• Land and Housing Review
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.349-360
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• 2013

Recently new town development projects are increasing including more than one local government such as provincial government new town and Wirye new town. Institution improvement for the development and management of complex boundary new town is necessary because present urban development institution is based on the new town of single local government. The concept of multi-level governance provide good conceptual frame in recognizing conflict issues and searching for a collaborative solution in Wirye new town. The purpose of this study is recognizing the conflict issues in the process of development and management and providing the collaborative management method using the conceptual frame of multi-level governance in Wirye new town. For this, we did interviews for the related persons and experts, reference research and professional forum. We drew some implications from the references about urban development and similar cases such as free economic zones. The main results of this study is as in the following. First, we categorised the main conflicts in the development and management in Wirye into 4 sectors, such school, administrative service, utility facilities and urban infrastructures. Then, we analysed the conflict issues of each categories and composed a conflict-structure of Wirye new town. Second, the structure of conflict in Wirye new town is composed of the confrontations between separated management and integrated management and between wide area management and local management. Third, for the cooperative management of Wiyre, we should construct multi-level governance in three dimensions of administrative council, local government association, and special management organization.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.605-610
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• 2001

To suppress the gas forming caused by some yeast in the pack of traditional kochujang prepared at Sunchang area, which is the most severe problem during distribution of commercial products, mustard or horseradish powder as natural preservatives was mixed to the ingredients of kochujang and left for fermentation in clay pot as commercial scale for 180 day. The composition changes including quality and gas formaing in the kochujang containing those additives were monitored physicochemically and organoleptically. The fermented kochujang containing those additives were monitored physicohemically and organoleptically. The fermented kochujang containing 0.6% of horseradish showed lower organic acid content than that of the control but amino type nitrogen content, which is one of the important quality reference of kochujang, was higher in the one containing 0.6% natural preservatives. No color changed in the kochujang containing mustard but L and a value were increased in the kochujang containing horseradish. No difference of free reducing sugars was showed by the addition of those natural preservatives and the addition of 0.6% horseradish to kochujang had completely stopped gas forming during fermentation. The overall quality of the kochujang containing 0.6% horseradish was superior than that of the other treatments.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.38-44
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• 2008

Rebamipide, ($\pm$)-2-(4-chlorobenzoylamino)-3-[2(1H)-quinolinon-4-yl] propionic acid, is used for mucosal protection, healing of gastroduodenal ulcers, and treatment of gastritis. It works by enhancing mucosal defense, scavenging free radicals and temporarily activating genes encoding cyclooxygenase-2. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the bioequivalence of two rebamipide tablets, $Mucosta^{(R)}$ (Korea Otsuca Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd.) and Mustar (Korean Drug Co., Ltd.), according to the guidelines of the Korea Food and Drug Administration (KFDA). The release of rebamipide from the two rebamipide formulations in vitro was tested using KP VIII Apparatus II method with pH 6.8 dissolution medium. Twenty six healthy male subjects, $23.46{\pm}2.63$ years in age and $66.62{\pm}8.97\;kg$ in body weight, were divided into two groups and a randomized $2{\times}2$ cross-over study was employed. After a single tablet containing 100 mg as rebamipide was orally administered, blood samples were taken at predetermined time intervals and the concentrations of rebamipide in serum were determined using HPLC with fluorescence detector. The dissolution profiles of two formulations were similar in the tested dissolution medium. The pharmacokinetic parameters such as $AUC_t$, $C_{max}$ and $T_{max}$ were calculated, and ANOVA test was utilized for the statistical analysis of the parameters using logarithmically transformed $AUC_t$, $C_{max}$ and untransformed $T_{max}$. The results showed that the differences between two formulations based on the reference drug, $Mucosta^{(R)}$ were -5.08, 3.52 and -9.71 % for $AUC_t$, $C_{max}$ and $T_{max}$, respectively. There were no sequence effects between two formulations in these parameters. The 90% confidence intervals using logarithmically transformed data were within the acceptance range of log 0.8 to log 1.25 (e.g., log 0.84$\sim$log 1.07 and log 0.90$\sim$log 1.17 for $AUC_t$ and $C_{max}$, respectively). Thus, the criteria of the KFDA bioequivalence guideline were satisfied, indicating Mustar tablet was bioequivalent to $Mucosta^{(R)}$ tablet.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.58-67
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• 2014

The proportion of investment in national R&D projects in construction and transportation has been increasing continuously; in terms of the size of R&D projects, there are many medium- to large-sized projects of over KRW 10 billion. However, in spite of such continuous increase in R&D investments, there are many technologies developed but not commercialized, i.e., the quiescence of technology. Accordingly, it is necessary to link the R&D results to commercialization by expanding the scope of R&D projects. In this context, this study presented objective reference prices to be used in contracting/transacting technology and implementing commercialization strategy by conducting technology valuations against on-going research projects with earnings approach, and by estimating value of patented technology. Sum of free cash flow (business value) that can be generated during the life of the technology was estimated as KRW 512 million by reflecting a discount rate of 16.34% to convert it into the present value. In addition, the technology value was computed as KRW 227million by applying a technology factor of 44.39% to the above value. Based on the technology value estimated in this way, it is necessary to establish industrialization and commercialization strategy of the technology.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.34 no.11A
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• pp.882-890
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• 2009

In this paper, we describe a compensation method that can be used for the situation where Loran receivers lose their phase lock to the received Loran signals when Loran signals are employed for the synchronization of national infrastructures such as telecommunication networks, electric power distribution and so on. In losing the phase lock to the received signals in a Loran receiver, the inner oscillator of the receiver starts free-running and the performance of the timing synchronization signals which are locked to the oscillator's phase is very severly degraded, so the timing accuracy under 1 us for a Primary Reference Clock (PRC) required in the International Telecommunications Union (ITU) G.811 standard can not be satisfied in the situation. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a method which can compensate the phase jump by using a compensation algorithm when a Loran receiver loses its phase lock and the performance evaluation of the proposed algorithm is achieved by the Maximum Time Interval Error (MTIE) of the measured data. From the performance evaluation results, it is observed that the requirement under 1 us for a PRC can be easily achieved by using the proposed algorithm showing about 0.6 us with under 30 minutes mean interval of smoothing with 1 hour period when the loss of phase lock occurs.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.36
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• pp.167-187
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• 2014

Animation-related films and game industries have been expanding their markets rapidly responding to sharply increasing public demand. The production processes of major studios are getting more and more specialized and detailed. Therefore, they feel burden to manage and maintain as the HR and physical sizes are getting greater. So, independent studios which perform partial processes of the works are increasing over North America and Europe. Specialized studios build previous functions and related business models. They are expanding their areas. Therefore, this study targeted studios specialized in digital concept art in free production step. The characteristics of such studios were analyzed. To this end, first definitions of digital concept art concepts and functional & artistic features of entire production, and their application to business were deliberated through documents and online. Based on the results, the features of 'concept art service', 'self-brand business/ communication', and 'education service' were drawn. Second, based on it, targeting three con cept art studios such as Atomhawk (UK), FengZhu Design (Singapore), and Studio Gage (Korea), case research was done. Comparative analysis for the cases was conducted. It turned out that concept art studio s lead new market demand through active business strategies such as related contents development, marketing, etc. based on specialization. This research is significant to understand global trend of newly establishing specialized studios market and suggest reference data to improve prospective domestic specialized studios competitiveness.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.1035-1052
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• 2019

Recently, as the demand for immersive videos increases, efficient video processing techniques for omnidirectional immersive video is actively developed by MPEG-I. While the omnidirectional video provides a larger degree of freedom for a free viewpoint, the size of the video increases significantly. Furthermore, in order to compress 6 degree-of-freedom (6 DoF) videos that support motion parallax, it is required to develop a codec to yield better coding efficiency. In this paper, we develop a 6 DoF codec using Versatile Video Coding (VVC) as the next generation video coding standard. To the authors' best knowledge, this is the first VVC-based 6 DoF video codec toward the future ISO/IEC 23090 Part 7 (Metadata for Immersive Media (Video)) MPEG-I standardization. The experiments were conducted on the seven test video sequences specified in Common Test Condition (CTC) in two operation modes of TMIV (Test Model for Immersive Media) software. It is demonstrated that the proposed codec improves coding performance around 33.8% BD-rate reduction in the MIV (Metadata for Immersive Video) mode and 30.2% BD-rate reduction in the MIV view mode as compared to the state-of-the-art TMIV reference software. We also show the performance comparisons using Immersive Video PSNR (IV-PSNR) and Mean Structural Similarity (MSSIM).

• The KIPS Transactions:PartA
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• v.16A no.5
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• pp.357-368
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• 2009

Mobile IP storage has been proposed to overcome storage limitation in the flash memory and hard disks. It provides almost capacity-free space for mobile devices over wireless IP networks. However, battery lifetime of the mobile devices is reduced rapidly because of power consumption with continuous use of a WLAN device when multimedia contents are being streamed through the mobile IP storage. This paper proposes an energy-efficient WLAN device power control technique for streaming multimedia contents with the mobile IP storage. The proposed technique consists of a prefetch buffer input/output module, a WLAN device power control module, and a reconfigurable prefetch buffer module. Besides, it adaptively determines the size of the prefetch buffer according to a quality of the multimedia contents, and it dynamically controls the power mode of the WLAN device on the basis of power on-off operations while streaming the multimedia contents. We evaluate the performance of the proposed technique on a PXA270-based mobile device that employs the embedded linux 2.6.11, Intel iSCSI reference codes, and a WLAN device. Extensive experiments reveal that the proposed technique can save the energy consumption of the WLAN device up to 8.5 times with QVGA multimedia contents, as compared with no power control.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.63-69
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• 2017

This study describes the development of a long-distance hose for ultra-high pressure operation, which can be used in conjunction with an ultra-high pressure pump and can be effectively applied to the fire suppression of high-rise buildings and a long, large tunnels. Also, it has phosphorescent properties, which can help to secure the withdrawal route of the fire-fighters when they are threatened by the fire. We developed an ultra-high pressure hose aiming at a pressure of 3 MPa and a flow rate of 2000 lpm and developed an ultra-high pressure fire hose that can withstand this very high pressure by using a double jacket, triple polyurethane coating and warf (Wp) of 52. In order to ensure the performance of the developed ultra-high pressure hose, its structure, appearance, leakage at high pressure, length and elongation were inspected by a certified certification agency, who also subjected it to a peeling test, friction test, breaking pressure test and free fall test. Also, it was studied in addition to the luminescent high-pressure hose for fire-fighting. In the phosphorescence test, the luminance measurement value was more than the reference value of the luminance test after 40 minutes, which confirmed that its performance was satisfactory for fire-fighting products. In the future, if such an ultra-high pressure fire hose were commercialized and applied in the field, it could contribute to securing improved fire suppression and safer exit from fires, as compared to the fire hoses currently used in the suppression of fires in skyscraper buildings and long tunnels.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.12 no.10
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• pp.1845-1852
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• 2008

The key elements of inter prediction are motion estimation(ME) and motion compensation(MC). Motion estimation is to find the optimum motion vectors, not only by using a distance criteria like the SAD, but also by taking into account the resulting number of 비트s in the 비트 stream. Motion compensation is compensate for movement of blocks of current frame. Inter-prediction Encoding is always the main bottleneck in high-quality streaming applications. Therefore, in real-time streaming applications, dedicated hardware for executing Inter-prediction is required. In this paper, we studied a motion estimator(ME) for H.264/AVC. The designed motion estimator is based on 2-D systolic array and it connects processing elements for fast SAD(Sum of Absolute Difference) calculation in parallel. By providing different path for the upper and lower lesion of each reference data and adjusting the input sequence, consecutive calculation for motion estimation is executed without pipeline stall. With data reuse technique, it reduces memory access, and there is no extra delay for finding optimal partitions and motion vectors. The motion estimator supports variable-block size and takes 328 cycles for macro-block calculation. The proposed architecture is local memory-free different from paper [6] using local memory. This motion estimation encoder can be applicable to real-time video processing.