• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.18 no.8
• /
• pp.1090-1095
• /
• 2008

Marbling (intramuscular fat) is an important factor in determining meat quality in Korean beef market. A grain based finishing system for improving marbling leads to inefficient meat production due to an excessive fat production. Identification of intramuscular fat-specific gene might be achieved more targeted meat production through alternative genetic improvement program such as marker assisted selection (MAS). We carried out ddRT-PCR in 12 and 27 month old Hanwoo steers and detected 300 bp PCR product of the inducible cAMP early repressor (ICER) gene, showing highly gene expression in 27 months old. A 1.5 kb sequence was re-sequenced using primer designed base on the Hanwoo EST sequence. We then predicted the open reading frame (ORF) of ICER gene in ORF finder web program. Tissue distribution of ICER gene expression was analysed in eight Hanwoo tissue using realtime PCR analysis. The highest ICER gene expression showed in Small intestine followed by Longissimus dorsi. Interestingly, the ICER gene expressed 2.5 time higher in longissimus dorsi than in same muscle type, Rump. For gene expression analysis in high- and low marbled individuals, we selected 4 and 3 animal based on the muscle crude fat contents (high is 17-32%, low is 6-7% of crude fat contents). The ICER gene expression was analysed using ANOVA model. Marbling (muscle crude fat contents) was affected by ICER gene (P=0.012). Particularly, the ICER gene expression was 4 times higher in high group (n=4) than low group (n=3). Therefore, ICER gene might be a functional candidate gene related to marbling in Hanwoo.

• The Korean Journal of Elementary Counseling
• /
• v.7 no.2
• /
• pp.101-115
• /
• 2008

The purposes of this study were to consist an anger control program in order to help children confirm and modify their cognitive errors in peer anger-provoking situations(Lee Mi-gyeong, 2006), that and to examine the effects of this program on anger-provoking experience, anger controllability and peer relationship. The cognitive-behavioral anger control program was consisted of 16 sessions. The focus of the program were placed on perceiving angry feelings, confirming automatic thinking and cognitive errors and acquiring how to correct the cognitive errors(1st-10th sessions), and checking cognitive errors in 13 anger-provoking situations and practicing way to correct the errors(11th-15th sessions). To examine the effects of the program, 10 children who had a lot of anger-provoking experiences, and were poor at anger control and faced difficulties with peer relationship were selected. The cognitive-behavioral anger control program was implemented for eight weeks, twice a week, 40 minutes each. The collected data were analysed by the ANOVA method using the SPSS and Kwakstat(Kwak Ho-wan, 1993). What cognitive errors children made and how they modified the errors during the program were checked. The findings of the study were as follows: The cognitive-behavioral anger control program served to cut down on the anger-provoking experiences, to improve their anger controllability, to boost their peer relationship, and that effect lasted till six weeks later. And the cognitive errors they made during the program were in the order as follows: stating the oughtness of their behavior, followed by naming, seeing everything in black and white, emotional judgment, mind reading, linking the situation to themselves, overgeneralizing, and hasty conclusion. The ways to correct the cognitive errors were in the order as follows: putting oneself in another's place, explaining in a different manner, looking for proof, thinking of it is so difficult to indure, thinging of there is moral to it, and thinking of how angry after passing time.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.39 no.4
• /
• pp.49-59
• /
• 2011

This study is a reinterpretation of characteristics of public space in contemporary cities with a view to liminal space. The conditions of pubic space now cannot be captured through the existing discourses of publicness, and public space. The basic premise of the study is that the idea of liminal space or liminality is useful to grasp the fluid and hybrid attribute of public space in contemporary cities. Liminal space, originally from anthropological studies, is the intermingled stage between two realms and the sustained period of the ritual. The idea has been widely used for various cultural phenomenon and spatial experiences. A literature review on public space and liminal space was carried out. Cases pertaining to public space with a view to liminal space were examined and discussed in detail. Through the careful reading of several public spaces with an angle toward liminal space, the new perspective toward public space will be drawn out. First, we need to emphasize the fluid spectrum of public space rather than the serial stage such as the public, the semi-public, the semi-private, and the private. Second, the idea will contribute to understanding the flexible state depending upon time. What we can learn from case studies is the volatile characteristics in public space as a common phenomenon support its vitality. This interpretation will contribute to the perception of a new horizon of public space. The nature of public space is unpredictable and free. In reality, the spectrum of public space will expand and fluctuate. Ironically, public space can be vitalized through enhancing and activating the private space. The intimate and complicated interface between the two realms is a key issue. The boundary of public space might be redefined to embrace the flexible the fragile nature of changing public space. These research implications will guide the thoughtful design and management of pubic space.

• 대한공업교육학회지
• /
• v.38 no.1
• /
• pp.163-194
• /
• 2013

This study aims at giving examples that can be applied in the real education field, and it develops theme-based integrative education program for Industrial Specialized high school students. It analyzed the models of many scholars about the development of education course, and devised developmental models and procedures of the theme-based integrative education program of engineering specialized high school from those. As a result, it used and reorganized ADDIE model which is the systematic education course development model and the theme-based integrative education development model of Frazee and Rudnitski(1995) as the basic structure, and came to devise theme-based integrative education program of engineering specialized high school while referring to creative engineering design education program development model by Lee Chang-hoon. This study that is theme-based integrative education program for engineering-specialized high school students and is the result of this study has the following characters. First, This theme-based integrative education program that is developed for engineering-specialized high school students can be applied and the initial example that approach the Theme-Based. Second, This Education Program included the Activity project that is "Making Maglev" for the third grade at the engineering-specialized high school and One of the Program's aim is to bring up their attitude that engaged to in the class having the Interest. Third, Theme-based integrative education program for engineering-specialized high school is composed the workbook for the students and the teaching guidance plan for the teachers. Workbook for the students is composed four Units;"Brief about the Maglev","Basic principles about the Maglev","Intensive principles about the Maglev", Activity project about the Maglev". And each unit is made by Learning Purpose, Introducing, Learning Contents(Deepen Learning, Reading Magazines), Assesment etc. Teaching guidance plan for the teachers include that Summary, Purpose, Time Planing & Streaming Map for the class, contents associated Maglev, prerequisite learning, constructure of the education program, flow chart, learning activity, assesment(self-appraiser and peer review).

• 대한공업교육학회지
• /
• v.38 no.1
• /
• pp.49-67
• /
• 2013

The purpose of this study is to analyze the external systems and the units 'problem solving and invention' of the middle school technology and home economics 1 textbooks of the revised 2011 national curriculum in an effort to provide some information on the content system of invention education in technology class, as invention education was provided as part of a regular subject for the first time. The findings of the study were as follows: First, 'Technology and Inventions' chapter of Technology and Home Economics 1 Textbooks occupied 10-18% share, with the subchapter of 'Problem Solving and Invention' unit taking up 6.7-29% of the textbooks. Second, for most textbooks, 'Technological Problem Solving', 'Idea Generation' 'Multi-dimensional Projection Method', 'Expansive Thought-Processing Methodology', 'Converging Thought Methodology' and 'Invention in Everyday Lives' were included as main contents based on the accomplishment criteria presented in education process interpretation documents. Third, the detailed structures were generally made up as follows: Introduction (Broad Chapter Title, Subchapter Table of Contents, Introduction, Subchapter Title, Study Objectives, Open Thinking); Development (Unit Title, Thinking Ahead, Core Terms, Main Text, Study Helper, Activities, Research Exercises, Supplemental Readings, In-depth Study Topics, Technology in Everyday Lives, Reading Topics, Discussion Topics, and Career Helpers); and Summary (Subchapter Summary, Study Summary, Terms Summary, Writing Follow-up, Self Review, Broad Chapter Evaluation). Fourth, based on the analysis of figures included, photographs had the largest share, followed by figures, tables, and graphs. The photos were used to illustrate various inventions, invention methodologies, and exercise activities, while figures were included to depict the contents included in the main text, and the tables to assist to preparation of process diagrams or materials lists. Fifth, based on the analysis of content weights, greater weights were placed on 'Inventions and Thoughts', and 'Invention Experiment Activities,' while 'Understanding Inventions' and 'Invention and Patents' chapters did not have a lot of texts involved. Sixth, based on the analysis of content presentation methods, most textbooks combined figures, tables, illustrations and texts to discuss the topics. Based on the above study results, we suggest the following: First, a consistent education curriculum should be developed over the topic of invention; and second, more precise and systematic analysis of textbooks would need to be performed.

• The Journal of Art Theory & Practice
• /
• no.2
• /
• pp.75-120
• /
• 2004

Studies on western art in Korea has been caught in a dilemma that they could deal with only those things which had been arranged according to their 'historical generalization' in their contexts because of the bounds of time and space. It is not trivial that such conditions affect art studies in Korea. Access to the original texts and to their contexts of production is so restricted that the studies on them are prone to he superficial. And it is not independent on the politics of Korean art scene. Such factors are on the background of Korean art's excessive 'assimilation or accordance' with western art. The domestic studies on western art history and art theory have failed to notice the differences in context and Korean art has simply mediated or reproduced the restricted information by those studies. Also the studies on western art in Korea have been made use of as a justifying method of one's own academic domains. In such situations we should lead the studies on western art history and western art theory to a more reflective direction and confirm that the studies should not have any privileges of the realities. And we should try to reform a scholarship which participates in our life and existence. The field of domestic studies on western art history and western art theory should free itself from the invention of objectivity or the neutrality of mechanical reading and turn its eyes to the realities of life where events happens. Constantly suggesting which way Korean art and world art should go has to be the field's new coordinates.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
• /
• s.30
• /
• pp.113-137
• /
• 2013

The accessibility and effect of cartoon on children are very significant. Since cartoon is a medium of conveying information through text and pictures, it has a characteristic of being easily approached by children than any other medium. Its accessibility to children is inevitably more exceptional than any other medium in the sense that it is a method of not only telling or reading stories but also showing stories. The main audience of is children. It has a characteristic of being easily accepted by children since it's mythology seen in cartoon than read in text. However, gods conducts are full of unethical expressions. Sexual expressions of intermarriages between mother and son, between brother and sister and between uncle and niece, as well as extramarital intercourse are very unethical that could have negative effects on children. This study analyzed the unethical expressions of gods that could have negative effects on children at current point in time. Zeus was often unfaithful to his wife with many stories about the children of Zeus that were created from extramarital intercourse. Standard of value on rational decision has been established for adult readers, but children can readily accept things since they lack their own rational decision on what's right and wrong. As an alternative to children's uncritical observatory study, there is a need for author's intervention to help children form desirable values. The purpose of this study is to analyze the sexual expressions of Zeus and gods in that could affect children's social study.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
• /
• s.50
• /
• pp.75-99
• /
• 2018

Makoto Shinkai, an animated film maker in Japan, has been featured as a one-person production system and as a 'writer of light', but his 2016 release of "Your Name" was a departure from the elements that characterize his existing works. At the same time, by the combination of the traditional musubi(むすび) story, ending these, it was a big hit due to its rich narratives and attraction of open interpretation possibility. As it can be guessed from the title of this work, this work shows the encounter between the Japanese ancient language and the modern language in relation to the 'name', and presents the image that the role of the name(language) is repeatedly emphasized with various variations in events for the perfect 'encounter'. In this work, the interpretations of $Signifi\acute{e}$ for characters and objects are extended and reserved as a metaphorical role of the similarity, depending on the meaning of the subject which they touch. The relationship between words and objects analyzed through the structure of Signifiant and $Signifi\acute{e}$ is an epoch-making ideological discovery of modern times revealed through F. Saussure. Focusing on "the difference" between being this and that from the notion of Saussure, Derrida dismissed logocentrism, rationalism that fully obeyed the order of Logos. Likewise, dismissing the center, or dismissing the owner had emerged after the exclusive and closed principle of metaphysics in the west was dismissed. Derrida's definition of 'deconstruction' is a philosophical strategy that starts with the insight on the nature of language. 'Dissemination,' a metaphor that he used as a methodological concept to read texts acts as interpretation and practice (or play), but does not pursue an ultimate interpretation. His 'undecidability' does not start with infinity, but ends with infinity. The researcher testifies himself and identifies that we can't be an interpreter of the world because we, as a human are not the subject of language but a user. Derrida also interpreted the world of things composed of Signifiant and $Signifi\acute{e}$ as open texts. In this respect, this study aimed to read Makoto's works telling about the meeting of a thing and a thing with name as a guide, based on Derrida's frame of 'deconstruction' and 'dissemination.' This study intends to re-consider which relationship the Signifiant and $Signifi\acute{e}$ have with human beings who live in modern times, examine the relationship between words and objects presented in this work through Jacques Derrida's destruction and dissemination concepts, and recognize that we are merely a part of Signifiant and $Signifi\acute{e}$. Just as Taki and Mitsuha confirm the existence by asking each other, we are in the world of things, expecting musubi that a world of names calls me.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
• /
• v.7 no.4 s.26
• /
• pp.151-162
• /
• 2005

Variable Message Sign (VMS), which provides drivers with direct information about state of traffic congestion and for prevent an accident, is the most effective method among the methods of providing information in Advanced Transportation Management System. Currently establishment and the VMS which is operated foundation lets in Guidelines on the use of Variable message sign (a book of the VMS) of 1999 November the Ministry Construction & Transportation, these contents mean main viewpoint on physical part such as message special quality variable (font, character size and line space, word interval) and position mainly among standard about establishment in general. But, it is true that using without effect verification on the character of VMS display and that using mode of stationary-centered. In this paper, it executed significance test to effort verification on the character of VMS display for more practical and effective information transmission based on the driver viewpoint For the researches; develop 3D-Simulation, select characteristics of driver's visual cognition behavior (the conspicuity, the legibility and the comprehensibility), evaluation each issue (day or night, 80km/h or 100km/h). Especially, that used the Eye Marker Recorder to measure of reading-time (legibility) thus, confirmed objectivity and reduce an observational error. The results showed that the conspicuity is Flashing> Stationary>Scroll. The legibility is not deference that Flashing between stationary form. Also the comprehensibility result showed that Flashing> Stationary>Stroll form.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
• /
• v.37 no.6
• /
• pp.1025-1035
• /
• 2017

The purposes of this study are to analyze the merits and limits of flipped learning by suggesting the ALP model for efficient application and to test the effects of the new ALP model. The process of new model and program development is based on ADDIE in this study. This study consists of two steps. First through literature research on the difficulties of the flipped learning, the elements are extracted to develop new model. Second, these elements were placed according to the teaching and learning flow, which resulted in the procedures. As a result, the ALP model was developed. The ALP model is a new model for applying teaching and learning methods for efficient application of the flipped learning. This model was applied to elementary science classes to test its effects in scientific communication skill. Interviews and cognitive survey were also conducted to collect additional information. The results of this study are as follows: There were various difficulties in flipped learning. Based on literature research results, the ALP model and the science programs for elementary students have been developed. The experimental group showed statistically meaningful improvement in scientific communication skill. The scientific communication skill has two subcategories: the forms and the types. According to the form analysis results, the experimental group showed a statistically meaningful improvement in the form of Table and Picture, but not in the form of Writing and Number. With the same reason given previously, this study confirmed that the application of ALP model improves the students' visual form communication skills such as Table and Picture better than reading form communication skills such as Writing and Number. According to the type analysis results, the experimental group showed a statistically meaningful improvement in "the scientific insistence" type, and "the justification" which is the sub element of "the scientific insistence" type. With this reason, this study suggests that the class applied ALP model gives students more time and opportunities to learn. Though the survey and interviews about the student's awareness of the class with applied the ALP model, this study showed that students actively exchanged their opinions in the class with applied ALP model.