• 성인간호학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.493-502
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• 2005

Purpose: To investigate the effects of foot reflexology massage on sleep and fatigue of elderly women. Method: The study was performed from April thru July of 2004 on the nonequivalent control group non-synchronized quasi-experimental design. Fifty elderly women were selected for each group. The foot reflexology massage was performed for 45 minutes every three days for experimental group. The data were analyzed using the Cronbach's $\alpha$, Chi-Square test, t-test and Repeated measures ANOVA and Bonferroni. Result: 1. The sleep score of the experiment group is significantly higher than that of the control group(t=-5.944, p=.000). 2. For the experiment group, it is seen that the sleep score increases as the frequency of the foot reflexology massage increases(F=96.362, p=.000). 3. The fatigue score of the experiment group is significantly lower than that of the control group(t=4.356, p=.000). 4. For the experiment group, the fatigue is relieved gradually as the frequency of the foot reflexology massage increases(F=118.444, p=.000). Conclusion: Based on the results described above, it is considered that the foot reflexology massage is effective for elderly women in promoting a good sleep and relieving the fatigue.

• 임상간호연구
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.46-56
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• 2011

Purpose: This study was to evaluate the effects of foot reflexology massage on the central pain, fatigue and sleep in stroke patients. Methods: The study utilized a non-equivalent control group pretest and posttest design. Subjects were contacted at the oriental medicine ward of D hospital in B city for strokes. The subjects were 25 in the experimental group and 23 in the control group. Collected data were analyzed central pain, fatigue and the change of sleep between pre and post foot reflexology massage using a t-test, $x^2-test$, Fisher's exact test by SPSS 12.0 Win program. Results: There were significant decrease in the central pain, fatigue and change of sleep between pre and post foot reflexology massage. Conclusion: The results proved that foot reflexology massage was an effective stroke patients to decrease in the central pain, fatigue and change of sleep. Therefore, this foot reflexology massage should be effective as a stroke patients.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.284-292
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• 2006

Purpose; This study was aimed to identify the effect of foot reflexology massage on climacteric symptom, fatigue and physiologic parameters of middle-aged women. Method; A non-equivalent pretest-posttest experimental design was used. Participants were recruited from the Community Health Center in Busan, Korea. Forty participants were assigned to either an experimental group(20) or a control group(20). Foot reflexology massage was administered twice a week for 6 weeks in the participant in experimental group. Results: There were statistically significant differences in climacteric symptom, fatigue, total cholesterol and cortisol level. However, there were no statistically significant differences in triglyceride, high density lipoprotein and low density lipoprotein. Conclusion; These results suggest that foot reflexology massage could be utilized as an effective nursing intervention to reduce climacteric symptom and fatigue in middle-aged women.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.105-114
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• 2007

Purpose: This study examined the effects of foot-reflexology massage on body weight, lower extremity edema, and serum lipids in postpartum women. Method: This study was a nonequivalent control-group pretest-posttest design. Postpartum women were assigned to the experimental group (n=16) or a control group (n=15). Foot reflexology massage was applied 5 times a week, for a total of 2 weeks to the experimental group. The tool for measuring lower extremity edema was the girth of the thigh, and the calf. The measuring tool for serum lipids was total cholesterol and TG in blood serum by clinical process. Data was analyzed by $x^2$-test, t-test, and paired t-test, ANOVA using SPSS/Win PC 14.0. Results: There was a statistically significant decrease in levels of TG in blood serum in the experimental group compared to the control group. Conclusion: Foot reflexology massage is a useful nursing intervention that decreases serum lipids level in postpartum women. Therefore foot reflexology massage is recommended as a nursing intervention strategy for serum lipids reduction in postpartum women.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.179-188
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• 2006

Purpose: This study was aimed to identify the effects of a self-foot reflexology massage on depression, stress responses and functions of the immune system of middle-aged women, Method: This study was a one group pretest-postlest experimental design and the data was collected from August $1^{st}$ 2004 to May $31^{st}$ 2005. The subjects consisted of 46 middle-aged women (40 - 64 years) who were recruited from the Community Health Center in Busan city. Subjects were not treated for 4 weeks, subsequently they were trained in self foot reflexology massage for 2 weeks, and then they did their own daily for 6weeks (2 days at the research center, 5 days at home).The outcome variables were measured 4 times, at baseline, pre training, after training, and after the intervention. The collected data was analyzed using repeated measure ANOVA by the SPSS/WIN program. Result: There was a statistically significant difference in depression, perceived stress, systolic blood pressure, natural-killer cells and Ig G. However, there was not a statistically significant difference in dyastolic blood pressure, pulse or serum cortisol. Conclusion: These results suggest that a self-foot reflexology massage could be utilized as an effective nursing intervention to reduce depression and stress responses, and to strengthen immune systems in middle-aged women.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.587-594
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• 2015

Purpose: To identify the effects of foot reflexology massage on fatigue, stress and depression of postpartum women. Methods: A nonequivalent control group pre-post design was used. A total of 70 women in a postpartum care center were recruited and were assigned to the experimental group (35) or control group (35). Foot reflexology massage was provided to the experimental group once a day for three days. Data were collected before and after the intervention program which was carried out from December, 2013 to February, 2014. Data were analyzed using Chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, and t-test. Results: The level of fatigue in the experimental group was significantly lower than the control group (t= - 2.74, p=.008). The level of cortisol in the urine of women in the experimental group was significantly lower than the control group (t= - 2.19, p=.032). The level of depression in the experimental group was significantly lower than the control group (t= - 3.00, p=.004). Conclusion: The results show that the foot reflexology massage is an effective nursing intervention to relieve fatigue, stress, and depression for postpartum women.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.574-583
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of aroma foot massage and reflexology on sleep, depression and problem behaviors on elderly with dementia. Methods: The study was a none equivalent control group pre-post test quasi-experimental design. The participants were 62 elderly with mild mentia. Using a coin toss, 31 participants were assigned to the experimental group and 31 to the control group. The aroma reflex foot massage comprised of aroma foot massage and foot reflexology. The intervention was conducted twice a week for six weeks. Results: There were significant differences in reported sleep and depression between the two groups. However, the issue of problem behaviors was not significant. Conclusion: Aroma reflex foot massage can be utilized as an effective intervention for sleep and depression in conjunction with drug therapy for the management of elderly with mild dementia.

• 재활간호학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.152-163
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• 2003

Purpose; This study was done to investigate the effect of foot reflexology on vital signs, general fatigue, foot fatigue, mood, and blood glucose levels in noninsulin dependent patients. Method: The Research design of this study was nonequivalent control group quasi-experimental design. 18 patients were assigned to the experimental group, 24 patients to the control group. The data were obtained diaberic patients with ambulatory endocrine outpatients clinic patients from 40 years old to 70 years old. Experimental groups received foot reflex massage for 30minutes three times/week every other days, and Control groups did not received foot reflex massage. The dependent variables were blood pressure, pulse rate, visual analogue scale for general fatigue, foot fatigue, mood, and blood sugar levels. Data were analyzed with $X^2$ test, t-test and repeated measure ANOVA at .0.05 level of significance. Results: There were significant difference in the pulse rate, general fatigue, foot fatigue and mood according to group and time between pre and post foot reflexology. But this research did not prove to decrease blood sugar levels. Conclusions : Foot reflexology can imorove pulse rate, general and foot fatigue, and mood status in diabetus patients. So further research need to explore the effect of decreasing of blood sugar levels.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제15권9호
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• pp.249-259
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• 2017

본 연구의 목적은 발-반사 마사지가 지역사회 재가노인의 수면, 우울 및 변비에 미치는 효과를 검증하는 것이다. 본 연구는 비동등성 대조군 전후설계 유사실험연구이다. 연구대상자는 D광역시 소재 2개 노인복지관을 이용하는 65세 이상 노인 46명이다(실험군=24명, 대조군=22명). 실험군은 2주간 1회 20분씩 주 5회, 총 10회의 발-반사 마사지에 참여하였다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS 22.0 프로그램을 이용하여 서술통계, ${\chi}^2-test$, independent t-test, Pearson correlation coefficient로 분석하였다. 본 연구결과, 2주 후 발-반사 마사지에 참여한 실험군은 참여하지 않은 대조군에 비해 통계적으로 유의한 수면증진 (t=-5.60, p<.001), 우울감소(t=3.93, p<.001), 및 변비완화 (t=4.90, p<.001)효과가 나타났다. 따라서 발-반사 마사지는 재가노인의 수면증진과 우울 및 변비 감소에 효과적인 중재임이 확인되었다.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.33-40
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• 2008

Purpose: This study was performed to analyze the trend of foot reflexology research in nursing in Korea. Method: Of studies published in nursing literature between January 1990 and August 2007. The 74 articles were analyzed according to the published year and journal, type of research and study design, subject, and the outcome variables of interventions. Result: Prevailing research designs were experimental research (nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design). Prevailing characteristics of subjects were patients with hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hemodialysis, cancer and others disease (osteoarthritis, cerebral vascular accident, pneumoconiosis). The most frequently performed intervention was Foot-Reflexo-Massage (FRM). The most frequently used outcome variables were fatigue and sleep. The effect of foot reflexology was inconclusive. Conclusion: The finding suggests that a robust research design in foot reflexology research is needed to accumulate a strong scientific evidence and to adopt nursing intervention from the foot reflexology modalities. Meta analysis of foot reflexology research should be done to analyze and integrate the results of various studies.