• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.51-54
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• 1969

The effects of saponin and histamine solution on the division of Saccharomyces cerevisiae were compared with the effects of ginseng on the division. 1. $10^{-2},\;10^{-3}%$ saponines were inhibitory on the division but $10^{-5}%$ saponin increased slightly the division, however its increasing rate was much less than that of ginseng. 2. 0.5% histamine was inhibitory on the division but $10^{-2}%$ histamine increased the division, however its increasing rate was higher than that of saponin and lower than that of ginseng. 3. Although some doses of saponin and histamine were inhibitory on the division, the increasing dose of saponin or histamine on the division could be recognized as shown in the case of the optimal dose of ginseng.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.157-161
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• 2010

This study investigated the effects of spray parameters on wear behavior of the Ni-based hard coatings fabricated by thermal spray process. The experiment was designed by an orthogonal array, the Ni-based hard coatings were fabricated according to this experimental design. The wear test was performed on these coatings using ball-on-disk wear tester. The ANOVA was used to analyze the effects of spray parameters on the wear rate of these coatings, as a result, oxygen gas flow and acetylene gas flow were determined as main factors effected on the wear rate. The effects of these two factors on wear behavior were observed by using SEM and EDX.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.361-371
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• 1989

This study was performed to investigate the effects of stage and quality of embryo, synchrony between donor and recipient and difficulty of transfer on pregnancy rate following non-surgical transfer of frozen-thawed bovine embryos. The results were as follows; 1. The overall pregnancy rate of this experiment was 63.4% and that of heifers(73.1%) was higher than that of cows(46.7%). 2. The pregnancy rates of recipients transferred with morulae, early blastocysts and blastocysts were 50.0%, 64.7% and 71. 4%, respectively. 3. The pregnancy rate of recipients transferred with good embryos(67.9%) was higher than that of recipients transferred with fair embryos(53.8%). 4. The pregnancy rates of embryos transferred to left and right uterine horn were 63.2% and 63.6%, respectively. 5. The pregnancy rate of recipients in estrous synchrony 0(76.2%) was higher than those of recipients in synchrony -1(55.6%) and +1(44.4%). 6. The pregnancy rate of recipients transferred with 2 embryos (71. 4%) was higher than that of recipients transferred with 1 embryo(61.8%). 7. The pregnancy rate of embryos transferred to uterine tip (72.0%) was higher than that of embryos transferred to uterine base(50.0%). 8. Ease of transfer was ranked to a scale of one to three on the basis of increasing difficulty. Transfers ranked as ease score 1 accounted for 77.8% of pregnancies and had higher pregnancy rate than ease score 2(66.7%) or 3(45.5%). 9. The pregnancy rate of recipients with excellent corpus luteum(CL) (70.0%) was higher than those of recipients with good CL(61.1%) or fair CL(61.5) %. In reviewing above results, it was considered that the factors such as embryo stage, embryo quality, estrous synchrony, corpus luteum quality, transfer site within uterus, recipient's parity and ease score affected the pregnancy rate after non-surgical transfer of frozen-thawed bovine embryos.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.37-44
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• 1977

In the previous study of the release, excretion, and plasma concentration of aldosterone in normal Koreans, the author found that urinary aldosterone excretion and aldosterone secretion rate of the Korean who usually take high amount of salt are significantly lower, in compared to Americans, although the plasma concentration is only tended to be low. The control of plasma aldosterone level depends on the secretion rate and the metabolic clearance of the hormone. In this experiments, the metabolic clearance rate of aldosterone was determined in normotensive korean and the effects of adrenal stimulations on the rates were also studied in the same subjects. The metabolic clearance rate of the normal Korean was not significantly different from those of the American, and shown a little increase in response to sodium restriction. These results indicate that the decrease in secretion rate rather than the increase in metabolic clearance Tate is the major factor maintaining lower plasma aldosterone level. After furosemide diuresis, on the contrary, the removal of aldosterone showed significant the decrease despite slight increase of secretion rate. This suggest that the reduction in metabolic clearance rate of the hormone during volume depletion found to be major cause of high plasma concentration. Additional potassium supply produced detectable decrease of metabolic clearance rate, but the changes were smaller than that of secretion rate, which suggested that the higher secretion rate could account for elevated plasma concentration of aldosterone rather than metabolic clearance. Above results also support author's previous evidences that the normal Korean who already adapted to a high sodium diet have ability to produce adequate aldosterone activity without producing detectable changes on the metabolic clearance rate under the condition of sodium restriction with approp riate potassium intake.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.49-68
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• 2017

This paper investigates the spillover effect of the U.S. Interest on Korea's interest rate as well as the role of exchange rate in the spillover effects, by utilizing a open macro model on the determinants of long-term interest rates. According to the cointegration estimation and the Impulse response function, it is found that, across both long-term and short-term, there exist the spillover effect of the U.S. Interest on Korea's interest rate. The fiscal deficit and expected exchange rate have significantly positive relationship with the Koreas's long-term interest rate. Further, foreign exchange market intervention in Korea did not have significant effect on the spillover effect. Thus, this study suggests that exchange rate flexibility would not be enough to restrain the spillover effects of the U.S. interest rate.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.89-102
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• 2008

Purpose : The experiments was undertaken to evaluate the effects of herbal medicine, Ojeoksan, in pregnant rats Methods : Female Sprague-Dawley rats were orally administered with the Ojeoksan at dose of 5mg/kg/day for 20 days. Pregnant rats were sacrificed at 20th day of gestation, and observed internal and reproductive organs. Approximately live fetuses in the 20th day of gestation were randomly selected and fixed in 95% ethanol. Results : Maternal body weight of Ojeoksan treated group has a tendency to increase compared to that of control group. There were no significant difference in internal and reproductive organs. There were no significant changes between two groups in blood chemistry and hematological values. There were no significant changes in number of corpus luteum, implantation, live fetuses and sex ratio. But Ojeoksan administered group showed higher delivery rate, early resorption rate than the control group. Also Ojeoksan administered group showed higher implantation rate, late resorption rate than the control group. Conclusion : From these results, it can be concluded that Ojeoksan showed no toxicity effects on maternal body weight and number of live fetuses. There were no significant changes in organ weight, hematological data, reproductive organs. We need more precise study to investigate the mechanism of early or late resoption by the herbal medicines such as Ojeoksan.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.221-232
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• 2010

Purpose: It is necessary for dental technicians exposed to hazardous chemicals in the dental laboratories to be informed of the various harmful effects of chemicals for their health and safety. The purposes of this study was to investigate the actual condition of the use of MSDS in dental laboratories and the recognition rate of MSDS for dental technicians. Methods: 231 dental technicians who were self-written questionnaire. The results were analyzed by SPSS 12.0. The answers to the questionnaire underwent frequency analysis, chi-square test and correlation analysis were performed to investigate association between health effects and recognition rate of chemical information. Results: The results from the effects of damage caused by chemicals 60.7%, and when it was less than 2 years working experience 47.6%. Currently any dental laboratories(rooms) was not furnished MSDS(0%) and even similar data furnishing rate was only 17.3%. Answer rate of 'Do not know about MSDS' was 73.6%. In addition to, education in the types and characteristics of chemicals(74.5%) does not receive all the higher education. For the question of 'To prevent human risks and accidents, is to provide chemical information needed', the answer rate of 'needed' was 87.2%. Moreover, the answer rate of 'To provide chemical information that could prevent accidents' was 76.6%. Therefore it was found that dental technicians need to be provided for chemical information. In addition, they wanted to get education related to chemicals used in the workplace(80.5%), and 90.9% was answered that they was willing to keep MSDS in they workplace. Conclusion: This study investigated the current dental laboratories(rooms) and the MSDS for the awareness and recognition of workers was very low, education was not being conducted properly. The dental laboratories(rooms) of the compact characteristics of the MSDS was not reasonably accessible and the furnishing location, dental laboratories(rooms) for the real item was needed for improvement. MSDS for dental technicians through education and promotion of information about chemicals and chemicals was to prevent health problems caused by the MSDS that will raise awareness of the necessity.

• Composites Research
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.64-68
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• 2010

Expanded polystyrene(EPS) foams are often used in packaging to protect electrical appliances from impact loads. The energy absorbing performances of the EPS foams depend on several parameters such as density, microstructure and strain rate. Thus, the effects of the parameters on the strength of the EPS foams need to be investigated for an optimized packaging design by FEM. In this study, various EPS foams which have different densities were quasi-statically and dynamically loaded in order to obtain the stress-strain curves. EPS foams of various densities from 18.5 to 37.0kg/m3 were considered in the experiments. A drop-mass type apparatus was developed for the intermediate strain rate tests up to several hundreds/second. It was found from the experimental results that the strength of the EPS foams increase about 170% as the strain rate increases from 0.06/s to 60/s. Experimental results also showed that the strain rate sensitivity increases as the strain increases.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.1819-1822
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• 2012

Background: In the United Arab Emirates (UAE) tobacco use is rampant. A less reported, yet widely used form of smoking native to UAE is midwakh or dhokha. The aim of the study is to assess the acute effects of smoking dokha (Arabian pipe) on the cardiovascular and respiratory systems among male university students in the UAE. Method: A quasi-experimental study was conducted among 97 male volunteers aged more than 17 years. Blood pressure, heart rate and respiratory rate of each participant, were measured before and immediately after smoking. A self administered questionnaire was used to collect personal details and data about smoking pattern. Results: Mean increases in systolic blood pressures ($12{\pm}1$ mmHg), heart rates ($20{\pm}2$ bpm) and respiratory rates ($4{\pm}1$ breaths/min) were observed (p < 0.001). A mean decrease in diastolic blood pressures ($1{\pm}1$ mmHg) was observed (p = 0.483). Conclusion: Smoking dokha has a significant acute effect on systolic blood pressure, heart rate and respiratory rate. Anti smoking campaigns must address the ill effects of this form of smoking. Results from the study warrant further research into this method of smoking which is becoming more popular.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.597-606
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• 1992

Effects of dilution rate, inlet glucose and ammonium chloride concentrations on ,he performance of continuous culture of Alcaligenes eutrQPhus for poly-p-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) production were investigated. When inlet substrate concentrations were maintained constant (inlet glucose concentration = 20 g/l, inlet ammonium chloride concentration = 2 g/l), growth rate of residual biomass and PHB production rate showed its maximum at $0.1h^{-1}$ and $0.06h^{-1}$, respectively, and washout at $0.13h^{-1}$. PHB content decreased from 50% to 25% by increasing dilution rate, while specific PHB production rate increased continuously. Cell mass and PHB concentration gave its maximum values at inlet ammonium chloride concentration of 2 g/l and thereafter decreased, which showed the existence of substrate inhibition by ammonium. When inlet glucose concentration was 30 g/l, cell mass reached its maximum value, while PHB concentration increased continuously. The parameters of kinetic model were evaluated by the graphical and parameter estimation methods. The computer simulation results for the effects of dilution rate, inlet glucose and ammonium chloride concentrations fitted the experimental data very well.