• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
• /
• v.45 no.6
• /
• pp.1-8
• /
• 2008

This paper introduces three efficient frame selection schemes to reduce the computation complexity for the multi-reference and variable block size Motion Estimation (ME). The proposed RSP (Reference Selection Pass) scheme can minimize the overhead of frame selection. The MFS (Modified Frame Selection) scheme can reduce the number of search points about 18% compared with existing schemes considering the motion of image during the reference frame selection process. In addition, the TPRFS (Two Pass Reference frame Selection) scheme can minimize the frame selection operation for the variable block size ME in H.264/AVC using the character of selected reference frame according to the block size. The simulation results show the proposed schemes can save up to 50% of the ME computation without degradation of image Qualify. Because the proposed schemes can be separated from the block matching process, they can be used with any existing single reference fast search algorithms.

• 한국벤처창업학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2010.08a
• /
• pp.93-112
• /
• 2010

Consumers show higher interest in fishery products processed food that are effective for the personal health and good for convenience, nourishment and taste. But current domestic research for fishery products processed food is marginal. In this respect, this research systematically analyzes consumers' consumption patterns and relationship to comsumer's pursuable benefit, reference for selection, satisfaction level and purpose of purchase. This research shows results as following. Consumers consider product information the most important in reference for selection, and convinience the highest in pursuable benefit. And this research analyze influence of reference for selection and pursuable benefit on satisfaction level and purpose of purchase using demographic properties as control variables. The variables which affect satisfaction level are residential district(region), recipe, nutrient, convenience, economy and the variables affect purpose of purchase are nutrient, convenienct, satisfaction level. If this result is used to develop new products and industrialize fishery products processed food, consumer market of fishery products processed food can be expanded. And this result can be utilized as fundamental reference for sales promotion.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• v.32 no.2
• /
• pp.159-169
• /
• 2019

Objective: Models for genomic selection assume that the reference population is an unselected population. However, in practice, genotyped individuals, such as progeny-tested bulls, are highly selected, and the reference population is created after preselection. In dairy cattle, the intensity of selection is higher in males than in females, suggesting that cows can be added to the reference population with less bias and loss of accuracy. The objective is to develop formulas applied to any genomic prediction studies or practice with preselected animals as reference population. Methods: We developed formulas for calculating the reliability and bias of genomically enhanced breeding values (GEBV) in the reference population where individuals are preselected on estimated breeding values. Based on the formulas presented, deterministic simulation was conducted by varying heritability, preselection percentage, and the reference population size. Results: The number of bulls equal to a cow regarding the reliability of GEBV was expressed through a simple formula for the reference population consisting of preselected animals. The bull population was vastly superior to the cow population regarding the reliability of GEBV for low-heritability traits. However, the superiority of reliability from the bull reference population over the cow population decreased as heritability increased. Bias was greater for bulls than cows. Bias and reduction in reliability of GEBV due to preselection was alleviated by expanding reference population. Conclusion: Cows are easier in expanding reference population size compared with bulls and alleviate bias and reduction in reliability of GEBV of bulls which are highly preselected than cows by expanding the cow reference population.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
• /
• v.21 no.2
• /
• pp.131-136
• /
• 2003

The method that selects reference points for interpolation is very important in Digital Elevation Model. However, there is no definition of an accurate standard until now, so users select the reference points for interpolation at their option. This paper aims to study on the accurate selection of the reference points for interpolation of DEM. This paper analyzed the method using the number of points and the reference points selection method by using the average distance calculated, from irregular points. Based on the analysis of the results, it shows that the Kriging method applying of the average distance is more efficient in construction of DEM.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
• /
• v.36 no.5A
• /
• pp.457-463
• /
• 2011

This paper proposes theorthogonal reference vectors selection method of the subspace interference alignment. The proposed method selects multiple orthogonal reference vectors instead of using one reference vector for all users at the same time. The proposed scheme selects a reference vector which maximizes a sum-rate for a certain cell, generates orthogonal vectors to the previous selected vector and selects the one of orthogonal vectors whose sum rate is maximized for each cell. Larger channel gain and sum-rate than the previous method can be obtained by selection degree of freedom. The computer simulation demonstrates the proposed method gives higher sum-rate compared with that of the previous reference vector selection method.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
• /
• v.17 no.4
• /
• pp.1329-1341
• /
• 2006

When X and Y have independent gamma distributions, we consider the testing problem for two gamma means. We propose a solution based on a Bayesian model selection procedure to this problem in which no subjective input is considered. The reference prior is derived. Using the derived reference prior, we compute the fractional Bayes factor and the intrinsic Bayes factors. The posterior probability of each model is used as a model selection tool. Simulation study and a real data example are provided.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
• /
• v.32 no.11C
• /
• pp.1066-1072
• /
• 2007

In this paper, we propose a fast multiple reference frame selection method for motion estimation and compensation in video coding. Reference frames selected as an optimal reference frame by variable block sizes motion estimation have the statistical characteristic that was based on block size. Using the statistical characteristic, reference frames for smaller block size motion estimation can be selected from reference frame which was decided as an optimal one for the upper layer block size. Simulation results show that the proposal method decreased the computations about 60%. Nevertheless, PSNR and bit rate were almost same as the performances of original H.264 multiple reference motion estimation.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• v.5 no.2
• /
• pp.408-427
• /
• 2011

Intensive computational complexity is an obstacle of enabling multiview video coding for real-time applications. In this paper, we present a fast macroblock (MB) mode selection algorithm for B frames which are based on the computational complexity analyses between the MB mode selection and reference frame selection. Three strategies are proposed to reduce the coding complexity jointly. First, the temporal correlation of MB modes between current MB and its temporal corresponding MBs is utilized to reduce computational complexity in determining the optimal MB mode. Secondly, Lagrangian cost of SKIP mode is compared with that of Inter $16{\times}16$ modes to early terminate the mode selection process. Thirdly, reference frame correlation among different Inter modes is exploited to reduce the number of reference frames. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can promote the encoding speed by 3.71~7.22 times with 0.08dB PSNR degradation and 2.03% bitrate increase on average compared with the joint multiview video model.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.10 no.4
• /
• pp.28-35
• /
• 2010

The variable block size motion estimation (ME) and compensation (MC) using multiple reference frames is adopted in H.264/AVC to improve coding efficiency. However, the computational complexity for ME/MC increases proportional to the number of reference frames and variable blocks. In this paper, we propose a new efficient reference frame selection algorithm to reduce the complexity while keeping the visual quality. First, a motion vector reference map is constructed by SAD of $4{\times}4$ block unit for multi reference frames. Next, the variable block size motion estimation and motion compensation is performed according to the motion vector reference map. The computer simulation results show that the average loss of BDPSNR is -0.01dB, the increment of BDBR is 0.27%, and the encoding time is reduced by 38% compared with the original method for H.264/AVC.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
• /
• v.18 no.4
• /
• pp.1123-1134
• /
• 2007

This article addresses the problem of testing whether the shape parameters in k independent Weibull populations are equal. We propose a Bayesian model selection procedure for equality of the shape parameters. The noninformative prior is usually improper which yields a calibration problem that makes the Bayes factor to be defined up to a multiplicative constant. So we propose the objective Bayesian model selection procedure based on the fractional Bayes factor and the intrinsic Bayes factor under the reference prior. Simulation study and a real example are provided.