• Proceedings of the Korea Committee for Ocean Resources and Engineering Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.57-61
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• 2004

According to the research result of existing regarding the seabed organic sediment, contamination it flows from the land and the sea become the enemy in the coastal water. It was caused with the summer season water temperature rise and dispersing recall respect advancement. Phosphorus which is a main reason of red tide actual condition came to reveal vast quantity with the facts that it gushes. Specially, in the case of the coastal closing waters and the nursery, as the corpse and the fresh fish washing veterinarian was imbrued, it is the actual condition where is more deepened. Consequently the development of shallow layer dredging method of that suction power which is stabilized is demanded to be able to dredge only the sediment layer which has not become the pressure and is a main reason of being imbrued. The dredging methods using the pressure difference minimize the suction of the seabed sediment. This method is stable that suction power which occurs from guard difference of the guard and the guard of the dredging system inland water. That's why it is possible to sort dredging of the organic sediment ranging in upper layer sediment and it will be able to expect the minimization of dredging quantity. Increase of the expense that it followsin orthocenter with the fact will not grow. Because the pressure difference of the dredger inland water is occurred by the suction power. Maintenance administrative costs are reduced, because the one of smallest dredging system maneuvers and the barge which affixes an integrated operation system is mainly in a resting. To reduce a dredging hour, it will be able to solve in the condensed water as operating the jar guard post.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.205-211
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• 2018

Remote estimation of water quality via radiometric instruments provides a convenient means for monitoring environmental changes in water bodies in wide areas. Combined with platforms such as satellite, manned/unmanned vehicles, it reduces the measurement cost and time for acquiring water quality information on the interested target areas. To develop accurate retrieval algorithms, however, acquisition of in-situ measurements from various optical environment is critical. In this study, hyperspectral radiometric measurements, the coincident water quality variables, and its optical properties were obtained to analyze the optical environment of the study area. Field data collected around the Tongyeong area showed that the area has optically complex environment, with occasional outbreak of red tide in summer seasons. Effect of water constituents on the optical variables (remote sensing reflectance and absorption coefficients) were qualitatively analyzed.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.163-167
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• 2003

Identification of species within the toxin-producing genus Alexandrium is vital for biotoxin monitoring and mitigation decisions regarding shellfish industry. In particular, the discrimination of resting cysts of only A. tamarense from that of Alexandrium spp. is considerable important to fundamentally monitor and predict this species before vegetative cells occur in the nature. Fluorescent cTAM-F1 DNA probe was responsible to not only binding the activity of the vegetative cells in A. tamarense, but also to the resting cysts, which was treated with methanol after fixation and stained by primuline on the surface The location of fluorescence in cultured vegetative cells and resting cysts was almost at tile bottom of the nucleus. The optimal incubation temperature and time using in situ hybridization were 50-$54^{\circ}C$ and 40-60 min, respectively, to penetrate the DNA probe into cell.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.30-37
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• 2002

Recently, there have been frequent environmental threats associated with the red tide. The discharge of bilge water and waste lubricating oil from fishing vessels is known to be the major cause of such problems. In oder to treat those wastes, post processing units at harbours are being considered, and an accurate prediction of the amount of such wastes is required. In this paper we have proposed a method to estimate the amount of bilge water and waste lubricating oil from fishing vessels. We identified the key parameters affecting the quantity of oily bilge water and waste lubricating oil, and proposed a prediction model. We applied the present model to estimate the quantity of oily bilge water and waste lubricating oil in the sample fishing port.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.750-750
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• 2002

The Airship PKNU is a roughly 12 m (32 ft) long blimp, filled with helium, whose two-gasoline power(3hp per engine) are independently radio controlled. The motors and propellers can be tilted and are attached to the gondola through an axle and supporting braces. Four stabilizing fins are mounted at the tail of the airship. To fill in the helium, a valve is placed at the bottom of the hull. The inaugural flight was on jul. 31.2002 at the Pusan, S.korea Most environment monitoring system\ problem use satellite image. But, Low resolution satellite image (multi-spectral) : 1km ∼ 250 m ground resolutions is lows. So, detail information acquisition is hard at the complex terrain. High resolution satellite image (black and white) 30m : The ground resolution is high. But it is high price, visit cycle and delivery time is long So. We want make high accuracy airship photogrammetry system. This airship can catch picture Multi. spectral Aerial photographing (visible, Near infrared and thermal infrared), and High resolution (over 6million pixel). It can take atmosphere datum (Temperature (wet bulb, dew point, general), Pressure (static, dynamic), Humidity, wind speed). this airship is very Quickness that aircraft install time is lower than 30 minutes, it is compact and that conveyance is easy. High-capacity save image (628 cut per 1time (over 6million and 4band(R,G,B,NIR)) and this airship can save datum this High accuracy navigatin (position and rotate angle) by DGPS tech. and Gyro system. this airship will do monitor about red-tide, sea surface temperate, and CH-A, SS and etc.

• ALGAE
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.343-354
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• 2013

To explore the interactions between the mixotrophic dinoflagellate Biecheleria cincta (previously Woloszynskia cincta) and heterotrophic protists, we investigated whether the common heterotrophic dinoflagellates Gyrodinium dominans, Gyrodinium moestrupii, Gyrodinium spirale, Oxyrrhis marina, and Polykrikos kofoidii, and the ciliate Strobilidium sp. were able to feed on B. cincta. We also measured growth and ingestion rates of O. marina and Strobilidium sp. on B. cincta as a function of prey concentration. In addition, these rates were measured for other predators at single prey concentrations at which the growth and ingestion rates of O. marina and Strobilidium sp. were saturated. All grazers tested in the present study were able to feed on B. cincta. B. cincta clearly supported positive growth of O. marina, G. dominans, and Strobilidium sp., but it did not support that of G. moestrupii, G. spirale, and P. kofoidii. The maximum growth rates of Strobilidium sp. and O. marina on B. cincta (0.91 and 0.49 $d^{-1}$, respectively) were much higher than that of G. dominans (0.07 $d^{-1}$). With increasing the mean prey concentration, the specific growth rates of O. marina and Strobilidium sp. on B. cincta increased, but either became saturated or slowly increased. The maximum ingestion rate of Strobilidium sp. (1.60 ng C $predator^{-1}\;d^{-1}$) was much higher than that of P. kofoidii and O. marina (0.55 and 0.34 ng C $predator^{-1}\;d^{-1}$) on B. cincta. The results of the present study suggest that O. marina and Strobilidium sp. are effective protistan grazers of B. cincta.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.157-165
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• 2010

In June 2010, Geostationary Ocean Color Imager (GOCI), the world's first ocean color observation satellite will be launched. GOCI is planned for use in real-time monitoring of the ocean environment around Korean Peninsula by daily analysis of ocean environment measurements of chlorophyll concentration, dissolved organic matter, and suspended sediments taken eight times per day for seven years. GOCI primary data will support a fishery information service and red tide forecasting, and ocean climate change research. In this paper, the development background of GOCI, user requirements, GOCI architecture, and the GOCI on-orbit operational concept are explained.

• Journal of Chitin and Chitosan
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.185-193
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• 2017

Red tide Heterosigma akashiwo (H. akashiwo), a microscopic alga of the class Raphidophyceae, causes extensive damage to all marine ecosystems. It is essential to reduce the damage to marine ecosystems for them to be used as a resource. In this study, we used organic solvent fractionation to obtain an ethyl acetate-methanol extract from H. akashiwo (HAEM80) and then evaluated its anti-inflammatory activity in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells and a zebrafish model. HAME80 markedly inhibited the production of nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin $E_2$ ($PGE_2$). It also down-regulated the protein expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and decreased the secretion of interleukin-$1{\beta}$ ($IL-1{\beta}$) in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. HAME80 reduced yolk edema and improved the survival rate of LPS-stimulated zebrafish embryos; in addition, the extract significantly reduced the production of ROS and NO and attenuated cell death in this model. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) of the extract was used to confirm the identity of peaks 1-20. Taken together, our data suggest that H. akashiwo is a beneficial anti-inflammatory agent.

• The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.422-428
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• 2019

Fish killing dinoflagellate Cochlodinium polykrikoides has been separated into four genetically differentiated subpopulations globally based on large-subunit (LSU) ribosomal RNA gene, and two subpopulations have been found in the South Sea, Korea. In this study, distributions of the East Asia and Philippines ribotypes were surveyed in the South Sea for 3 years (2014~2016) using quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). The East Asia ribotype was detected in all sampling stations of the South Sea (Tongyeong~Wando) by 40~100% positives for 2014~2016, whereas the Philippines ribotype was detected in some areas of Tongyeong~Goheung by 1~2% positives for only 2016 when the Tsushima Warm Current (TWC) was particularly strengthened. These results indicate that the East Asia ribotype is the dominant subpopulation in the South Sea, also some of C. polykrikoides swimming cells might be transported from offshore to the South Sea via TWC.

• ALGAE
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.299-314
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• 2021

Some species in the dinoflagellate genus Alexandrium are bioluminescent. Of the 33 formally described Alexandrium species, the bioluminescence capability of only nine species have been tested, and eight have been reported to be bioluminescent. The present study investigated the bioluminescence capability of seven Alexandrium species that had not been tested. Alexandrium mediterraneum, A. pohangense, and A. tamutum were bioluminescent, but A. andersonii, A. hiranoi, A. insuetum, and A. pseudogonyaulax were not. We also measured the bioluminescent intensity of A. affine, A. fraterculus, A. mediterraneum, A. ostenfeldii, A. pacificum, A. pohangense, A. tamarense, and A. tamutum. The mean 200-second-integrated bioluminescence intensity per cell ranged from 0.02 to 32.2 × 10⁴ relative luminescence unit per cell (RLU cell^-1), and the mean maximum bioluminescence intensity per cell per second (BL_Max) ranged from 0.01 to 10.3 × 10⁴ RLU cell^-1 s^-1. BL_Max was significantly correlated with the maximum growth rates of Alexandrium species, except for A. tamarense. A phylogenetic tree based on large subunit ribosomal DNA (LSU rDNA) showed that the bioluminescent species A. affine, A. catenella, A. fraterculus, A. mediterraneum, A. pacificum, and A. tamarense formed a large clade. However, the toxicity or mixotrophic capability of these species was split. Thus, their bioluminescence capability in this clade was more consistent than their toxicity or mixotrophic capability. Phylogenetic trees based on LSU rDNA and the luciferase gene of Alexandrium were consistent except for A. pohangense. The results of the present study can provide a basis for understanding the interspecific diversity in bioluminescence of Alexandrium.