• Title/Summary/Keyword: reduction facilities

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Indoor Radon Risk Assessment by Applying Measurement Concentrations and Exposure Times for Military Facilities and Underground Shopping Malls near Subway stations (군부대 시설 및 지하철 역사 주변 지하상가의 측정농도와 노출시간을 이용한 실내에서의 라돈 위해성 평가)

  • Kong, Jin Seok;Kim, Younghee
    • Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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    • v.42 no.5
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    • pp.345-351
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    • 2016
  • Objectives: The objective of this study was to conduct risk assessment using indoor radon concentration and exposure times. Methods: The target facilities were military facilities before and after the application of radon reduction processes and underground commercial facilities in major subway stations in Seoul. Indoor radon concentrations were measured by passive sampler. Results: Radon concentrations in 13 military facilities were initially higher than the guidelines, but the levels were below guidelines after the application of radon reduction processes. Underground shopping mall radon concentrations near subway stations in Seoul satisfied the guidelines. However, indoor radon effective doses after radon reduction processes in some military facilities and those in underground shopping malls belonged to International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) groups needing control management. Conclusion: Indoor radon management requires risk assessment data that takes into account working time (or residence time) in addition to management according to concentration guidelines.

Assessment of Performances of Low Impact Development (LID) Facilities with Vegetation (식생이 조성된 LID 시설의 효율 평가)

  • Hong, Jung Sun;Kim, Lee-Hyung
    • Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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    • v.3 no.2
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    • pp.100-109
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    • 2016
  • Low impact development (LID) facilities are established for the purpose of restoring the natural hydrologic cycle as well as the removal of pollutants from stormwater runoff. Improved efficiency of LID facilities can be obtained through the optimized interaction of their major components (i.e., plant, soil, filter media, microorganisms, etc.). Therefore, this study was performed to evaluate the performances of LID facilities in terms of runoff and pollutant reduction and also to provide an optimal maintenance method. The monitoring was conducted on four LID technologies (e.g., bioretention, small wetlands, rain garden and tree box filter). The optimal SA/CA (facility surface area / catchment area) ratio for runoff reduction greater than 40% is determined to be 1 - 5%. Since runoff reduction affects the pollutant removal efficiency in LID facilities, SA/CA ratio is derived as an important factor in designing LID facilities. The LID facilities that are found to be effective in reducing stormwater runoff are in the following order: rain garden > tree box filter > bioretention> small wetland. Meanwhile, in terms of removal of particulate matter (TSS), the effectiveness of the facilities are in the following order: rain garden > tree box filter > small wetland > bioretention; rain gardens > tree box filter > bioretention > small wetland were determined for the removal of organic matter (COD, TOC), nutrients (TN, TP) and heavy metals (Cu, Pb, Cd, Zn). These results can be used as an important material for the design of LID facilities in runoff volume and pollutant reduction.

The Methods Calculating the Reduction Efficiency of Nitrogen Oxide for the Facilities Including the Low NOx Burners (저녹스 버너 설치 시설의 질소산화물 저감 효율 산정 방법)

  • Lee, Ki Yong;Talukder, Niladri
    • 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2015.12a
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    • pp.295-296
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    • 2015
  • We presented the methods calculating the reduction efficiency of nitrogen oxide for the low $NO_x$ burner as the pollution prevention facilities. The standard $NO_x$ concentration was used on the emission factor of LNG, $3.7g/m^3$. The $NO_x$ reduction efficiency based on the $NO_x$ concentration was presented and the relationships between the $NO_x$ concentration and the emission factor or the specific heat emission factor were derived. These results could be accurately reflected on calculating the amount of the nitrogen oxide emissions. In addition, according to the arrangement of the low $NO_x$ burners the methods of applying their $NO_x$ reduction efficiency were proposed. The $NO_x$ reduction efficiency for the facilities consisting of the low $NO_x$ burners and the non-low $NO_x$ burners could be estimated with information about the reduction efficiency of each low $NO_x$ burners, the fuel consumption rate, and the heating value of fuel.

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Characteristics of Non-point Pollution Runoff in Mandae, Gaa, and Jaun Districts and Evaluation of Reduction Projects (만대·가아·자운지구 비점오염 유출특성 분석 및 저감사업 평가)

  • Woo, Soo-Min;Kum, Dong-Hyuk;Hong, Eun-Mi;Lim, Kyoung-Jae;Shin, Min-Hwan
    • Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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    • v.64 no.1
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    • pp.65-77
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    • 2022
  • Due to muddy water from the highland fields upstream of Soyangho Lake, the Mandae, Gaa, and Jawoon have been redesignated as NPS management areas. This study aims to evaluate the adequacy and supplementation points of the implementation plan by analyzing the operation status of muddy water generation and reduction facilities through on-site investigations by NPS management area to achieve the effective nonpoint pollution reduction goal in the implementation of the implementation plan established in 2020. The SS load calculated based on the survey results from July to October 2019 from 2017 showed a decreasen in 2019 compared to 2017. Both and the Jawoon were analyzed to have decreased. However, the amount of precipitation also decreased by about 27%, so it was judged that the effect of the reduction project was not significant. As a result of the detailed investigation of abatement facilities, about 86% of the 793 facilities installed in the management area were evaluated as 'good'. As a result of a detailed investigation by subwatersheds, subwatersheds 105 and 106 in the Mandae were analyzed as apprehensive subwatersheds. appeared to fall. In addition, it was analyzed that the effect of reducing muddy water in the Mandae district was insufficient due to the high ratio of leased farmers, lack of efforts to reduce turbid water in leased farmland, conversion to annual crops, and neglect of bare land. In the case of Gaa district, although the abatement facilities are concentrated in the upstream, muddy water was also found to be severe.

An Experimental Study on Runoff Reducing Effect of Infiltration-Storage System due to Rainfall Intensity (강우강도에 따른 침투-저류시스템의 우수유출저감효과에 관한 실험 연구)

  • Song, Jai-Woo;Im, Jang-Hyuk
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
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    • v.7 no.4
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    • pp.85-95
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    • 2007
  • The variation of hydraulic and hydrologic aspect of urban area according to the strongly seasonal variation of rainfall and the increment of urbanization has caused the runoff variation and increased the flood damage, and thus made a difficulty to manage water resources in urban area. Recently, as a part of efforts to resolve these problems, the facilities for reducing runoff increasing due to urbanization have a tendency to install in our country. In this study, more effective Infiltration-Storage System(ISS) is proposed and its reducing effect is analyzed by hydraulic experimental study. The infiltration characteristics of runoff reduction facilities are examined as varying artificial rainfall and a material of infiltration layers being able to consider the influence of urban development. As a result of comparison of infiltration rate of the upper and lower parts, the infiltration rate in the lower part is larger than that of the upper part. Thus, the ISS is more available than existing runoff reduction facilities. Results obtained in this study can be provided fundamental data for improvement of existing runoff reduction facilities and practical use of ISS.

Reduction Method for the Risk of the Chemical Facilities by KS-RBI Program Supporting the Quantitative Cause Analysis (정량적 원인분석이 가능한 위험기반검사(KS-RBI)에 의한 화학설비의 위험도 경감방안)

  • Kim, Tae-Ok;Lee, Hern-Chang;Jo, Ji-Hoon;Kim, Kyu-Jung;Kwon, Hyuck-Myun
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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    • v.12 no.2
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    • pp.110-117
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    • 2008
  • The risks of the chemical facilities were estimated by the KS-RBI(Ver. 3.0) program supporting the quantitative cause analysis, and reduction method for the risks of the facilities was investigated. As a result, we could find that the risks of the facilities decrease with reducing the likelihood of failure (LOF) affected by demage mechanism, inspection number and effectiveness of inspection, and with reducing the consequence of failure (COF) affected by the ratings of the detection, isolation, and mitigation systems. Furthermore, high risks of the facilities would be decreased by reduction of the LOF and the COF simultaneously. Accordingly, the applied plant would be able to achieve the decrease of inspection and labor costs because of the decrease of consequences and inspection intervals through the reduction of risks.

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A Study on the Activation of Non-government Participation in Total Maximum Daily Load System using Private Discharge Facilities Reduction Potential Analysis (개별배출시설 삭감잠재량 분석을 통한 수질오염총량제의 민간참여 활성화 방안 연구)

  • Kim, Hongtae;Shin, Dongseok;Kim, Hyeonjeong;Choi, Inuk;Lee, Miseon;Kim, Yongseok
    • Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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    • v.31 no.6
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    • pp.715-722
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    • 2015
  • Four major river basin in Korea has been managed with Total Maximum Daily Load(TMDL) System. Water quality indicators as targeted pollutants for TMDL were BOD and TP. In order to satisfy water quality criteria, government allocation using public treatment facilities and its action plan has been used. However, the role to improve water quality were recently faced to its limitation. It is time to require the role of non-government allocation in private discharge facilities to control good water quality. This study investigated three different scenarios in reduction demands of non-government allocations about industry and private sewages. The three different scenarios were discharge under 1) legal water quality standard, 2) water quality level in 2011 and 3) current water quality level with maximum value in group. The results showed that reduction potential in water discharge for TP indicator was 1,118kg/day, under second scenario with 20% of deduction. This results arrived at 42% of whole reduction potential costs and 0.012mg/L improvement in water quality. In conclusion, to intrigue voluntary participation in non-government allocation, various benefits such as tax reduction, tax exemption, and water quality trading should be provided.

A Study on the Estimation of Water Pollutants Reduction Ratio in Livestock Manure Fertilization (가축분뇨 자원화 처리시 수질오염물질 삭감율 산정 연구)

  • Oa, Seong Wook
    • Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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    • v.33 no.6
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    • pp.722-727
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    • 2017
  • Livestock manure is known to be the main cause of non-point pollution in agricultural areas. The pollutant reduction ratio of livestock manure recycling to fertilizers was measured in order to analyze the effect on the water quality of the Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) system in Korea. The reduction ratio has been applied by theoretical consideration without a survey, and there is no value for Total Organic Carbon (TOC) newly introducing any organic items. The reduction ratio of each pollutant from this study was revealed as follows: TOC, BOD, T-N and T-P were 0.34, 0.60, 0.37, and 0.42 for individual farm and 0.38, 0.61, 0.45 and 0.44 for entrustment facilities, respectively. The reduction ratio of individual farm was surveyed as TOC 0.63, BOD 0.62, T-N 0.42 and T-P 0.32 for liquid fertilizer, and TOC 0.30, BOD 0.64, T-N 0.40 and T-P 0.48 for compost. The total reduction ratio was derived by multiplying the ratio for liquid fertilizer and compost by the respective load. Compared to the pollutant reduction ratio of the individual farm with entrustment facilities marking the higher in liquid fertilizer and the lower in compost. Through this study, we found the difference of pollutant reduction ratio between a livestock manure recycling process and facilities. Although phosphorus is known as a preservative matter, the treatment efficiency of T-P is analyzed to decrease by chemical precipitation.

Reducing Effect of Traffic Noise Soundproof Facilities (방음시설의 소음저감효과에 관한 연구)

  • Jeon, Gi-Seong;Park, Young-Ho
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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    • v.3 no.1
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    • pp.20-26
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    • 2000
  • In order to propose the design and installation information of vegetation belt, field investigation were carried out in the noise pollution control facilities of highway and the streets of a city for two years(1998~1999), and field tests were performed to analyze the noise attenuation effect of them. The noise pollution control facilities were generally classified into three types (noise barrier and vegetation belt type, mounding and vegetation belt type, vegetation belt type only). Most soundproof facilities were proved the noise reduction effects. But according to width, height, structure, auditory distance and planting forms of them, difference of noise reduction effects were investigated. The soundproof facility was suitable the mounding and vegetation belt type in the consideration of road environment, and the installation standard of vegetation was estimated that the width of vegetation was at least 20m and the length of that was 2 times in the distance from noise source.

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Protective systems for high-technology facilities against microvibration and earthquake

  • Yang, Jann N.;Agrawal, Anil K.
    • Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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    • v.10 no.6
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    • pp.561-575
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    • 2000
  • Microvibration of high technology facilities, such as semiconductor plants and facilities with high precision equipments, due to nearby road and rail traffic has attracted considerable attention recently. In this paper, a preliminary study is conducted for the possible use of various protective systems and their performance for the reduction of microvibration. Simulation results indicate that passive base isolation systems, hybrid base isolation systems, passive floor isolation systems, and hybrid floor isolation systems are quite effective and practical. In particular, the performances of hybrid floor isolation systems are remarkable. Further, passive energy dissipation systems are not effective for the reduction of microvibration. Finally, the protections against both microvibration and earthquake are also investigated and presented.