• Title/Summary/Keyword: rape (Brassica napus) pollen

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Effects of Gamma Irradiation on Quality Characteristic and Microbiological Safety of Rape (Brassica napus) Pollen (유채(Brassica napus)화분에 대한 감마선 조사가 미생물 제어 및 화분의 품질특성에 미치는 영향)

  • Kim, Kyoung-Hee;Kim, Kwang-Hun;Jeong, Su-Ji;Kim, Dam;Yook, Hong-Sun
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.42 no.11
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    • pp.1843-1847
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    • 2013
  • This study is carried out to sanitize rape (Brassica napus) pollen by gamma irradiation. Rape pollens were treated with 0, 5, 10 and 15 kGy gamma irradiations, and then analyzed for the following: general composition, microbial population, reducing sugar, Hunter color values, TBARS (2-thiobarbituric acid reactive substances) values, and VBN (volatile basic nitrogen). Mold and coliform bacteria were not detected in the samples irradiated at 5 kGy or more. Yeasts and total aerobic bacteria were not detected in the samples irradiated at 10 kGy or more (<$10^2$ CFU/g). Moisture, ash, crude protein, crude fat, carbohydrate, reducing sugar and the contents of volatile basic nitrogen in the irradiated pollen did not show any significant changes by irradiation. Hunter color values, $L^*$, $a^*$ and $b^*$ values were decreased with increment of irradiation dose. TBARS values were increased with an increment of irradiation dose. In conclusion, gamma irradiation at 5 kGy was considered to be an effective treatment to control for mycotoxin producing fungi in rape pollen to minimize changes of general composition and physicochemical properties. Further studies should be investigated to reduce the detrimental effects induced by irradiation.

Comparison of Sulfur Utilization among 10 Different Genotypes of Rape (Brassica napus) (다양한 유채품종에서의 황의 이용 효율 비교)

  • Li, Ming;Lee, Bok-Rye;Jin, Yu-Lan;Li, Lu-Shen;Kim, Dae-Hyun;Kim, Tae-Hwan
    • Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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    • v.28 no.2
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    • pp.71-74
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    • 2008
  • To investigate the sulfate utilization efficiency in different rape (Brassica napus) cultivars, sulfate uptake are analyzed under complete S-supply level (2.0mM ${SO_4}^{2-}$). This study used ten different genotypes of rape (Mokpo, Tamra, Youngsan, Naehan, Saturnin, Akela, Mosa, Capitol, Pollen and Colosse). For comparison of ${SO_4}^{2-}$ uptake among 10 cultivars, leaf number, leaf length and width, root length was also observed. Leaf length and width in all cultivars less variable among the cultivars examined. The longest root was shown in Saturnin (36.3 cm). ${SO_4}^{2-}$ uptake in Saturnin, Youngsan and Mokpo was significantly higher whereas that of Mosa and Pollen was relativety lower. Saturnin and Mokpo which have a high ${SO_4}^{2-}$ uptake exhibited a high ${NO_3}^-$ uptake.

Effect of Sulfate Supply Level on Sulfate Assimilation in Different Oilseed Rape Cultivars (유채 품종별 황 공급수준이 황산염 동화에 미치는 영향)

  • Zhang, Qian;Park, Sang-Hyun;Muneer, Sowbiya;Kim, Tae-Hwan
    • Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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    • v.32 no.2
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    • pp.101-108
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    • 2012
  • To determine sulfate uptake and assimilation of various rape cultivars (Brassica napus L.) under different S levels, the activity of ATP sulfurylase, ${SO_4}^{2-}$ uptake and glutathione (GSH) concentrations were measured in different age of leaves. In this study, ten rape cultivars (Mokpo, Tamra, Youngsan, Naehan, Saturnin, Akela, Mosa, Capitol, Pollen, and Colosse) showed various sulfate uptake and assimilation capacity in response to inefficient sulfate supply. Under inadequate sulfate conditions, a greater ATP sulfurylase activity in young leaves was observed in all cultivars compared to that of old leaves. In addition, GSH concentration was considerably increased in young leaves when S supply was declined from 2.0 to 0.2 mM. These results suggested that rape cultivars differ in their capacity to utilize sulfate under limited S conditions.

Different Levels of N Supply Impacts on Seed Yield by Modulating C and N Metabolism in Brassica Napus

  • Lee, Bok-Rye;Lee, Hyo;Kim, Tae-Hwan
    • Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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    • v.39 no.2
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    • pp.75-80
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    • 2019
  • Oilseed rape is known to crop having low nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) but requires high levels of N fertilizer. NUE is associated with N remobilization from source to sink organ, consequently affects seed yield. Remobilization of leaf N is also related to transport of C/N metabolites in phloem. However, interaction between seed yield and phloem transport was not fully documented. In response to seed yield, N and C metabolites and their transport into seed from bolting to pod filling stage investigated in two contrasting genotypes (Capitol and Pollen) cultivated under ample (HN) or limiting nitrate (LN) supply. Seed yield was significantly reduced in N limitation and its reduction rate was much lower in Capitol than in Pollen compared to HN treated plants. Amino acid and protein content was higher in Capitol than in Pollen at bolting stage. They gradually decreased during plant development but not significant between two cultivars and/or two treatments. Glucose, fructose and sucrose content were 1.8-,1.6- or 1.25-fold higher in LN condition than in HN condition, respectively. Amino acid and sucrose content in phloem were largely higher in Capitol than in Pollen under LN condition. These results indicate that the higher seed yield might be related to greater transport ability of amino acid and sucrose in phloem under LN condition.

Expression Patterns of Enzymes in Different Tissues of Oil Seed Rape (Brassica napus L.) Seedling (유료용 유채 유식물의 조직내 효소의 발현 패턴)

  • Song, Yong-Su;Seo, Dong-Jun;Lee, Bok-Rye;Jung, Woo-Jin
    • Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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    • v.52 no.2
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    • pp.51-57
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    • 2009
  • To investigate expression patterns of chitinase, ${\beta}$-1,3-glucanase and peroxidase involved in biological control of phytopathogens, three oil seed rapes (Capitol, Pollen and Saturnin) were used. Activities of the enzymes in old leaves were $9.7{\sim}11.8$ unit/mg protein in chitinase, $11.1{\sim}17.3$ unit/mg protein in ${\beta}$-1,3-glucanase and $0.6{\sim}1.7$ unit/mg protein in peroxidase. Activities of the enzymes in roots were $39.2{\sim}49.0$ unit/mg protein in chitinase, $49.9{\sim}62.0$ unit/mg protein in ${\beta}$-1,3-glucanase and $2.4{\sim}3.8$ unit/mg protein in peroxidase. Chitinase and ${\beta}$-1,3-glucanase activity were the highest level in Saturnin leaves and in Capitol roots while activities of those were the lowest level in Capitol leaves. Also, chitinase and ${\beta}$-1,3-glucanase and peroxidase activity were the lowest level in Saturnin roots. Active bands of chitinase isoform in leaves (73, 51, 40, 34, and 29 kDa) and in roots (100, 57 34, and 29 kDa) tissues showed in the SDS-PAGE gel. Active bands of ${\beta}$-1,3-glucanase isoform in leaves and roots (75 and 55 kDa) tissues showed on the SDS-PAGE gel. Active staining of peroxidase showed the strongest level in leaves and roots of Pollen. Active bands of peroxidase isoform in leaves (122, 114, and 93 kDa) and in roots (135, 122, 114, and 93 kDa) tissues showed on the Native-PAGE gel. These results indicated that establishment of expression pattern of enzymes in rape tissues could play as an important role with respect to resistance of plant pathogens in rape.

Studies on the Heterosis Breeding in Rapeseed Using Cytoplasmic Genic Male Sterility 4. The Effects of Improved Domestic Lines as Pollen Parents for Fertility Restoration, Maintenance of MS Lines and the Heterosis Expression in Economic Characters in $F_1$'s. (세포질 유전자적 웅성불임 계통을 이용한 유채 Heterosis육성 개발에 관한 연구 제4보 양질유, 양질박 국내 육성계통을 화분친으로 이용한 $F_1$의 임성회복력과 MS 유지능력 및 $F_1$ 유용형질의 Heterosis 발현)

  • Jung-Il Lee;;Young-Am Chae
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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    • v.25 no.4
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    • pp.73-80
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    • 1980
  • To facilitate the heterosis breeding which utilizes cytoplasmic-genetic male sterile lines in rape (Brassica napus L.), 511 improved domestic lines were tested for their fertility restoration, maintaining ability and heterosis expression in agronomic characters. About 81 % of 511 lines showed complete fertility restoration and 11 lines could be used as maintainer of male sterility. All yield components except pod length showed greater heterotic effects than that of midparent in $F_1$. These heterotic effects resulted in extraordinary yielding ability as high as 5.6 T/ha in several $F_1$`s.

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