• 전기저널
• /
• 10호통권154호
• /
• pp.8-15
• /
• 1989

• 한국소성가공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국소성가공학회 2009년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.355-356
• /
• 2009

The change of thermal expansion and mechanical behaviors by cold working has been investigated in Fe-29%Ni-17%Co low thermal expansion Kovar alloy. Fe-29%Ni-17%Co alloy was cold rolled gradually and prepared to plates having reduction ratio of 0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, and 80%. Annealing effect on the properties was also studied. Thermal expansion was measured from $25^{\circ}C$ to $600^{\circ}C$ with a heating rate of $5^{\circ}C$/min by using vacuum differential dilatometer. It was found that thermal expansion coefficient ($\alpha_{30{\sim}400}$) slightly decreased (reduction ration of 20%) and then remarkably increased (above reduction ration of 40%) with increasing reduction ratio of cold rolling. Thermal expansion coefficient ($\alpha_{30{\sim}400}$) was sharply decreased after annealing heat-treatment. Yield and tensile strengths were continuously increased and elongation was decreased by cold roiling. Microstructural observation and X-ray diffraction analysis results showed that the $\alpha$ phase significantly increased as the reduction ratio increased. The slight decrease of thermal expansion coefficient bellow reduction ration of 20% could be explained by the destroying short-range ordering and the decreasing of grain size. The significant increase of thermal expansion coefficient with cold rolling mainly attributed to the appearance of $\alpha$ phase. The correlation between the microstructural cause and invar phenomena for the low thermal expansion behavior was also discussed.

• 전자공학회논문지
• /
• 제50권8호
• /
• pp.39-44
• /
• 2013

LTE(Long Term Evolution)-Advanced에서는 저전력 피코셀(picocell)과 같은 소형셀을 중첩하여 배치해 시스템 성능을 향상시키기 위한 HetNet(Heterogeneous Network)에 대한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 또한 HetNet에서 데이터 오프로딩 효과를 증대시키기 위해 셀 영역 확장(CRE: Cell Range Expansion) 기술이 소개되었다. 본 논문에서는 최적의 오프로딩 효과를 위해 SINR(Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio) 기반 셀 선택 기법을 제안한다. 셀 확장 영역에 존재하는 사용자의 간섭 관리를 위해 ABS를 사용하며, 스펙스럼 효율을 증가시키기 위하여 동적인 ABS 비율을 사용한다. 모의실험 결과, 제안한 기법에서 피코셀뿐만 아니라 매크로셀 사용자의 스펙트럼 효율이 향상되어 전체적인 사용자의 성능이 향상 된 것을 볼 수 있다.

• 천문학회지
• /
• 제41권6호
• /
• pp.163-172
• /
• 2008

Using the spectral data in the 3700 to $10050{\AA}$ wavelength range secured with the Hamilton Echelle Spectrograph (HES) at the Lick observatory, we have investigated the expansion velocities and the physical conditions of the elliptical planetary nebula NGC 6803. Various forbidden and permitted lines, e.g. HI, HeI, HeII, [OIII], [NII], [ArIII], and [SII], indicate complicated but systematic physical conditions variation: electron temperatures $T_{\varepsilon}\;{\sim}\;9000$ - 11000 K and electron number densities $N_{\varepsilon}\;{\sim}\;2000$ - $9000\;cm^{-3}$. The line profile analysis of these ions also indicates the systematic change or the acceleration of the expansion velocities in the range of 10 - $22\;km\;s^{-1}$. We show that the velocity gradient and physical condition found in various ions are closely related to the prolate ellipsoidal structure of NGC 6803. The expansion velocity and the ionic abundance of $O^{2+}$ were derived based on the OII and [OIII] lines. In spite of the discrepancy of ionic abundances derived by the two cases and their line profiles, the expansion velocities of them agree well. We find that the ratios of the red to blue line component of the HeII & OII lines are different from those of the [OIII] or other forbidden lines that indicates a possible involvement of emission of HeII & OII lines. This subtle difference and the different physical condition of the lines are likely to be caused by the elongated geometry and the latitude dependence of the emission zone.

• 한국추진공학회지
• /
• 제15권5호
• /
• pp.54-59
• /
• 2011

최근 가스터빈엔진의 신뢰성 높은 시동시스템 개발이 가스터빈 산업의 주요 이슈로 부각되고 있다. 통상 엔진 성능향상 연구는 아이들에서 최대 회전수 사이 영역에서 수행되어 왔으나, 시동성능 및 신뢰성 향상 요구에 따라 엔진 정지상태에서 아이들까지 영역에 대한 탈설계 연구가 활발히 진행 중이다. 아이들 이하영역에서의 엔진 구성품 특성 파악은 이러한 시동연구의 기초가 되나 일반적인 구성품 단위시험은 여러 이유로 이 영역에 관심을 기울이지 못하였다. 압축기의 경우 일반적인 맵을 아이들 이하영역으로 확장하는 다양한 해석적 연구가 시도되고 있다. 본 연구는 지금까지 제안된 압축기맵 확장기법을 분석하고, 새로운 확장기법을 제안하여 그 결과를 시험결과와 비교/검증하였다.

• 한국추진공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국추진공학회 2010년도 제35회 추계학술대회논문집
• /
• pp.694-699
• /
• 2010

최근 가스터빈엔진의 신뢰성 높은 시동 능력을 확보하기 위한 시동성능 개발이 가스터빈 산업의 주요 이슈로 부각되고 있다. 통상 엔진 성능향상 연구는 아이들에서 최대 회전수 사이 영역에서 수행되어 왔으나, 이러한 개발요구에 따라 엔진 정지상태에서 아이들까지 영역에 대한 탈설계 연구가 활발히 진행 중이다. 아이들 이하영역에서의 엔진 구성품 특성 파악은 이러한 시동연구의 기초가 되나 일반적인 구성품 단위시험은 여러 이유로 이 영역에 관심을 기울이지 못하였다. 압축기의 경우 일반적인 맵을 아이들 이하영역으로 확장하는 다양한 해석적 연구가 시도되고 있다. 본 연구는 지금까지 제안된 압축기맵 확장기법을 분석하고, 새로운 확장기법을 제안하여 그 결과를 시험결과와 비교/검증하였다.

• Asian Journal of Innovation and Policy
• /
• 제10권1호
• /
• pp.68-89
• /
• 2021

The expansion of irrigated agricultural production can be appropriate for the southeast region in the U.S. as a climate change adaptation strategy. This study investigated the effect of supplemental development of irrigated agriculture on the regional economy by applying the supply side Georgia multiregional input-output (MRIO) model. For the analysis, 100% conversion of non-irrigated cultivable acreage into irrigated acreage for cotton, peanuts, corn, and soybeans in 42 counties of southwest Georgia is assumed. With this assumption, the difference in total net returns of production between the non-irrigation and irrigation method is calculated as input data of the Georgia MRIO model. Based on the information of a 95% confidence interval for each crop's average price, the lower and upper bounds of estimated results are also presented. The total impact of cotton production was $60 million with the range of $35 million to $85 million: The total impact of peanuts, soybeans, corn was $10.2 million (the range of $3.28 million to $23.7 million), $6.6 million (the range of $3.1 million to $10.2 million), $1.2 million (the range of -$6 million to $8.5 million), respectively.

• 한국세라믹학회지
• /
• 제29권7호
• /
• pp.533-538
• /
• 1992

Effect of Li2O.4B2O frit on the microstructural and thermal expansion behaviour of $\beta$-spodumene ceramics was investigated. With 4.0~8.0 wt.% frit addition, sintering temperature range was enlarged and densification was enhanced through liquid phase sintering. As the amount of frit addition was increased, thermal expansion coefficient was increased to 1.72$\times$10-6$^{\circ}C$-1 of its highest value, which indicated that the increment of thermal expansion coefficient due to the second phase was constrained.

• 한국세라믹학회지
• /
• 제28권5호
• /
• pp.415-421
• /
• 1991

Influence of Li2O.4B2O3 frit addition on the microstructure and thermal expansion properties of $\beta$-eucryptite ceramics was studied. With 1.0~10.0wt% frit addition, sintering temperature range was enlarged and densified body was obtained. Thermal expansion was increased from -6.67$\times$10-6 $^{\circ}C$-1 of pure sintered body to 1.03$\times$10-6$^{\circ}C$-1 of 6 wt% added body, but this increasement was accompanied by inhibition of thermal expansion anisotropy, so that improved microcracking property.

• 설비공학논문집
• /
• 제15권8호
• /
• pp.661-666
• /
• 2003

Constant area expansion devices such as capillary tubes, short tube orifices are being gradually replaced with electronic expansion valves (EEVs) because of increasing focus on comfort and energy conservation. In this study, the performance of a water-to-water heat pump as a function of refrigerant charge is investigated in steady state, cooling mode operation with expansion devices of a capillary tube and an EEV. The performance of the capillary tube system varies drastically according to the change of refrigerant charge amount and inlet temperature of the secondary fluid in the condenser. Cooling capacity and COP of the EEV system show little dependence on the refrigerant charge, while those are strongly dependent on the secondary fluid temperature at the condenser inlet. In general, for a wide range of operating conditions the EEV system shows much higher performance as compared with the capillary tube system. The performance of the EEV system can be optimized by adjusting EEV opening to maintain a constant superheat at all test conditions.