• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.185-188
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• 2008

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to analyze the occupational safety and health(OSH) state of precarious employee. Methods: The questionnaire of this survey is composed of 9 categories that are the workplace general information and the state of occupational injury and disease, OSH organization, OSH education and training. The subjects of this survey were the Manufacturing. The hypothesis of this study is where the proportion of precarious employee is higher, the OSH state is worse. To verify this hypothesis, we grouped the subjects into three categories by the proportion of precarious employee like as 0%(all standard employee), less than 30% and 30% or more. Using the SPSS 12.0 program to analyze the data, logistic regression analysis were implemented to find affective factors for the rate of occupational injury and disease. Results: 2,633 manufacturing workplaces were included for subjects. The proportions of precarious employee were 9.6 %. In manufacturing industry, about 70 % companies had no precarious employee. 16.8 % companies were in less than 30 % group, 13.2 % companies were in 30% or more group. For the rate of occupational injury and disease, the precarious group were 0.85(${\pm}1.8$), 1.19(${\pm}2.9$), 0.59(${\pm}1.1$). There was a trend that the higher precarious proportion groups was the higher rate of occupational injury and disease by the logistic regression analysis. It is more strong relationship than company size and OSH committee. Conclusions: We could find a significant result there was a positive relationship between the hiring proportion of precarious employee and the rate of occupational injury and disease in manufacturing industry with 50 employees and more.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.21 no.5 s.77
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• pp.84-91
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to find out morbidity rate and pattern of occupational disease and affect of variables related disease of Fishing sailors'. The subjects this study were 624 fisheries sailors' who took a safety education course in Korea Institute of Maritime and Fisheries Technology. This questionnaire was focused on finding the basic data for prevention of occupational disease and promotion health on the fishing sailors'. The collected data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics, Chi-square, cross tab by SPSS package. The result of this study are as follow. 1) The morbidity rate within recent 12 months was 70.2%. There were significant differences of occurred disease in age, rank, perceived health status, fatigue symptoms, rest time, workload, overtime duration 2) The more aging(p<0.01), perceived fatigue(p<0.01), workload(p<0.01), overtime(p<0.05) and the less perceived health status(p<0.01), rest time(p<0.01), the higher morbidity rate. 3) Considering disease unable to work more than 4 hour, the number of those who had musculoskeletal disease were 20.9%, which revealed the highest rate, digestive disease 14.3%, traumatic disease 13.5%.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.28 no.3 s.51
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• pp.663-677
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• 1995

Special health examination institute has done periodic health examination for workers who have worked in the hazardous workplace. However, assessment on outcome in special health examination institute about detection ability of occupational disease has not been. In this circumstances, we studied on the differences of health examination outcome among special health examination institutes and identified related factors which affected outcome of special health examination in the special health examination institutes. The summary of the results were as follows. 1. 50 special health examination institutes were examined in this study. Among them, university institutes were 13 cases(26.0%), hospitals were 20 cases(40.0%), a corporation aggregates were 9 cases(18.0%) and an auxiliary organs of company were 8 cases(16.0%). There were 29(58.0%) institutes with a preventive medicine specialist, but 21 institutes(42.0%) were not. 2. Total workers examined in 50 institutes were 606,948 and workers diagnosed as occupational disease$(D_1)$ were 3,156. The rate of occupational disease was 6 workers per 1,000 examined workers. Workers needed for close observation(C) were 95,809 and the rate of workers needed for close observation was 141 per 1,000 examined workers. 3. The rate of occupational disease of university institutes was highest(11.3 per 1,000 examined workers), and followed by hospitals(6.0 per 1,000 examined workers), a corporation aggregates(4.2 per 1,000 examined workers), and an auxiliary organs of company(1.2 per 1,000 examined workers). The difference of the rate of occupational disease between university institutes and an auxiliary organs of company was statistically moderate significant(p<.1). The rate of occupational disease in special health examination institutes with establishment duration was more than 10 years was statistically higher than institutes with establishment duration was less than 10 years(p<.1). 4. The results of multiple regression, $R^2$ was 0.3394(adjusted $R^2$ was 0.2109), F-value was 2.6416(p<.05), and statistically significant variables were establishment duration(p<.01), number of examined workers per one doctor(p<.1), and auxiliary organs of company(p<.1), which dependent variable was the rate of occupational disease and independent variables were number of examined workers per one doctor, classification of institute, the rate of working environment exceeding TLV, duration of institute establishment, presence of a preventive medicine specialist.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.30 no.4 s.59
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• pp.840-851
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• 1997

To perform voluntary occupational health program in worksites, regulational supports are necessary. The regulational supports include assessment of current occupational health program and appropriate incentives. The purpose of this study is to find out the requirements of voluntary occupational health program and conditions to be improved. Study population was industrial health managers of both industries with less than 300 workers and over 300 workers, and the member of labor union who is responsible for safety and health in worksite. Two different questionnaire were used to find out the requirements and conditions to be improved respectively, The results were; 1. The category which prevalence rate of occupational injuries and occupational disease should be lower than national average was most important in health managers employed in industries over 300 workers and followed by reporting system, education, worksite policy, work environment assessment, protective equipment, consequently. But those employed in industries less than 300 workers showed high importance in prevalence rate of occupational injuries and disease, reporting system, worksite policy, work environment assessment, protective equipment, education, consequently 2. The members of labor union thought that worksite policy was most important and the next is education, reporting system, work environment assessment, protective equipment, prevalence rate of occupational injuries and disease. 3. There were difference in importance of education and worksite policy according to the size of industries. Reporting system, prevalence rate of occupational injuries and disease, and worksite policy had different importance between members of labor union and health managers. 4. In the results of quiestionnaire for conditions to be improved, the most important condition was top manager's willingness except personal protective equipments, and followed by financial support, legal support. The limitations of this study were the problems of representativeness of study population. but voluntary health program should be performed in worksites which have relatively good occupational health system. So, this selection bias could not disrupt our results.

• 대한예방의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1994.02a
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• pp.651-657
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• 1994

To assess quantitatively the association between benzene exposure and leukemia, we examined the mortality rate of a cohort with occupational exposure to benzene. Cumulative exposure for each cohort member was estimated from historical air-sampling data and, when no sampling data existed, from interpolation on the basis of existing data. The overall standardized mortality ratio (a measure of relative risk multiplied by 100) for leukemia was 337 (95 percent confidence interval, 154 to 641), and that for multiple myeloma was 409 (95 percent confidence interval, 110 to 1047). With stratification according to levels of cumulative exposure, the standardized mortality ratios for leukemia increased from 109 to 322, 1186, and 6637 with increases in cumulative benzene exposure from less than 40 parts per million-years (ppm-years), to 40 to 199, 200 to 399, and 400 or more. respectively. A cumulative benzene exposure of 400 ppm years is equivalent to a mean annual exposure of 10 ppm over a 40-year working lifetime; 10 ppm is the currently enforceable standard in the United States for occupational exposure to benzene. To examine the shape of the exposure-response relation, we performed a conditional logistic-regression analysis, in which 10 controls were matched to each cohort member with leukemia. From this model, it can be calculated that protection from benzene induced leukemia would increase exponentially with any reduction in the permissible exposure limit.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.43-61
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• 1993

This study was conducted to determine factors influencing dental technicians recognition level of their occupational disease. After self-administered questionnaire were distributed by mail to 540 technicians clustered samplely semplely selected from dental laboratories resistered in seoul and pusan Korean Dental Laboratory Association 395 technicians responded from march 29 through April 27, 1993. The results are as follows. 1. The recognition level of an occupational disease of the total 395 respondents by sex is higher among male than female. The difference was found to be meaningful(p <.05). 2. When the recognition level of an occupational disease being tested with 45 as the highest point possible, the average point 31.41 $\pm$ 6.50 of the total respondents reflected a high level of recognition. The highly recognized items were stress, bronchial disease, hearing loss. 3. With the highest points in Wallston and Wallstons' health locus of control in personality being 54, the average points of the dental technicians in the study was 35.41 $\pm$ 4.93. 4. As for the medical care patterns, the rate was higher among local medical insurance 64.4% than none 16.8%, company medical isurance 9.2%, medical aide 6.7%, others 2.6%. As for the experience of utilization of outpatient servelies, Yes was 40.4% and 59.6%, showing a meaningful difference(t=.80, p<.05).01) accounted total variance of the factors influencing dental technicians recognition level of their occupational disease(p<.0.000), R-squaire is 0.08.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.104-114
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• 1995

This study was designed to develop preventing occupational disease programme in small-medium scale industries. The intervention was done in 354 enterprises from July to December in 1993 by health personnels in mobile occupational health centers. The summarized results of the above achievements were as follows. 1. Total number of enterprises were 354. Among them $66.9\%$ was under 100 workers, $26.6\%$ was u!1der 200 workers, and $6.5\%$ was belong to over 200 workers. The majority manufactures were non-metallic mineral product industries $(11.3\)$ fabricated metal product industries $(11.0\%)$. and textile industries $(10.7\%)$. 2. In 1993, for 350 enterprises were carried out evaluation of workplace environment. A total of $76.3\%$ industries were found to improper showing higher level of hazardous agent than the TLV. Noise and dust are the typical agent of which levels in workplace were high in most of industries. 3. A total 60 cases $(0.8\%)$ of occupational diseases were detected through physical check-up from 7,394 industrial workers in 1993. Detection rate by hazardous agent was highest among workers in relation to dust, and secondly highest to noise. 4. Through the systematic approach by hazardous agent was increased to the monitoring of work condition and follow up care of occupational disease. In future, there should be development in the scaled check list of preventing occupational disease management.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.406-414
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• 2023

Background: This study examined age-group differences in the rate, severity, and cost of injuries among construction workers to support evidence-based worker safety and health interventions in the construction industry. Methods: Ohio workers' compensation claims for construction workers were used to estimate claim rates and costs by age group. We analyzed claims data auto-coded into five event/exposure categories: transportation incidents; slips, trips, and falls (STFs); exposure to harmful substances and environments; contact with objects and equipment (COB); overexertion and bodily reaction. American Community Survey data were used to determine the percentage of workers in each age group. Results: From 2007-2017, among 72,416 accepted injury claims for ~166,000 construction full-time equivalent (FTE) per year, nearly half were caused by COB, followed by STFs (20%) and overexertion (20%). Claim rates related to COB and exposure to harmful substances and environments were highest among those 18-24 years old, with claim rates of 313.5 and 25.9 per 10,000 FTE, respectively. STFs increased with age, with the highest claim rates for those 55-64 years old (94.2 claims per 10,000 FTE). Overexertion claim rates increased and then declined with age, with the highest claim rate for those 35-44 years old (87.3 per 10,000 FTE). While younger workers had higher injury rates, older workers had higher proportions of lost-time claims and higher costs per claim. The total cost per FTE was highest for those 45-54 years old ($1,122 per FTE). Conclusion: The variation in rates of injury types by age suggests that age-specific prevention strategies may be useful.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.370-380
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• 2009

Reliable hazard and risk communication is needed to prevent the safety accident & occupational disease through right use of chemicals and MSDS(Material Safety Data Sheet) is mainly used as such a tool of communication. MSDS policy has been put into effect in order to prevent the safety accident & occupational disease through right use of chemicals and fulfill workers' right to know. If information on MSDS lacks reliability due to its inaccuracy, prevention of the various effects related with environmental safety & health in advance is not possible to achieve. The most essential thing regarding authoring MSDS is to exactly evaluate the composition and ingredients of the chemical and include reliability-guaranteed information. Therefore, in this study reliability was evaluated on MSDSs in 15 aromatic hydrocarbons(benzene, toluene, xylene, etc.) manufacturers and ways to secure reliability of MSDS were suggested. The results showed 93.5% of composition agreement rate and 89% of reliability on each section in MSDSs. In order to curb MSDSs with low reliability, examination on CBI(confidential business information) in MSDS, certification of MSDS, collection and verification of MSDS are suggested.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.213-217
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• 2016

Background: The objective of this study is to identify high-risk groups for industrial accidents by setting up 2003 as the base year and conducting an in-depth analysis of the trends of major industrial accident indexes the index of industrial accident rate, the index of occupational injury rate, the index of occupational illness and disease rate per 10,000 people, and the index of occupational injury fatality rate per 10,000 people for the past 10 years. Methods: This study selected industrial accident victims, who died or received more than 4 days of medical care benefits, due to occupational accidents and diseases occurring at workplaces, subject to the Industrial Accident Compensation Insurance Act, as the study population. Results: According to the trends of four major indexes by workplace characteristics, the whole industry has shown a decreasing tendency in all four major indexes since the base year (2003); as of 2012, the index of industrial accident rate was 67, while the index of occupational injury fatality rate per 10,000 people was 59. Conclusion: The manufacturing industry, age over 50 years and workplaces with more than 50 employees showed a high severity level of occupational accidents. Male workers showed a higher severity level of occupational accidents than female workers. The employment period of < 3 years and newly hired workers with a relatively shorter working period are likely to have more occupational accidents than others. Overall, an industrial accident prevention policy must be established by concentrating all available resources and capacities of these high-risk groups.