• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.146-151
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• 2017

Objective: To identify differences in the expression of the genes for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor $(PPAR)-{\gamma}$, cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, and the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor $(TNF)-{\alpha}$ in granulosa cells (GCs) from polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients and controls undergoing controlled ovarian stimulation. Methods: Nine patients with PCOS and six controls were enrolled in this study. On the day of oocyte retrieval, GCs were collected from pooled follicular fluid. Total mRNA was extracted from GCs. Reverse transcription was performed and gene expression levels were quantified by realtime quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results: There were no significant differences in age, body mass index, and total gonadotropin dose, except for the ratio of luteinizing hormone to follicle-stimulating hormone between the PCOS and control groups. $PPAR-{\gamma}$ and COX-2 mRNA was significantly downregulated in the GCs of PCOS women compared with controls (p= 0.034 and p= 0.018, respectively), but the expression of IL-6 and $TNF-{\alpha}$ mRNA did not show significant differences. No significant correlation was detected between the expression of these mRNA sequences and clinical characteristics, including the number of retrieved oocytes, oocyte maturity, cleavage, or the good embryo rate. Positive correlations were found among the $PPAR-{\gamma}$, COX-2, IL-6, and $TNF-{\alpha}$ mRNA levels. Conclusion: Our data may provide novel clues regarding ovarian GC dysfunction in PCOS, and indirectly provide evidence that the effect of $PPAR-{\gamma}$ agonists in PCOS might result from alterations in the ovarian follicular environment. Further studies with a larger sample size are required to confirm these proposals.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.23 no.7
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• pp.861-868
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• 2019

Various server-based services such as big data, IoT and artificial intelligence have been made online. As a result, the demand for IDC to support stable server operation is increasing. IDC is a server-based facility with a stable line and power supply facility that manages 20 to 30 servers in an efficiently separated rack-level subnetwork. Here, we need a way to efficiently manage servers security, firewall, and traffic on a rack-by-rack basis. Including traffic shaping capabilities that control routers, firewalls, IPS, and line speeds, as well as VPN technology, a recent interest. If three or five kinds of commercial equipment are adopted to support this, it may be a great burden to the management cost as well as the introduction cost. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a method to implement the five functions in one rack-unit small integrated security router. In particular, IDC intends to integrate traffic shaping and IPS, which are essential technologies, and to propose the utility accordingly.

• Entomological Research
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• v.48 no.6
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• pp.522-532
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• 2018

As the vector-borne diseases rapidly increased due to climate change, we investigated the incidence of flavivirus occurrence among female mosquito species in urban and rural study sites in Daegu and Gunwi, South Korea using Realtime PCR. We collected more individuals and more species of mosquito in 2016 than in 2015. In 2015, we recorded a total of 22,033 mosquitoes (Trap Index, 224.8) representing 10 species from 5 genera, whereas in 2016, a total of 27,137 mosquitoes (Trap Index, 278.7) representing 13 species from 6 genera were collected. The number of mosquitoes in 2016 was higher in all study sites, except in the migratory bird habitats where the number decreased. Of the 14 species collected over the two years, Aedes vexans nipponii and Anopheles spp. were dominant in the cowsheds in rural farmland; Culex pipiens complex, in urban residential areas; and, Anopheles spp. and Cu. pipiens complex in migratory bird habitats caught in a black light trap. Cu. pipiens complex and Ae. albopictus in urban parks and Ae. albopictus and Armigeres subalbatus in migratory bird habitats were the dominant species caught in BG-sentinel traps. We found that the number of mosquitoes was highest during July-September. We analyzed 1,725 pools to detect flavivirus, where Chaoyang virus was detected among Ae. vexans niponii collected from cowsheds in rural farmland in 2016. The increased number of mosquitoes recorded in 2016 was mainly due to increased temperatures in the study areas, and reflected the change in study sites.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.468-474
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• 2022

In this paper, we propose a method to implement a real-time fire alarm system using deep learning. The deep learning image dataset for fire alarms acquired 1,500 sheets through the Internet. If various images acquired in a daily environment are learned as they are, there is a disadvantage that the learning accuracy is not high. In this paper, we propose a fire image data expansion method to improve learning accuracy. The data augmentation method learned a total of 2,100 sheets by adding 600 pieces of learning data using brightness control, blurring, and flame photo synthesis. The expanded data using the flame image synthesis method had a great influence on the accuracy improvement. A real-time fire detection system is a system that detects fires by applying deep learning to image data and transmits notifications to users. An app was developed to detect fires by analyzing images in real time using a model custom-learned from the YOLO V4 TINY model suitable for the Edge AI system and to inform users of the results. Approximately 10% accuracy improvement can be obtained compared to conventional methods when using the proposed data.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.69-74
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• 2013

Objectives : Since hypopigmentation is known to increase the risk of skin cancer, melanogenesis in the skin needs to be regulated. Here, we evaluated the melanogenesis stimulatory effects of a modified Goagium herbal remedy (HR) and HR+ox bile (Bos taurus domesticus) extract (OBE) to address hypopigmentation disorders. Methods : B16F10 melanoma cells were treated with different dosages of HR and HR+OBE for 24 to 48 h after 1 h of 10 nM ${\alpha}$-melanocyte stimulating hormone (${\alpha}$-MSH). After the treatment, cell viability, tyrosinase activity, melanin synthesis and the expression of genes related to melanin synthesis were measured and the regulation of the ${\alpha}$-MSH signalling through cAMP responding element binding protein (CREB) was determined. Results : HR and HR+OBE with the ranges of $15{\sim}100{\mu}g/mL$ did not affect cell viability in melanoma cells. The 1 h treatment of HR+OBE (50 and $100{\mu}g/mL$) potentiated the phosphorylation of CREB by enhancing ${\alpha}$-MSH signaling and its 24 h treatment increased CREB expression. Consistent with CREB potentiation, their treatment for 24 h, the expression of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MIFT), tyrosinase, tyrosinase related protein (TRP)-1 and TRP-2 were increased in realtime PCR. Ultimately, the 48 h treatment of HR+OBE (50 and $100{\mu}g/mL$) increased tyrosniase activity and melanin contents in the melanoma cells in comparison to the control. Conclusions : HR+OBE (50 and $100{\mu}g/mL$) increases melanin synthesis in B16F10 melanoma cells via the stimulation of tyrosinase activity and expression of MIFT, tyrosinase, TRP-1 and TRP-2. HR+OBE can be used as the a possible treatment for hypopigmentation of the skin.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2021.10a
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• pp.447-448
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• 2021

The boundary-based security architecture has the advantage of easy deployment of security solutions and high operational efficiency. The boundary-based security architecture is easy to detect and block externally occurring security threats, but is inappropriate to block internally occurring security threats. Unfortunately, internal security threats are increasing in frequency. In order to solve this problem, a zero trust model has been proposed. The zero trust model requires a real-time monitoring function to analyze the behavior of a subject accessing various information resources. However, there is a limit to real-time monitoring of file access of a subject confirmed to be trusted in the system. Accordingly, this study proposes a method to monitor user's file access in real time. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed monitoring method, the target function was verified after the demonstration implementation. As a result, it was confirmed that the method proposed in this study can monitor access to files in real time.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2021.10a
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• pp.292-294
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• 2021

The digital twin-based smart pipe integrated management system is an integrated solution for efficient operation and monitoring that we propose. We buried a waterway pipe underground with self-diagnostic and condition monitoring sensor functions. This pipe sends sensing data and accumulates it. Our system analyzes data to make smart decisions. The main functions of this system are remote control and monitoring. Therefore, "how to configure monitoring in real time" is a big issue. For this purpose, we designed a special real-time-based agent function. In this paper, to solve this problem, a layered architecture was proposed based on transmission points where sensor data are exchanged. An agent was placed in each layer to look at the lower layer and periodically monitor whether there were any changes in the sensor in real time. Finally, the agent system was designed and the conceptual model level was implemented to verify excellence.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2022.10a
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• pp.389-391
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• 2022

Efforts by the Ministry of Environment and local governments in Korea are continuing to manage the aging of water supply and sewage buried underground. With the support of the Korea Institute of Environmental Industry and Technology's water and sewage innovation technology development project, it is conducting a project to predict and exchange accidents due to aging, and to apply smart functions to new buried pipes. As one of these studies, this paper proposes the design of a dashboard concept model for digital twin-based smart pipe health monitoring, one of the key features of the entire study. Since remote control and monitoring are one of the main functions, distributed transmission and reception agents are deployed to visualize monitoring situations in real time and to increase user affinity by deploying intuitive UI. To validate the design of this proposed special digital twin based smart pipe state monitoring, we construct the conceptual model level and measure the agent effectiveness to validate its excellence.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.29 no.7
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• pp.887-892
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• 2023

Vessel traffic service(VTS) centers are equipped with RADAR, AIS(Automatic Identification System), weather sensors, and VHF(Very High Frequency). VTS operators use this equipment to observe the movement of ships operating in the VTS area and provide information. The VTS data generated by these various devices is highly valuable for analyzing maritime traffic situation. However, owing to a lack of compatibility between system manufacturers or policy issues, they are often not systematically managed. Therefore, we developed the VTS Bigdata Platform that could efficiently collect, store, and manage control data collected by the VTS, and this paper describes its design and implementation. A microservice architecture was applied to secure operational stability that was one of the important issues in the development of the platform. In addition, the performance of the platform could be improved by dualizing the storage for real-time navigation information. The implemented system was tested using real maritime data to check its performance, identify additional improvements, and consider its feasibility in a real VTS environment.

• Journal of Satellite, Information and Communications
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.37-44
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• 2011

COMS(Chollian) satellite which was launched on June 26, 2010 has three payloads for Ka-band communications, geostationary ocean color imaging and meteorological imaging. In order to make efficient use of the geostationary satellite, a concept of mission operations has been considered from the beginning of the satellite ground control system development. COMS satellite mission operations are classified by daily, weekly, monthly, and seasonal operations. Daily satellite operations include mission planning, command planning and transmission, telemetry processing and analysis, ranging and orbit determination, ephemeris and event prediction, and wheel off-loading set point parameter calculation. As a weekly operation, North-South station keeping maneuver and East-West station keeping maneuver should be performed on Tuesday and Thursday, respectively. Spacecraft oscillator updating parameter should be calculated and uploaded once a month. Eclipse operations should be performed during a vernal equinox and autumnal equinox season. In this paper, operational validations of the major functions in COMS SGCS are presented for the first three month of in-orbit test operations. All of the major functions have been successfully verified and the COMS SGCS will be used for the mission operations of the COMS satellite for 7 years of mission life time and even more.