• 대한공간정보학회지
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• 제15권1호통권39호
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• pp.3-7
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• 2007

현대사회는 지능적으로 고도화 되는 범죄에 대응하기 위하여 범죄 현상을 분석하려는 노력이 다각적으로 행해지고 있다. 컴퓨팅 기술과 GIS 기술을 이용한 범죄의 공간적 특성을 분석하려는 연구는 범죄 분야에서 최근 관심을 가지는 부분이다. 본 연구에서는 다양한 공간적인 특성이 나타나는 지역을 선정하여 범죄분포의 특성을 밝혀보고자 한다. 범죄는 발생 빈도가 높은 폭력, 절도, 강도, 성폭행의 범죄에 대해서 재구성하였으며 변수 도출을 위한 이론적 배경은 생활양식-일상이론과 환경범죄학을 기초로 하였다. 분석 기법으로는 Hot spot 기법을 이용하여 범죄의 분포 형태를 분석하였으며 버퍼 분석을 하여 범죄 요인과 범죄 사이의 상관관계를 도출하였다. 분석된 자료를 통하여 최종적인 범죄 지도를 작성하였으며 이를 통하여 범죄율이 높은 지역을 공간적으로 선정할 수 있으므로 범죄의 예방에 효율적으로 활용될 수 있을 것이라 판단된다.

• 한국가축번식학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.205-211
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• 1990

Single nuclei from two-, four- and eight-cell mouse embryos were transplanted into enucleated two-cell mouse embryos by micromanipulation and sendai virum mediated fusion. no significant difference in successful injectin rate and fusion rate was found between the cell stages of nuclear donor embryos. There nuclear transplant embryos receiving different cell stage nuclei were cultured in vitro for 96 hours. 75.3% of 255 embryos receiving 2-cell nuclei, 68.2% of 236 embryos reciving 4-cell nuceli and 46.9% of 228 embryos receiving 8-cell nuclei were developed to blastocyst, respectively. The number of blastomeres was significantly(P<0.05) reduced in the embryos receiving 8-cell nuclei, compared with the embryos receiving 2-cell, 4-cell nuclei or the intact embryos. Also the size of blastocysts was significantly(P<0.05) smaller in the embryos receiving 8-cell nuclei, compared with the intact or other nuclear transplant embryos. These results suggest that single nuclei introduced into the enucleated two-cell embryos are able to support the in vitro development of the reconstituted embryos to blastocysts. The prominant retardation of blastocoele formation and cell division was shown in nuclear transplant embryos receiving eight-cell nuclei when they were cultured in vitro.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.31-35
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• 2006

In this study, the effects of the relative humidity and storage time of blended tobaccos at total blending silo on cut tobacco equilibrium moisture contents, leaf moisture contents and migration of casing materials of tobacco types were investigated. To maintain the cutting moisture content(21 $\pm$ 1 %), it is necessary to keep 75 % relative humidity at 28 $^{\circ}C$ at total blending silo. The moisture content of reconstituted tobacco sheet was changed from $13{\sim}14$ % to $19{\sim}21$ % within 2 h after preblending. The contents of glycerin and fructose of tobacco types followed by storage time after preblending were not changed significantly. From these results, it is suggested that 2 h storage time after preblending was sufficient to maintain physical properties of cut tobaccos and tobacco taste and fragrance.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.39-45
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• 1996

Sulfonamides are widely used to treat mastitis of cattle in field. The study was carried out to analyze sulfonamid residues In raw milk from south Kyeonggi area. The milk sample was deproteinated with acetone and defatted with hexane. The residual sulfonamides were extracted with ethylacetate, concentrated under vaccum, reconstituted with the acetate buffer-methanol mixture, reacted with fluorescamine, and then analyzed by HPLC-fluorescence detector(EX. 39nm, Em. 495nm) with methanol : acetate buffer system(3/2, v /v) as a mobile phase. The results analyzed by Thin layer chromatography and High performance liquid chromatography were summarized as follows. 1. A total of 24 cases out of 478 raw milk samples(5.0%) collected during April and May showed positive reaction to sulfonamide residues. Among 24 positive reactors, 9 cases were positive to sulfanilamides(32.1%), 8 cases were positive to sulfathiazoles(28.6%) and 5 cases were positive to sulfamonomthoxines (7.9%) , respectively. 2. During July and August, 31 cases out of 464 raw milk samples(6.7%) showed positive re action to sulfonamide residues. Among them S cases were positive to sulfanilamides, 5 cases sulfathiazoles and 5 cases sulfamonomethoxines(16.1%), respectively.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.31-38
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• 2020

Soil-cement stabilization is a type of ground improvement method which has been used to improve the engineering properties of soil. The unconfined compression test is the commonly used method to evaluate the quality of the stabilized soil due to its simplicity, reliability, rapidity and cost-effectiveness. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of recovered carbon black (rCB) on the strength characteristic of cement-stabilized sand. Various rCB contents and water to cement ratios (w/c) were examined. The unconfined compression test on stabilized sand with different curing times was also conducted for a reconstituted specimen. From the test result, it was found that the compressive strength of cement-stabilized sand increased with the increase of the rCB content up to 3% and the curing time and with the decrease of the w/c ratio, showing that the optimum rCB concentration of the tested stabilized sand was around 3%. In addition, a prediction equation was suggested in this study for cement-stabilized sand with rCB as a function of the w/c ratio and rCB concentration at 14 and 28 days of curing.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.252-257
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• 2007

Escherichia coli HslVU is an ATP-dependent protease consisting of two heat shock proteins, the HslU ATPase and HslV peptidase. In the reconstituted enzyme, HslU stimulates the proteolytic activity of HslV by one to two orders of magnitude, while HslV increases the rate of ATP hydrolysis by HslU several-fold. Here we show that HslV alone can efficiently degrade certain unfolded proteins, such as unfolded lactalbumin and lysozyme prepared by complete reduction of disulfide bonds, but not their native forms. Furthermore, HslV alone cleaved a lactalbumin fragment sandwiched by two thioredoxin molecules, indicating that it can hydrolyze the internal peptide bonds of lactalbumin. Surprisingly, ATP inhibited the degradation of unfolded proteins by HslV. This inhibitory effect of ATP was markedly diminished by substitution of the Arg86 residue located in the apical pore of HslV with Gly, suggesting that interaction of ATP with the Arg residue blocks access of unfolded proteins to the proteolytic chamber of HslV. These results suggest that uncomplexed HslV is inactive under normal conditions, but may can degrade unfolded proteins when the ATP level is low, as it is during carbon starvation.

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.49-53
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• 2012

The present study was conducted to examine the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) during micromanipulation procedures in bovine somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) embryos. Bovine enucleated oocytes were electrofused with donor cells, activated by a combination of Ca-ionophore and 6-dimethylaminopurine culture. Oocytes and embryos were stained in dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate or 3'-(p-hydroxyphenyl) fluorescein dye and the $H_2O_2$ or $^.OH$ radical levels were measured. $In$ $vitro$ fertilization (IVF) was performed for controls. The samples were examined with a fluorescent microscope, and fluorescence intensity was analyzed in each oocyte and embryo. The $H_2O_2$ and $^.OH$ radical levels of reconstituted oocytes were increased during manipulation (37.2~49.7 and 51.0~55.2 pixels, respectively) as compared to those of mature oocytes ($p$<0.05). During early $In$ $vitro$ culture, the ROS levels of SCNT embryos were significantly higher than those of IVF embryos ($p$<0.05). These results suggest that the cellular stress during micromanipulation procedures can generate the ROS in bovine SCNT embryos.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.229-233
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• 2003

PC 리포솜에 최대로 포함되는 DHA의 양은 PC : DHA의 비율이 1 : 0.8인 것으로 나타났으며 이때 적재 효율은 약 91 %였고 AVDL의 경우에는 약 17 %이었다. DHA의 산화를 방지하기 위하여 vitamin C/alginate 리포솜에 병합시킬 수 있었고 TEM을 통하여 제조된 다양한 리포솜의 형태와 크기를 확인할 수 있었다. TBARS 분석법에 의해 $40^{\circ}C$에서 DHA가 포함된 PC 리포솜과 AVDL에 포함된 DHA의 산화정도를 분석하였고, 결과적으로 자연 상태에서 리포솜에 포함된 DHA는 밀도가 높아질수록 산화에 안정하며, vitamin C를 포함한 alginate gel 리포솜은 DHA의 산화를 크게 억제한다는 것을 확인하였다. AVDL은 실험에서와 같은 산화조건에서 DHA의 산화를 초기 3일까지는 거의 완전히 억제하였고 그 이후에도 항산화 효과가 크다는 것을 확인하였다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.872-879
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• 2002

One of the improtant characteristics of core-shell type nanoparticles is the long-term storage and reuse as an aqueous injection solution when required. For this reason, reconstruction of lyophilized core-shell type nanoparticles is considered to be essential . BAB type triblock copolymers differ from AB type diblock copolymers, which contain the A block as a hydrophilic part and the B block as a hydrophobic part. by not being easily redistributed into phosphate-buffered saline (PBS, pH 7.4, 0.1 M). Therefore, lyophilized core-shell type nanoparticles of CEC triblock copolymer were reconstituted using a somication process with a bar-type sonicator in combination with a freezing-thawing process. Soncation for 30s only resuspended CEC nanoparticles in PBS; their particle size distribution showed a monomodal pattern with narrow size distribution. The bimodal size distribution pattern and the aggregates were reduced by further sonication for 120 s but these nanoparticles showed a wide size distribution. The initial burst of drug release was increased by reconstitution process. The reconstitution of CEC core-shell type nanoparticles by freezing-thawing resulted in trimodal distribution pattern and formed aggregates, although freezing-thawing process was easier than sonication . Drug release form CEC nanoparticles prepared by freezing-thawing was slower than from the original dialysis solution. Although core-shell typenanoparticles of CEC triblock copolymers were not easily performed. Cytotoxicity testing of core-shell type nanoparticles of CEC-2 triblock copolymers containing clonazepam (CNZ) was performed using L929 cells. Cytotoxicity of CNZ was decreased by incorporation into nanoparticles.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.151-156
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• 1985

Lactobacillus helveticus YM-1 과 Streptococcus thermophilus CH-1을 환원탈지유 배지에 접종하여 생육특성 및 배양조건을 검토한 결과 두 균은 전형적인 공생을 나타냈으며 혼합배양시 최적 pH와 온도는 각각 6.5와 4$0^{\circ}C$였다. 또한 두 균 사이에는 단백질 분해력의 차이가 현저하였고 L.helveticus의 배양여액에는 S. thermophilus의 생육을 촉진시키는 물질이 함유되어 있음을 관찰하였다.