2018

To improve the etch rate of $Si_3N_4$ thin film, $H_2SiF_6$ is added to increase etching rate by more than two times. $SiO_3H_2$ is gradually added to obtain a selectivity of 170: 1 at 600 ppm. Moreover, when $SiO_3H_2$ is added, the etching rate of the $SiO_2$ thin film increases in proportion to the radius of the wafer. In $Si_3N_4$ thin film, there is no difference in the etching rate according to the position. However, in the $SiO_2$ thin film, the etching rate increases in proportion to the radius. At the center of the wafer, the re-growth phenomenon is confirmed at a specific concentration or above. The difference in etch rates of $SiO_2$ thin films and the reason for regrowth at these positions are interpreted as the result of the flow rate of the chemical solution replaced with fresh solution.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.89-96
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• 2001

Carbohydrate and soluble protein reserves and regrowth characteristics in response to cutting height were investigated over four regrowth cycles of turf-type perennial ryegrass(Lolium perenne L. cv. preludeII). When the plants were at the full-vegetative stage (twelve weeks-old), three sequential defoliations at 3, 6 and 9 cm above the root base were imposed at 2-week intervals. Shoot dry weight in all three treatments continuously decreased with progressing regrowth cycle and the decreasing rate was higher as cutting height was lowered. TNC (total non-structural carbohydrate) in stubble at the end of the fourth regrowth cycle in 3, 6 and 9 cm cutting height decreased by 98%, 82% and 27%, respectively, comparing the initial content. TNC in roots also largely decreased with similar pattern in response to cutting height, whereas the absolute amount was much less compared to stubble. Soluble protein in stubble in 3, 6 and 9 cm cutting height decreased by 98%, 82% and 57%, respectively, at the end of fourth regrowth. A significant correlations between TNC (r=0.906) or protein (r=0.879) at the fourth defoliation and dry weight of regrowing shoots at the end of fourth regrowth were observed. these results indicated that cutting height closely influences the levels of organic reserves available for new growth, and that the levels of reserves might provide a useful tool as a determinant for regrowth dynamics.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.238-244
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• 1995

The objective of this study is to obtain the basic data for investigating the effects of organic reserves on winter survial or regrowth yield. Forage rape(Brassica napus L.) was sown on Sep. 1, 1994. Experimental plots were divided into three replicates under 6 different cutting dates(l0 days interval from Oct. 15 to Dec. 4). Field-grown palnts were sampled on the each cutting date and on the wintering period (Jan. 16) to analyze the nitrogen and non-structural cahohydrate reserves. The rate of winter survival and regrowth yield were also measured in the spring of next year. On the before wintering, dry matter yields were 152, 274, 500, 718, 776 and 981 kg/lOa, respectively, from the cutting date on Oct. 15, Oct. 25, Nov. 4, Nov. 14, Nov. 24, and Dec. 4. Cmde protein yield significantly increased as cutting date was later until Nov. 14, thereafter a significant increase did not occured. Nitrogen and starch contents per plant significnatly increased as the cutting date was later. The increasing rate of starch was greatly higher than that of nitrogen. On the wintering period, nitrogen reserves in mts were 85.3, 68.8, 47.6, 28.3, 44.3, and 55.3 mglplant, and starch reserve were 11 1.3, 75.3, 39.3, 19.6, 26.4 and 34.6 mglplant, respectively, in the plots cut on Oct. 15, Oct. 25, Nov. 4, Nov. 14, Nov. 24, and Dec. 4. It showed that carbohydrate reserves were much highly utilized than nitrogen reserves during wintering period. The rates of winter survival were 91, 83, 46, 22, 35 and 43% and regrowth yields were 692, 545, 316, 84, 127 and 140 kgD.M/lOa, respectively, in each plots. The highly significant correlation (p<0.01) between the level of organic reserves and the rate of winter survival or regrowth yield were obtained.

• 한국잡초학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 1992

올방개의 괴경(塊莖)의 아간(芽間), 재생(再生)및 재생후(再生後) 생육(生育)에 미치는 bensulfuron-methy1의 영향(影響)을 검토(檢討)하였다. 1. Bensulfuron-methyl 무처리구(無處理區)에서는 정아(頂芽)만이 맹아(萌芽)한 반면(反面), 처리구(處理區)에서는 측아(側芽)의 맹아(萌芽)가 유기(誘起)되이 정아(頂芽)의 생육(生育) 억제(抑制) 기간중(期間中) 2-3개(個)의 측아(側芽)가 맹아(萌芽)되었다. 2. Bensulfuron-methyl 처리(處理)로 출아시(出芽時) 엽신(葉身)의 갈변(褐變) 고사(枯死)를 나타내었지만, 그 후(後) 생육(生育) 억제(抑制) 기간중(期間中)에 정아(頂芽) 및 측아(側芽)는 생물학적(生物學的) 활성(活性)을 나타내었다. 3. 올방개는 생육(生育) 억제(抑制) 기간중(期間中)에도 최소한(最小限)의 호흡(呼吸)을 하고 있었으나, 재생전후(再生前後)에 호흡량(呼吸量)이 급속도(急速度)로 증가(增加)되었는데, 증가(增加) 정도(程度)는 정아(頂芽)에서 보다 측아(側芽)에서 높았다. 4. 제초제(除草劑) 처리후(處理後) 재생(再生) 일수(日數)는 51 g a.i/ha 처리구(處理區)에서 정아(頂芽)에서 35일(日)이 소요(所要)된 반면(反面), 제(第) 1 측아(測芽)와 제(第) 2 측아(側芽)는 각각(各各) 29 일(日)과 28 일(日)이 소요(所要)되었다. 5. 생육(生育) 억제후(抑制後) 신경(新莖) 형성수(形成數)는 정아(頂芽)에서 보다 측아(側芽)에서 2-3배(倍) 더 많았으며, 재생후(再生後) 생장(生長) 속도(速度)도 측아(測芽)의 경우가 빨랐다.