• 한국응급구조학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.19-30
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• 2011

Purpose : The purpose of this study is to identify the correlations between the ego-states of the 119 emergency medical technicians(119 EMTs) and the burnout and help them grow as a profession. Method : This is a descriptive study and the subjects of this study were 81 EMTs in 119 fire station in G City. This study tried to reveal the burnout in 119 EMTs in accordance with ego-state. Results : The highest score of 119 EMTs was the Nutrition Parent(NP) which showed $32.90{\pm}2.07$. The second highest was of the Critical Parent(CP), $31.95{\pm}2.79$. The Ego-gram profile of 119 EMTs was slope N type. The burnout was $78.90{\pm}13.19$, the physical burnout was highest($28.86{\pm}4.14$) in the low rank territory. The ego state according to level, the comparison of the degree of burnout, Free Child(FC) all but the type of ego-states burnout of the high groups appeared to be much higher. The correlations between their ego-states and the burnout of 119 EMTs appeared to be related to the 'plus(+)' correlation for the Free Child(FC ; r=0.243, p=0.029) and the Adapted Child(AC ; r=0.567, p=0.000), and CP, NP and Adult(A) appeared to be unrelated to the correlation. Results of the regression analysis show that the personal characteristic that has the biggest effect on the burnout of 119 EMTs was the AC(0.717), which seems to have a measurable effect on the statistics(p<0.01). Conclusion : Understanding the personality of 119 EMTs and its the application in the workforce will increase the human resources management system for the fire station officials.

• 한국정보시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보시스템학회 1996년도 추계학술발표회 발표논문집
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• pp.5-26
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• 1996

This study has two research objectives related to end-user computing (EUC). One of the research objectives was to investigate the current status of EUC of Korean firms. Another research objective was to examine the relationship between individual differences of end-users and EUC success. Using survey data from 752 end-users of 23 firms, the surrent status of EUC and the relationship between individual differences of end-users and EUC success were investigated. The current status of EUC was examined from six perspectives: 1). what is the characteristics of EUC strategy of Korean firms, 2). what are the individual characteristics of end-users in Korean Firms, #0. what are the characteristics of tasks performed by end-users using computer, 4). what are the application a areas of EUC, 5). How end-users are satisfied with the support of firms, 6). what are system usage and satisfaction of end-users. It was also foud that individual differences of end-users are related to EUC success. More specifically, it wat shown that the male gender, younger age, higher level of education, higher rank and organizational tenure, higher math ability, thinking type of cognitive style, positive and optimistic attitudes toward computer, more experience with computer, more computer education and knowledge are individual differences variables associated with EUC success. The results of stepwise regression analysis suggested that the individual difference variables accounted for 14%, 25%, 39% and 30% of the variances of four EUC success variables, satisfaction for outcome, satisfaction for ability, frequency of computer use, and the number of tasks, respectively. These empirical findings suggest that EUC managers should consider individual differences of end-users in managing EUC, such as education, training, support, and human resource management, to maximize potential benefits of EUC.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제34권7호
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• pp.1184-1193
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• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship of uncertainty, hope and quality of life in patients with breast cancer. Method: The subjects of the study were 113 breast cancer patients treated at 3 university hospitals in Daegu and Busan from June 1 to September 30, 2003. Uncertainty was measured by the Mishel Uncertainty in Il1ness Scale (MUIS), Hope was measured by Nowotny's Hope Scale, and quality of life by Ro's Korean Quality of Life(QOL). Data was analyzed with the SPSS program by t-test, ANOVA, Spearman's rank correlation and Multiple Regression Analysis. Result: The scores of uncertainty were negatively correlated with hope and QOL(all p's<0.05). Uncertainty revealed that there was a negative correlation among subitems of hope such as confidence, relationship with others, possibility of future, and inner motivation(r=-.333, p=.000; r=-.230, p=.015; r=-.260, p=.006; r=-.291, p=.003). Uncertainty also showed a negative correlation among subitems of QOL such as emotional status, self esteem, and relationship with family(r=-.29, p=.004; r=-.326, p=.000; r=-.197, p=.044), whereas hope revealed a positive correlation among subitems of QOL such as emotional status, self esteem, relationship with neighbor, and relationship with family(r=.243, p=.011; r=.487, p=.000; r=.29, p=.001; r=.29, p=.001). The score of uncertainty was low in graduate school students and subjects using problem solving as a coping method. However, the score of hope was high in college students and subjects using a problem solving method, and the score of QOL was high in professionals. Conclusion: Based on the study results, breast cancer patients experienced living with uncertainty and maintaining hope. Thus the study's findings can be useful in directing a comprehensive nursing care plan to improve QOL of breast cancer patients.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.3769-3772
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• 2013

Background: To investigate the impact of the lymph node ratio (LNR) on the prognosis of patients with locally advanced rectal cancer undergoing pre-operative chemoradiation. Methods: Clinicopathologic and follow up data of 128 patients with stage III rectal cancer who underwent curative resection from 1996 to 2007 were reviewed. The patients were divided into two groups according to the lymph node ratio: LNR ${\leq}$ 0.2 (n=28), and >0.2 (n=100). Kaplan-Meier and the Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to evaluate the prognostic effects according to LNR. Results: Median numbers of lymph nodes examined and lymph nodes involved by tumour were 10.3 (range 2-28) and 5.8 (range 1-25), respectively, and the median LNR was 0.5 (range, 0-1.6). The 5-year survival rate significantly differed by LNR (${\leq}$ 0.2, 69%; >0.2, 19%; Log-rank p value < 0.001). LNR was also a significant prognostic factor of survival adjusted for age, sex, post-operative chemotherapy, total number of examined lymph nodes, metastasis and local recurrence (${\leq}$ 0.2, HR=1; >0.2, HR=4.8, 95%CI=2.1-11.1) and a significant predictor of local recurrence and distant metastasis during follow-up independently of total number of examined lymph node. Conclusions: Total number of examined lymph nodes and LNR were significant prognostic factors for survival in patients with stage III rectal cancer undergoing pre-operative chemoradiotherapy.

• 한국정보시스템학회지:정보시스템연구
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• 제5권
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• pp.383-409
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• 1996

This study has two research objectives related to end-user computing (EUC). One of the research objectives was to investigate the current status of EUC of Korean firms. Another research objective was to examine the relationship between individual differences of end-users and EUC success. Using survey data from 752 end-users of 23 firms, the current status of EUC and the relationship between individual differences of end-users and EUC success were investigated. The current status of EUC was examined from six perspectives : 1) what is the characteristics of EUC strategy of Korean firms, 2) what are the individual characteristics of end-users in Korean firms 3) what are the characteristics of tasks performed by end-users computer, 4) what are the application areas of EUC, 5) How end-users are satisfied with the support of firm, 6) what are system usage and satisfaction of end-users. It was also found that individual differences of end-users are related to EUC success. More specifically, it was shown that the male gender, younger age, higher level of education, higher rank and organizational tenure, higher math ability, thinking type of cognitive style, positive and optimistic attitudes toward computer, more experience with computer, more computer education and knowledge are individual differences variables associated with EUC success. The results of stepwise regression analysis suggested that the individual difference variables accounted for 14%, 25%, 39%, and 30% of the variances of four EUC success variables, satisfaction for outcome, satisfaction for ability, frequency of computer use, and the number of tasks, respectively. Theses empirical findings suggest that EUC managers should consider individual differences of end-users in managing EUC, such as education, training support, and human resource management, to maximize potential benefits of EUC.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.68-75
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• 2014

Objectives: This study was performed to analyze the cumulative survival rate of Osstem implants (Osstem Implant Co., Ltd.) over a seven-year period. Materials and Methods: A total of 105 patients who had 467 Osstem implants that were placed at the Section of Dentistry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital (Seongnam, Korea) from June 2003 through December 2005 were analyzed. The life table method and a cross-tubulation analysis, log rank test were used to evaluate the survival curve and the influence that the prognostic factors. The prognostic factors, i.e., age and gender of patients, diameter and length, type of implants, bone graft history and loading time were determined with a Cox proportional hazard model based on logistic regression analysis. Results: The seven-year cumulative survival rate of Osstem implants was 95.37%. The Cox proportional hazard model revealed that the following factors had a significant influence on survival rate; increased diameter, reduced prosthetic loading period and performance of bone grafting. Conclusion: The osstem implants showed satisfactory results over the seven-year study period.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.2237-2243
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• 2015

Background: Adjuvant chemotherapy improves survival in Dukes C colon cancers post-curative resection. However, the evidence for a role with Dukes B lesions remains unproven despite frequent use for disease characterized by poor prognostic features. In view of limited Asia-specific data, this study aimed to determine survival outcomes and identify prognostic factors in a tertiary teaching hospital in Malaysia. Materials and Methods: A total of 116 subjects who underwent curative surgery with and without adjuvant chemotherapy for Duke B and C primary colon adenocarcinomas diagnosed from 2004-2009 were recruited and data were collected retrospectively. Five-year overall survival (OS) and disease free survival (DFS) were analysed using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and log-rank (Mantel-Cox) test. Prognostic factors were determined using Cox proportional hazards regression with both univariate and multivariate analyses. Results: The survival analysis demonstrated a 5-year OS of 74.0% for all patients, with 74.9% for Dukes C subjects receiving chemotherapy compared to 28.6% in those not receiving chemotherapy (p=0.001). For Dukes B disease, the 5-year survival rate was 82.6% compared to 75.0% for subjects receiving and not receiving chemotherapy, respectively (p=0.17). Independent prognostic factors identified included a CEA level more than 3.5 ng/ml (hazard ratio (HR)=4.78; p=0.008), serosal involvement (HR=3.75; p=0.028) and completion of chemotherapy (HR= 0.20; p=0.007). Conclusions: In a regional context, this study supports current evidence from the West that adjuvant chemotherapy improves survival in Dukes C colon cancers post curative surgery. However, although a clear benefit has yet to be proven for Dukes B disease, our results suggest survival improvement in selected cases.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제20권7호
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• pp.503-515
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• 2020

본 연구는 보건교사의 양가적 성차별주의와 동성애에 대한 태도에 영향을 미치는 심리사회-인구학적 요인을 규명하기 위해 수행되었다. S시의 보건교사 138명을 대상으로 구조화된 온라인 설문지를 이용하여 2019년 12월 1일부터 12월 31일까지 자료를 수집하였다. 자료 분석은 SPSS/WIN (25.0) 프로그램을 이용하여 기술통계, 크루스칼-왈리스 검정, 만-위트니 U 검정, 스피어만의 순위상관, 단계적 다중회귀를 시행하였다. 적대적 성차별주의의 영향요인은 권위주의 성향, 연령, 외재적 종교 성향과 학력이었다. 온정적 성차별주의의 영향요인은 권위주의 성향, 연령과 학력이었다. 동성애에 대한 태도의 영향요인은 권위주의 성향, 종교 유무와 내재적/외재적 종교 성향이었다. 학교 환경에서 성 고정관념이나 편견에 대한 학생들의 교육적 경험에 보건교사의 영향력은 지대하다. 따라서 성평등에 기반을 둔 진정한 교육적 변화를 위해서는 보건교사에게 자신의 성인지적 관점을 능동적으로 성찰할 수 있는 교사 연수 프로그램을 구축하고 제공할 필요가 있다.

• 농촌계획
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.35-44
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• 1999

The purpose of this study is to find the bi-polar adjectives for rural stream landscape evaluation by the semantic differential scale and to suggest the major determinants of visual preference in rural stream landscapes. For this, the bi-polar adjectives for rural stream landscape evaluation was found by the method of the reliability test, and the spatial image was analyzed by the factor analysis. The level of visual preference was measured by slide simulation test, and these data were analyzed by the multiple regression. The major findings of this study can be summarized as follows : 1) Of the bi-polar adjectives expressing psychological and physical characteristics, the hi-polar adjectives which demonstrated reliability and consistency run as follows : Bi-polar adjectives expressing psychological characteristics : 'calm-bustling', 'unfamiliar-familiar', 'still-active','depressing-brisk', 'discomfortable-comfortable', 'suppressed-free', 'lifeless-living', 'quiet-noisy', 'unpleasant-pleasant'. Bi-polar adjectives expressing physical characteristics : 'artificial-natural', 'narrow-wide', 'rocky-not rocky', 'desolate-fertile', 'dirty-clean', 'enclosed-open', 'flat-steep', 'not gravelly-gravelly', 'thicketed-not thicketed', 'not weedy-weedy'. 2) Two factors, the harmony and the movement, were derived from the factor analysis for the psychological variables. Three factors, the naturalness, the rock, and the vegetation, were derived from the factor analysis for the physical variables. 3) Rural stream landscape types were classified into four types by the multi-dimensional scaling method. Type III, IV obtained higher rank of visual preference and type I, II obtained lower. 4) For all types, the factors determining the level of visual preference were found to be the harmony, the naturalness, and the vegetation. The visual preference determinants of rural stream landscape need to be considered in improving or restoring the rural stream landscapes.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.325-335
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• 1999

Empetrum nigrum dominant community or Rhododendron mucronulatum and R. yedoense var. poukhanense dominant shrub community are developing above l,500m on Mt. Halla in Cheju Island, Korea. These communities were formed as a result of the forest of Abies koreana regression by grazing or erosion over a long period of time. This study was conducted using the phytosociological method and it clarified the floristic composition of the community in Cheju Island by comparing with a similar community in Japan. Also this study interpreted the development data of these communities and considered community succession. As a result of our interpretation, shrub community of Cheju Island is recognized as two associations, Festuco obinae-Empetretum nigrum ass. nov and Rhododendretum mucronulatum ass. nov. Each association of Cheju Island is composed of endemic species of Cheju Island. related to the Korean peninsula and to Japan. The two associations are divided into 8 sub-units but each community development has been created with longtime grazing and prescribed fire. Maybe the location stability by stoppage of interference and grazing will process community transition Quickly. Comparing the shrub communities of Cheju Island with Maianthemo-Rhododendretum in Kyushu, Japan, which is close geographically, both areas have the species of Miscanthetea sinesis and Ericaceae in common. But Cheju Island has more abundant species and has higher ratio of appearance of alpine plants. The shrub communities of Cheju Island and Kyushu. Japan are identified as having a different rank over Alliance.