• Journal of Korean Academy of Oral Health
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.216-223
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• 2018

Objectives: The purpose of the study was to investigate factors affecting the assessment of objective and subjective masticatory ability in the elderly, and to evaluate masticatory ability assessment more accurately. Methods: A total of 112 participants were recruited after oral examination in senior citizen welfare facilities. The participants' masticatory ability was evaluated objectively (Mixing ability index; MAI), and subjectively (Key food intake ability; KFIA). Participants' general characteristics and oral health-related variables were also recorded. Based on masticatory ability assessment, participants were classified as either high or low. IBM SPSS Statistics Ver.23.0 was used for all analyses, including descriptive statistics, Chi-square test, Mann-Whitney U test, Spearman rank correlation, and Logistic regression analysis. Results: Higher masticatory ability was positively correlated with higher scores on MAI and KFIA. Additionally, there was a significant positive correlation between MAI and KFIA. When analyzing factors affecting objective and subjective masticatory ability assessments, Functional tooth units (FTUs) were revealed as a related factor. In subjective masticatory ability assessment, oral moisture, difficulty in chewing, and the Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) were also influential factors. Conclusions: In order to accurately assess masticatory ability, it is necessary to use both objective and subjective measures. Additionally, to improve the masticatory ability in the elderly, treatment should be provided to improve overall oral health and satisfaction.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.69-80
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• 2019

Objectives: In this study, we tried to analyze the factors affecting Length Of Stay for serious patients in Republic of Korea. Methods: The study included 139,172 serious patients in the 2012-2016 discharge details. Using the SPSS 23.0 program, we conducted a rank regression analysis with social and social demographic characteristics as control variables, medical institution characteristics and medical use characteristics as independent variables, and Average Length Of Stay as a dependent variable. Results: Average Length Of Stay for participants was found to be 9.92days. And the location and bed size of medical institutions were not statistically significant, the hospitalization path was more urgent(B=0.43) than the outpatient (p<0.001), and there was no secondary diagnosis(B=0.35). However, Average Length Of Stay was higher (p<0.001) than there was no main surgery(B=0.80). After discharge, Average Length Of Stay for funding(B=0.43) and death(B=0.72) was long (p<0.001). Average Length Of Stay for participants was found to be 9.92days. And the location and the bed size of the medical institution were not statistically significant, and the hospitalization pass had longer Length Of Stay for emergency patients(B=0.43) than for outpatients(p<0.001). There was a longer Length Of Stay(B=0.35) than none was diagnosed. There were longer Length Of Stay(p<0.001) than there was no major surgery(B=0.80). After discharge, the outpatients had longer Average Length Of Stay(B=0.43) and deaths(B=0.72) than those who returned home(p<0.001). Conclusion: As a result of analyzing the factors affecting Average Length Of Stay of the participants, it was confirmed that regardless of the location and bed size of medical institutions, hospitalization route, department diagnosis, main surgery, and whereabouts after discharge. Therefore, appropriate interventions and necessary support must be provided so that efficient Length Of Stay can be managed according to the medical use characteristics of serious patient.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.155-161
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• 2021

We surveyed 27 workplaces and 1897 workers and analyzed the correlation between Personal characteristics of workers and Musculoskeletal Symptoms. The presence or absence of Symptoms of Musculoskeletal Disease in workers was based on The Management Target or higher in accordance with the guidelines for The Investigation of Harmful Factors in Musculoskeletal Burdened Work of the Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency. Personal characteristics were divided into age, work load, housework burden, work experience, leisure type, gender, and marital status. In the survey, correlations were investigated through binominal logistic regression analysis for rank variables of work load, household burden, and work experience, and the significance of the results was confirmed by crosstabulation and chi-square analysis for other nominal variables. And in the case of other variables, there was a slight trend, but it was confirmed that it was not statistically significant. As a result, We confirmed that the incidence rate of Musculoskeletal Disease Symptoms increased as the age of the workers was lower, the higher the workload and housework, if they were women, if they did not engage in leisure activities. However, considering that the results of this study are slightly different as a result of comparing the results of other studies, the data of this study can be used as rough indicators for the prevention of musculoskeletal disorders, but additional research is needed before using it as quantitative indicators.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.1-23
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of the bestseller ranks on the book circulations in public libraries. To achieve this goal, the weekly data sets of 179 books' library circulation and bestseller list from January 1, 2018 to December 29, 2019 were constructed based on the data collected from BigData MarketC and YES24. Three methods for analyzing panel data including linear regression, fixed-effect, and random effect models were compared, and it turned out that fixed-effect model was better than other methods. The results show that the average ranks of bestsellers were associated with their public library circulations visually. Also, the analysis of fixed-effect model showed that the single rank decline of a book on the bestseller list decreases its average circulation of 0.108 while the size of effect varied depending on subject of books. The study empirically demonstrated the impact of a bestseller list on people's book circulation behavior, suggesting that public libraries need to reference sociocultural context as well as bestseller book lists to predict library user needs and to formulate collection development policy.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.52-60
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• 2021

Due to the significant size of overseas construction projects, the cost overrun has enormous impacts on the financial status of construction companies. The managers' appropriate perception and identification of key risk factors in the construction phase notably affect the performance of projects. However, the actual impacts of risk factors and local manager' s perception of them could be deviated. For this reason, we aim to compare the performance of actual cases and general opinions of responsible practitioners in terms of risk factors relevant to cost overruns in order to present a practical strategy for risk management. Firstly, factors classified from literature review were used to simulate 290 cost overruns data sets from 20 cases by introducing Monte-Carlo Simulation and were ranked by standardized coefficients through multiple regression analysis. Secondly, a survey was conducted against 42 local managers to rank their perception of impact on cost overrun with identical factors by using Stepwise Weight Assessment Ratio Analysis (SWARA). Comparison results show that conflicts such as 'conflict with subcontractors' and 'conflict with the local community' have caused excessive cost overrun. However, managers' perception of these as less significant than the actual influences and consider other risks such as 'material price fluctuation' and 'construction quality errors', as relatively serious. Therefore, education for local managers on conflict risks needs to be presented.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.28 no.1B
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• pp.65-77
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• 2008

The effects of climatic changes owing to urbanization, geographical and topographical conditions on annual and monthly FAO Penman-Monteith (FAO P-M) reference evapotranspiration, and energy and aerodynamic terms of FAO P-M reference evapotranspiration were studied. In this study, 21 climatological stations were selected. The statistical methods applied for trend analysis are Spearman rank test, Sen's test, linear regression analysis and analysis of actual variation ratio. Furthermore, the cluster analysis was applied to cluster 21 study stations by considering the geographical and topographical characteristics of study area. The study results indicate that urbanization affects the trend and amount of FAO P-M reference evapotranspiration, energy term and aerodynamic term; however, the result of Sen's test indicates that urbanization does not significantly affect the magnitude of trend (Sen's slope). The energy term increased at study stations located in coastal area; however, decreased at study stations located in inland area. The topographical slope of study area did not significantly influence on the trend of energy term. The aerodynamic term increased in both coastal area and inland area, indicating much significantly increasing trend in inland area, and it was also affected by the topographical slope of the study area.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.24-31
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• 2010

Purpose: A central venous catheterization (CVC) is frequently used for delivering anti-cancer chemotherapeutic agents, blood products, parenteral nutrition, and other intravenous therapy in patients with cancer. Major complications of CVC use are thrombosis, infection, and mechanical complications. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of CVC complications and related factors. Methods: The records of cancer patients who received a CVC at our university hospital from March 2001 to October 2006 were retrospectively investigated. Chi square test was used to determine whether there was a related factor for thrombosis or infection, and Kaplan-Meier analysis for univariate analysis, or Cox-regression analysis for multivariate analysis was used for catheter life span. Results: Three hundred and ten CVCs (235 nontunneled, 75 tunneled) were inserted in 310 patients (157 males, 153 females). Among them, 104 had hematologic cancers and 206 had solid cancers. The mean age of the patients was 52 years (range, 19~82 years). CVC complications occurred in 60 cases (19%). CVC-related thrombosis occurred frequently in patients with infection (P=0.003), whereas diagnosis, catheter type, transfusion, and TPN history did not affect infection or thrombosis. The mean duration of the catheter was 102 days (range, 2~1,330 days), and the duration was prolonged in patients with tunneled catheters (P=0.000), or without transfusion through CVC (P=0.030). Conclusion: The major complications for long-term use of a CVC were infectionand thrombosis. Tunneled catheter was effective tool for long term use, especially in cases without transfusion through CVC. The studies on the prevention or treatment ofthrombosis and infection are, therefore, warranted by using CVC for an extended period of time.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.111-124
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• 2002

Purpose : Although the average life expectancy has increased due to advances in medicine, mortality due to cancer is on an increasing trend. Consequently, the number of terminally ill cancer patients is also on the rise. Predicting the survival period is an important issue in the treatment of terminally ill cancer patients since the choice of treatment would vary significantly by the patents, their families, and physicians according to the expected survival. Therefore, we investigated the prognostic factors for increased mortality risk in terminally ill cancer patients to help treat these patients by predicting the survival period. Methods : We investigated 31 clinical parameters in 157 terminally ill cancer patients admitted to in the Department of Family Medicine, National Health Insurance Corporation Ilsan Hospital between July 1, 2000 and August 31, 2001. We confirmed the patients' survival as of October 31, 2001 based on medical records and personal data. The survival rates and median survival times were estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method and Log-rank test was used to compare the differences between the survival rates according to each clinical parameter. Cox's proportional hazard model was used to determine the most predictive subset from the prognostic factors among many clinical parameters which affect the risk of death. We predicted the mean, median, the first quartile value and third quartile value of the expected lifetimes by Weibull proportional hazard regression model. Results : Out of 157 patients, 79 were male (50.3%). The mean age was $65.1{\pm}13.0$ years in males and was $64.3{\pm}13.7$ years in females. The most prevalent cancer was gastric cancer (36 patients, 22.9%), followed by lung cancer (27, 17.2%), and cervical cancer (20, 12.7%). The survival time decreased with to the following factors; mental change, anorexia, hypotension, poor performance status, leukocytosis, neutrophilia, elevated serum creatinine level, hypoalbuminemia, hyperbilirubinemia, elevated SGPT, prolonged prothrombin time (PT), prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), hyponatremia, and hyperkalemia. Among these factors, poor performance status, neutrophilia, prolonged PT and aPTT were significant prognostic factors of death risk in these patients according to the results of Cox's proportional hazard model. We predicted that the median life expectancy was 3.0 days when all of the above 4 factors were present, $5.7{\sim}8.2$ days when 3 of these 4 factors were present, $11.4{\sim}20.0$ days when 2 of the 4 were present, and $27.9{\sim}40.0$ when 1 of the 4 was present, and 77 days when none of these 4 factors were present. Conclusions : In terminally ill cancer patients, we found that the prognostic factors related to reduced survival time were poor performance status, neutrophilia, prolonged PT and prolonged am. The four prognostic factors enabled the prediction of life expectancy in terminally ill cancer patients.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.239-244
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• 2011

In this study, we evaluated diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) to investigate whether the DWI parameters can predict characteristic parameters on pathologic specimens of tumor or not. CFPAC-1 was injected subcutaneously on the back flank of athymic nude mice (n=13) then two tumors were initiated on each mouse (2${\times}$13=26 tumors). The mice were sacrificed to make specimen immediately after initial MR imaging then were compared with the MR image. A dedicated high-field (7T) small-animal MR scanner was used for image acquisitions. A T1 and T2 weighted axial image using RARE technique was acquired to measure the T2 values and tumor size. DWI MR was performed for calculating ADC values. To evaluate tumor cellularity and determine the levels of MVD, tumor cells were excised and processed for H-E staining and immunostaining using CD31. T2 values and ADC values were computed and analyzed for each half of the tumors and compared to the correlated specimens slide. Median ADC within each half of mass was compared to the cellularity and MVD in the correlated area of pathologic slide. The mean of ADC value is $0.7327{\times}10^{-3}$ $mm^2/s$ and standard deviation is $0.1075{\times}10^{-3}$ $mm^2/s$. There is a linear relationship between ADC value and tumor necrosis (R2=0.697, p< 0.001). DW image parameters including the ADC values can be utilized as surrogate markers to assess intratumoral neoangiogenesis and change of the internal structure of tumor cells.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.7
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• pp.46-57
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• 2017

This study examined the level of job satisfaction of rescue workers in accordance with the sociodemographic and health related characteristics, as well as job-related factors. Moreover, this study aimed to know the relationship between job satisfaction and violence experience, job stress, and burn-out. A total of 1,240 rescue workers, who works in 14 fire stations across the country, were surveyed. The survey was conducted by self-administered questionnaires during the period between March 1st and April 30, 2016. As a result, the score of job satisfaction according to the sociodemographic and health related characteristics were significantly lower in the younger-aged group, unmarried group, no-regular exercise group, and poor group of subjective sleep evaluation, unhealthy group of subjective health status than their respective counterparts. From the perspective of job-related characteristics, the job satisfaction scores were significantly lower in the groups of lower rank, lower job career, lower monthly income, hard group of physical burden of work, dissatisfaction group of sense of satisfaction in work, unfit group of the job, without group of consider quitting the job than their respective counterparts. The score of job satisfaction, in accordance with violence experience, job stress, and burn-out were significantly lower in groups with higher scores of violence experience, job stress, and burn-out. In a logistic regression analysis, the adjusted odds ratio of the low-risk job satisfaction were significantly increased in the very high group than in the low group of violence experience, in middle, high and very high group than in low group of job stress, in very high group than in low group of burn-out. The results suggest that the job satisfaction of rescue workers is significantly influenced by various factors, including socio-demographic characteristics, health-related behaviors, job-related characteristics, violence experience, job stress, and burn-out.