• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.431-440
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• 2022

Hanwoo cattle are a unique and historical breed in Korea that have been genetically improved and maintained by the national evaluation and selection system. The aim of this study was to provide information that can help improve the accuracy of the estimated breeding values in Hanwoo cattle by showing the difference between the imputation reference chip platforms of genomic data and the scaling factor of the genetic relationship matrix (GRM). In this study, nine sets of data were compared that consisted of 3 reference platforms each with 3 different scaling factors (-0.5, 0 and 0.5). The evaluation was performed using MTG2.0 with nine different GRMs for the same number of genotyped animals, pedigree, and phenotype data. A five multi-trait model was used for the evaluation in this study which is the same model used in the national evaluation system. Our results show that the Hanwoo custom v1 platform is the best option for all traits, providing a mean accuracy improvement by 0.1 - 0.3%. In the case of the scaling factor, regardless of the imputation chip platform, a setting of -1 resulted in a better accuracy increased by 0.5 to 1.6% compared to the other scaling factors. In conclusion, this study revealed that Hanwoo custom v1 used as the imputation reference chip platform and a scaling factor of -0.5 can improve the accuracy of the estimated breeding value in the Hanwoo population. This information could help to improve the current evaluation system.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.681-691
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• 2021

The estimated breeding value (EBV) and accuracy of Hanwoo steer (Korean cattle) is an indicator that can predict the slaughter time in the future and carcass performance outcomes. Recently, studies using pedigrees and genotypes are being actively conducted to improve the accuracy of the EBV. In this study, the pedigree and genotype of 46 steers obtained from livestock farm A in Gyeongnam were used for a pedigree best linear unbiased prediction (PBLUP) and a genomic best linear unbiased prediction (GBLUP) to estimate and analyze the breeding value and accuracy of the carcass weight (CWT), eye muscle area (EMA), back-fat thickness (BFT), and marbling score (MS). PBLUP estimated the EBV and accuracy by constructing a numeric relationship matrix (NRM) from the 46 steers and reference population I (545,483 heads) with the pedigree and phenotype. GBLUP estimated genomic EBV (GEBV) and accuracy by constructing a genomic relationship matrix (GRM) from the 46 steers and reference population II (16,972 heads) with the genotype and phenotype. As a result, in the order of CWT, EMA, BFT, and MS, the accuracy levels of PBLUP were 0.531, 0.519, 0.524 and 0.530, while the accuracy outcomes of GBLUP were 0.799, 0.779, 0.768, and 0.810. The accuracy estimated by GBLUP was 50.1 - 53.1% higher than that estimated by PBLUP. GEBV estimated with the genotype is expected to show higher accuracy than the EBV calculated using only the pedigree and is thus expected to be used as basic data for genomic selection in the future.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.25 no.9
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• pp.944-951
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• 2014

In this paper, evaluation indices of the location selection of satellite ground station is proposed to maximize satellite applications. The evaluation index has been developed based on radio-wave environmental conditions to avoid the radio interference to perform the missions of ocean observation satellite. The radio interference investigation was generated based on professionals of satellite control/operation, calibration/validation, applications. And evaluation index was applied to a candidate site of ground station. In the future, this result may be able to compare with the results of other candidate sites for the best location selection of 'marine mission-oriented ground stations'. According to recent trends of mission-oriented ground stations, the results can be used for location selection of 'marine mission-oriented ground station' as reference.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.7
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• pp.383-387
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• 2020

This paper studies the GUI design of motion-sensing game character selection. The game's GUI plays a role in transferring information in human-computer interaction. The purpose of this game player-oriented GUI design is to optimize the human-computer interaction, make the operation more user-friendly, reduce the user's cognitive burden, and better adapt to the user's operation needs. This paper combines examples to compare and analyze these three games from three aspects: text, color and form. In the existing motion-sensing game games, the character selection GUI has a design feature of high recognition and strong visibility. Finally, suggestions for GUI design of motion-sensing game games are given. It is hoped that in the future, reference materials will be provided for the GUI design of experience game character selection.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.17-23
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• 2019

Background: The resection of head and neck cancer can result in postoperative defect. Many patients have difficulty swallowing and masticating, and some have difficulty speaking. Various types of flaps are used for palatal reconstruction, but flap selection remains controversial. Therefore, our study will suggest which flap to choose during palatal reconstruction. Methods: Thirteen patients who underwent palatal reconstruction from 30 January, 1989 to 4 October, 2016 at our institution. Size was classified as small when the width was < $4cm^2$, medium when it was $4-6cm^2$, and large when it was ${\geq}6cm^2$. Based on speech evaluation, the subjects were divided into a normal group and an easily understood group. After surgery, we assessed whether flap selection was appropriate through the evaluation of flap success, complications, and speech evaluation. Results: Defect size ranged from $1.5{\times}2.0cm$ to $5.0{\times}6.0cm$. In four cases, the defect was in the anterior third of the palate, in eight cases it was in the middle, and there was one case of whole palatal defect. There were three small defects, two medium-sized defects, and eight large defects. Latissimus dorsi free flaps were used in six of the eight large defects in the study. Conclusion: The key to successful reconstructive surgery is appropriate selection of the flap with reference to the characteristics of the defect. Depending on the size and location of the defect, the profiles of different flaps should be matched with the recipient from the outset.

• Journal of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.96-105
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• 2022

The ovary undergoes substantial physiological changes along with estrus phase to mediate negative/positive feedback to the upstream reproductive tissues and to play a role in producing a fertilizable oocyte in the developing follicles. However, the disorder of estrus cycle in female can lead to diseases, such as cystic ovary which is directly associated with decline of overall reproductive performance. In gene expression studies of ovaries, quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assay has been widely applied. During this assay, although normalization of target genes against reference genes (RGs) has been indispensably conducted, the expression of RGs is also variable in each experimental condition which can result in false conclusion. Because the understanding for stable RG in porcine ovaries was still limited, we attempted to assess the stability of RGs from the pool of ten commonly used RGs (18S, B2M, PPIA, RPL4, SDHA, ACTB, GAPDH, HPRT1, YWHAZ, and TBP) in the porcine ovaries under different estrus phase (follicular and luteal phase) and cystic condition, using stable RG-finding programs (geNorm, Normfinder, and BestKeeper). The significant (p < 0.01) differences in Ct values of RGs in the porcine ovaries under different conditions were identified. In assessing the stability of RGs, three programs comprehensively agreed that TBP and YWHAZ were suitable RGs to study porcine ovaries under different conditions but ACTB and GAPDH were inappropriate RGs in this experimental condition. We hope that these results contribute to plan the experiment design in the field of reproductive physiology in pigs as reference data.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.221-236
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to improve the KESLI consortium by analyzing the status of participant organizations and their needs. A survey questionnaire including questions on consortium selection, management, and evaluation was distributed. The findings from the 179 responses indicate that the needs of the participants include issues related to the collection development policy, the cataloging of e-journals, user education, and evaluation. Therefore, KESLI should provide the following: (1) examples of collection development policy used for reference, (2) system development for e-journal cataloging, (3) materials and program guidelines for user education, and (4) education related to evaluation techniques for e-journal usages.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.825-837
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• 2017

Due to the severe impacts of recent earthquakes, the use of seismic isolation is paramount for the safety of nuclear structures. The diversity observed in seismic events demands ongoing research to analyze the devastating attributes involved, and hence to enhance the sustainability of base-isolated nuclear power plants. This study reports the seismic performance of a seismically-isolated nuclear reactor containment building (NRCB) under strong short-period ground motions (SPGMs) and long-period ground motions (LPGMs). The United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission-based design response spectrum for the seismic design of nuclear power plants is stipulated as the reference spectrum for ground motion selection. Within the period range(s) of interest, the spectral matching of selected records with the target spectrum is ensured using the spectral-compatibility approach. NRC-compliant SPGMs and LPGMs from the mega-thrust Tohoku earthquake are used to obtain the structural response of the base-isolated NRCB. To account for the lack of earthquakes in low-to-moderate seismicity zones and the gap in the artificial synthesis of long-period records, wavelet-decomposition based autoregressive moving average modeling for artificial generation of real ground motions is performed. Based on analysis results from real and simulated SPGMs versus LPGMs, the performance of NRCBs is discussed with suggestions for future research and seismic provisions.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2016.05a
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• pp.685-688
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• 2016

SBAS(Satellite Based Augmentation System) broadcasts the correction message based on satellite communication to improve the positioning accuracy of GNSS user. For this reason, SBAS is actively being utilized on navigation part. To apply SBAS to navigation part, it should satisfy not only accuracy but also integrity, continuity, availability, coverage requirements and so on. Since SBAS reference station is the base infrastructure of SBAS, it is the main factor to determine the environment, position, and geometry of reference stations to achieve SBAS service performance. Therefore, a site environmental analysis should be performed prior to the selection of SBAS reference station. In this paper, it performs the environmental analysis of NDGPS(Nationwide Differential GPS) reference station sites on the premise that SBAS reference station will be co-operated in the same site of NDGPS operated by MOF(Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries). The environmental analysis is conducted as carrying out the visibility analysis of GPS satellite and interference analysis. This paper also presents the brief procedures and requirements for site survey of SBAS reference station.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.13 no.8
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• pp.689-695
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• 2004

This paper is concerned with the analysis of the forming load characteristics of a forward-backward can extrusion process. The analysis in this paper is extended to the selection of press frame capacity for producing efficiently final product at low cost. The possible extrusion processes to shape a forward-backward can part with different outer diameters are categorized to investigate quantitatively the forming load, forming energy and maximum pressure exerted on the die-material interface. The categorized processes are composed of combined and/or some basic extrusion processes. After the analysis of the forming load characteristics, the frame capacity of press suitable for a selected process could be determined along with securing the load capacity and with considering productivity. In addition, it is also suggested that different load capacities be selected for different dimensions of a part such as the wall thickness in forward direction. The work in this paper could be a good reference for analysis of complex extrusion and selection of proper frame capacity of press to achieve low production cost and thus high productivity.