• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.6 no.3
• /
• pp.261-264
• /
• 2005

The 90 nm gate pattern technology have been virtualized by employing the hard mask and the planarization of fate poly silicon. We fabricated 70nm poly-Si on $200 nm-SiO_2/p-Si(100)$ substrates using low pressure chemical vapor deposition (LPCVD) to investigate roughness evolution by varying rapid annealing temperatures. The samples were annealed at the temperatures of $700^{\circ}C\~1100^{\circ}C$ for 40 seconds with a rapid thermal annealer. The surface image and the surface roughness were measured by a field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and an atomic force microscopy (AFM), respectively. The poly silicon surface became more rough as temperature increased due to surface agglomeration. The optimum conditions of poly silicon planarization were achieved by annealed at $700^{\circ}C$ for 40 seconds.

• Journal of the Microelectronics and Packaging Society
• /
• v.7 no.2
• /
• pp.1-6
• /
• 2000

X-ray lithography mask with SiC membrane and Ta absorber patterns has been fabricated using ECR plasma CVD, d.c. magnetron sputtering, and ECR plasma etching. The stress of stoichiometric SiC film was adjusted by rapid thermal annealing under $N_2$, ambient. Adjusting the working pressure during sputtering process resulted in a near-zero residual stress, reasonable density, and smooth surface morphology of Ta film. Cl-based plasma showed a good etching characteristics of Ta, and two-step etching process was implemented to suppress microloading effect fur sub-quarter $\mu\textrm{m}$ patterning.

• Progress in Superconductivity
• /
• v.5 no.1
• /
• pp.13-16
• /
• 2003

In this work, we have studied about an RSFQ (Rapid Single Flux Quantum) switch element. The circuit was designed, simulated, and laid out for mask fabrication. The switch cell was composed of a D flip-flop, a splitter, a confluence buffer, and a switch core. The switch core determined if the input data could pass to the output. “On” and o“off” controls in the switch core could be possible by utilizing an RS flip-flop. When a control pulse was input to the “on” port, the RS flip-flop was in the set state and passed the input pulses to the output port. When a pulse was input to the “off” port, the RS flip-flop was in the reset state and prevented the input pulses from transferring to the output port. We simulated and optimized the switch element circuit by using Xic, WRspice, and Julia. The minimum circuit margins in simulations were more than $\pm$20%. We also performed the mask layout of the circuit by using Xic and Lmeter.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
• /
• v.46 no.3
• /
• pp.275-284
• /
• 2023

Land monitoring involves systematically understanding changes in land use, leveraging spatial information such as satellite imagery and aerial photographs. Recently, the integration of deep learning technologies, notably object detection and semantic segmentation, into land monitoring has spurred active research. This study developed a web service to facilitate such integrations, allowing users to analyze aerial and drone images using CNN models. The web service architecture comprises AI, WEB/WAS, and DB servers and employs three primary deep learning models: DeepLab V3, YOLO, and Rotated Mask R-CNN. Specifically, YOLO offers rapid detection capabilities, Rotated Mask R-CNN excels in detecting rotated objects, while DeepLab V3 provides pixel-wise image classification. The performance of these models fluctuates depending on the quantity and quality of the training data. Anticipated to be integrated into the LX Corporation's operational network and the Land-XI system, this service is expected to enhance the accuracy and efficiency of land monitoring.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
• /
• v.29 no.4
• /
• pp.271-286
• /
• 2023

The global COVID-19 pandemic has transformed face masks from situational accessories to indispensable items in daily life, prompting a shift in public perception and behavior. While the relaxation of mandatory mask-wearing regulations is underway, a significant number of individuals continue to embrace face masks, turning them into a form of personal expression and identity. This phenomenon has given rise to the Fashion Mask industry, characterized by unique designs and colors, experiencing rapid growth in the market. However, existing research on masks is predominantly focused on their efficacy in preventing infection or exploring attitudes during the pandemic, leaving a gap in understanding consumer preferences for mask design. We address this gap by investigating consumer perceptions and preferences for two prevalent mask designs-horizontal fold flat masks and vertical fold flat masks. Through a comprehensive approach involving surveys and eye-tracking experiments, we aim to unravel the subtle differences in how consumers perceive these designs. Our research questions focus on determining which design is more appealing and exploring the reasons behind any observed differences. The study's findings reveal a clear preference for vertical fold flat masks, which are not only preferred but also perceived as unique, sophisticated, three-dimensional, and lively. The eye-tracking analysis provides insights into the visual attention patterns associated with mask designs, highlighting the pivotal role of the fold line in influencing these patterns. This research contributes to the evolving understanding of masks as a fashion statement and provides valuable insights for manufacturers and marketers in the Fashion Mask industry. The results have implications beyond the pandemic, emphasizing the importance of design elements in sustaining consumer interest in face masks.

• Progress in Superconductivity and Cryogenics
• /
• v.6 no.4
• /
• pp.41-45
• /
• 2004

Rapid Single flux quantum (RSFQ) confluence buffer is widely used in complex superconductive digital circuits. In this work, we have improved the currently used confluence buffer and obtained a more soundly designed confluence buffer. In simulations, improvements in the bias margins of 11 % and the global margins of 10%, compared to the previously used confluence buffer, were achieved. Global margins are very important in estimating a process error range allowed in fabrications. We used two circuit simulation tools, WRspice and Julia, to design and optimize the confluence buffer. We used Xic to obtain a mask layout. We fabricated the improved circuits by using Nb technology. The test results at low frequency showed that the improved confluence buffer operated correctly and had a very wide main bias margin of +/-43% enhanced from +/-26% of the previously used confluence buffer.

• Journal of The Korean Dental Society of Anesthesiology
• /
• v.12 no.4
• /
• pp.223-227
• /
• 2012

Autism patients in general have bad oral hygiene. It is hard for autism patients to get dental treatment as poor communication. Therefore, they may have to be treated by deep sedation or general anesthesia in numerous cases. However, this process requires induction with mask, so it is not easy to do for disobliging autism patient. Midazolam is a water-soluble benzodiazepine, has been used in pediatric dentistry or dentistry for the handicapped because of rapid onset. Midazolam can be administered through oral, rectal, intramuscular,intravenous, and intranasal (IN) routes. IN route of midazolam may be considered as effective way to allay for uncooperative autism patients before general anesthesia. In this case report, two autism patients required dental treatment. Intranasal spray of midazolam before general anesthesia was safe and effective procedure of behavioral management.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
• /
• v.5 no.1
• /
• pp.43-56
• /
• 1997

This thesis is a study on the properties of new religious ritual dress in Korea to help understand new religions more completely. A new religion means 'Newly born religions'and it is an opposite conception of the existing religion. The new religions in Korea have been established, changed and become extinct beginning with 'Dong-Hak'movement by Choi Jea Woo in 1860. Sometimes they've caused social problems with their number increasing after the rapid industrialization in 1970's. There are about 350 new religions and 2,000,000 christians in Korea now. Some of theme are pseudo religions wearing the mask of religion and also there are great new religions that will contribute to our spiritual history. The latter shows the thoughtful properties of the union of religion, postnatal creation, nation's independence, and human's centralization. There are properties of pluralism, nation's independence, symbolism, and thoughts in a new religious ritul dress.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
• /
• v.20 no.12
• /
• pp.42-47
• /
• 2003

The laser direct writing method has some advantages of being maskless, allowing rapid and inexpensive prototyping in comparison to conventional mask-based photolithography. In general, there are two kinds of laser direct writing methods such as the laser ablation method and the laser polymerization method. The laser polymerization method was studied fur manufacturing waveguide in this paper. It is important to reduce line width for image mode waveguides, so some investigations will be carried out in various conditions of process parameters such as laser power, writing speed, focusing height and optical properties of polymer. Experimentally, the optical waveguide was manufactured trapezoid shape. Through SEM the waveguide was 20 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ width and 7.4 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ height.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
• /
• 2018.11a
• /
• pp.16-17
• /
• 2018

A few years ago, the rapid degradation of domestic air quality has led to the efforts of exhaust gas policy and fine dust mask, but it is not a fundamental measure. In Korea, photocatalyst will be applied to residential and multi-use facilites to purify indoor and outdoor air. Also, in this study, it is tried to produce exposed concrete that is aesthetically pleasing as well as air purification of indoor by combining with light transparent concrete according to the increasing interest in human indoor living environment. For this purpose, we have developed a block formwork for photocatalysis light transparent concrete and established a suitable manufacturing method for on-site construction.