• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
• /
• 제11권3호
• /
• pp.63-68
• /
• 2010

본 연구에서는 지상 LiDAR(Light Detection And Ranging) 스캔자료를 이용하여 토석류 재해 발생지역에 대한 토석류 발생량을 산정하고자 하였다. 충북 제천시를 연구대상지역으로 선정하여, 1:5000 수치지도를 이용한 DEM(수치표고모형)자료와 LiDAR 측량자료를 이용한 수치표고모형자료를 비교분석 하고 토석류 발생량을 산정하였다. 연구결과 침식량은 $24,150m^3$, 퇴적량은 $14,296m^3$로 산정되었고, 수로형 토석류와 사면형 토석류의 형태, 만곡부에서의 퇴적 등이 적절히 표현되었다. 토석류 발생량의 산정연구는 토석류 재해저감이나 대책수립 및 수치모의에 유용한 기초자료로 활용 될 것이다.

• 디지털융복합연구
• /
• 제16권7호
• /
• pp.47-54
• /
• 2018

최근 우리나라는 토사재해로 인하여 해마다 많은 인명과 재산피해가 발생하고 있다. 비교법적으로 검토해 보면, 일본 히로시마에서는 1999년에 폭우로 인한 토사재해로 엄청난 피해가 발생하였는데, 이후 제정된 토사재해방지법에 근거하여 도도부현에 토사 재해 방지를 위한 비 구조 대책이 도입되었다. 여기에는 토사재해 경보, 대피 표준 강우량 제정, 토사재해 경계 구역 지정 및 토사재해 특별 경계 구역 지정 등이 포함되어 있다. 또한 구체적인 실제 적용례로서, 일본 가고시마현의 토사재해경계정보시스템과 전문 인력 활용방안인 일본 국토교통성의 TEC-FORCE사례를 중점적으로 살펴보았다. 향후, 일본과 같은 토사재해경계시스템과 전문 인력을 활용한 피해예방 및 피해저감 대책이 절대적으로 필요하다고 할 것이다.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
• /
• 제38권1호
• /
• pp.73-82
• /
• 2005

국내산지사면의 토양수분 시공간적 분포상황을 파악하기 위한 토양수분 측정법을 개발하였다. 대상유역을 정밀 측량하여 수치고도모형을 구성한 다음 흐름분배 알고리즘을 적용하였고 역측랑을 통한 대상 유역의 흐름분배 알고리즘의 유의성을 판단하였다. 이를 통한 공간적 변화의 대표성을 최대화하기 위한 장기 모니터링 시스템을 구축하였으며, 토양수분의 정확한 측정을 위해 TDR(Time Domain Reflectometry)을 이용하였다. 측정은 설마천 유역의 범륜사 우측사면에서 수행되었다. 강우사상에 의한 시공간적 토양수분의 변화 자료를 성공적으로 획득하였다. 획득된 토양수분자료는 측정시스템의 효용성과 사면유출의 과정에 대한 물리적인 과정을 나타낸다. 불연속적인 토양수분의 연직분포 양상은 사면 수문과정에서 선행흐름이나 대공극 흐름의 중요성을 의미한다.

• 한국농림기상학회지
• /
• 제10권4호
• /
• pp.167-176
• /
• 2008

Airborne pollen is known as one of the major causal agents to respiratory allergic reactions. Daily number of pollen grains was monitored using Burkard volumetric spore traps at seven locations including Seoul and Jeju during 1997-2007. Pollen grains were observed throughout the year especially from February to November. They showed similar distribution patterns of species among locations except in Jeju, where Japanese cedar vegetation is uniquely found. Peak seasons for pollen grains from trees and weeds were March to May and August to October, respectively. Tree pollens were mainly composed of pine, oak, alder, and birch. Weed pollens were mainly from Japanese hop, Worm wood, and ragweed. Diameter of pollen grains, which has a typical range of $20{\sim}60{\mu}m$, has close relationship with allergenicity. Allergenicity of tree and weed pollens is higher than that of grass pollens in general. In the case of trees and shrubs, pine trees account for about 70% of all tree pollens. However, pine pollens are weak allergens. The remaining 30% of tree pollens, including alder trees, white birches, and oaks, are moderate to strong allergens despite the smaller numbers. Grass and weeds are also highly likely to cause allergies. Especially, the pollens of Wormwood and Japanese hop are highly likely to cause allergies. Daily fluctuations in the number of pollens have to do with a variety of meteorological factors, such as temperature and rainfall.

• 한국농공학회논문집
• /
• 제62권6호
• /
• pp.73-83
• /
• 2020

Agricultural drought is a natural phenomenon that is difficult to observe and quantitatively express, and agricultural water use is high and usage patterns are diverse, so even if there is a lack of rainfall. The frequency and severity of agricultural drought are increased during the irrigation period where the demand for agricultural water is generated, and reasonable and efficient management of agricultural water for stable water supply is required. As one method to solve the water shortage of agricultural water in an unstructured method, it is necessary to analyze the appropriate supply amount and supply method through simulation from the intake works to the canals organization and paddy field. In this study, irrigation efficiency was analyzed for irrigation systems from April to September over the past three years from the Musu Reservoir located in Jincheon-gun, Chungcheongbuk-do and Pungjeon Reservoir located in Seosan-si, Chungcheongnam-do. SWMM (Storm Water Management Model) was used to collect agricultural water, and irrigation efficiency analysis was conducted using adequacy indicators, and water supply vulnerability. The results of the agricultural water distribution simulation, irrigation efficiency and water supply vulnerability assessment are thought to help the overall understanding of the agricultural water supply and the efficient water management through preliminary analysis of the methods of agricultural water supply in case of drought events.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한원격탐사학회 2003년도 Proceedings of ACRS 2003 ISRS
• /
• pp.962-964
• /
• 2003

In 2002 Thailand was faced with severe flooding in the North, Northeast and Central parts of the country caused by heavy rainfall of the monsoonal depression which brought about significant damages. According to the report by the Ministry of Interior and the Ministry of Agricultural and Co-operatives, the total damages were estimated to be about 6 billion bath. More than 850,000 farmers and 10 million livestock were effected. An area of 1,450,000 ha of farmland in 59 Provinces were put under water for a prolonged period. Satellite imageries were employed for mapping and monitoring the flood-inundated areas, flood damage assessment, flood hazard zoning and post-flood survey of river configuration and protection works. By integrating satellite data with other updated spatial and non-spatial data, likely flood zones can be predicted beforehand. Some examples of satellite data application to flood dis aster mitigation in Thailand during 2002 using mostly Radarsat-1 data and Landsat-7 data were illustrated and discussed in the paper. The results showed that satellite data can clearly identify and give information on the status, flooding period, boundary and damage of flooding. For comprehensive flood mitigation planning, other geo-informatic data, such as the elevation of topography, hydrological data need to be integrated. Ground truth data of the watershed area, including the water level, velocity, drainage pattern and direction were also useful for flood forecasting in the future.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
• /
• 제39권4호
• /
• pp.321-334
• /
• 2006

본 연구에서는 3차원 공간상에서 구면 좌표계값을 가지는 레이더 반사도 자료를 직교 좌표계로 변환하기 위한 CAPPI(Constant Altitude Plan Position Indicator) 산출 프로그램을 개발한다. 오염되지 않은 CAPPI 자료의 산출을 위해서 레이더 반사도 자료에 대한 품질검사 과정이 선행되었다. 개발된 모형은 3차원 공간상에서의 연속성을 유지하기 위해서 가장 근접하고 가장 적은 자료수를 운영함으로서 최적의 반사도 자료를 보간하였다. 개발된 모형은 자료의 이용목적에 따라서 다양한 해상도 및 고도에 대한 자료가 필요할 수 있다는 생각 하에 임의의 해상도 및 고도등에 대한 자료를 효율적으로 계산해 낼 수 있다.

• 생태와환경
• /
• 제37권3호통권108호
• /
• pp.263-271
• /
• 2004

체류시간이 서로 다른 두 부영양 수계에서 미소먹이망의 생태학적 정보를 파악하고자, 기초적 환경요인과 bacterioplankton 및 nanoplankton의 현존량 및 탄소생체량을 각각 조사하였다. 조사기간동안 두 수계 공히 강우는 주로 7월에서 9월에 집중하였으며, 수온 역시 큰 차이는 없었다. 두 수계의 플랑크톤 군집은 공히 저온기 동안에는 비교적 세포크기가 큰 nanoplankton이 우점한 반면, 고온기 동안에는 소형 bacterioplankton이 높은 현존량을 나타냈다. 그러나 비교적 수계가 안정된 석촌호수에서는 강우에 큰 영향을 받지 않은 반면, 경안천에서 nanoplankton은 현존량은 물론 탄소생체량의 다양한 변화를 보였다. 두 수계의 미세먹이망은 석촌호수에서는 박테리아와 phytoplankton 또는 cyanobacteria간에 밀접한 분포 관계를 보인 반면, 경안천에서는 박테리아와 protist 사이에 뚜렷한 먹이관계를 보였다. 또한 경안천에서 개체수와 탄소생체량간의 비대칭적인 현상이 뚜렷하였다. 따라서 경안천의 미세먹이망은 수온이나 영양물질보다 강우에 의한 빠른 체류시간에 의해 강하게 영향을 받고 있지만, 안정된 수계에 비해 bacterioplankton보다 nanoplankton들의 높은 성장과 종 다양성을 유도하였다.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국수자원학회 2018년도 학술발표회
• /
• pp.158-158
• /
• 2018

Drought is a recurrent natural hazard in Bangladesh. It has significant impacts on agriculture, environment, and society. Well-timed information on the onset, extent, intensity, duration, and impacts of drought can mitigate the potential drought-related losses. Thus, drought characteristics need to be explained in terms of frequency, severity, and duration. This paper aims to characterize the spatial and temporal pattern of meteorological drought using EDI and illustrated drought severity over Bangladesh. Twenty-seven (27) station-based daily rainfall data for the study period of 1981-2015 were used to calculate the EDI values over Bangladesh. The evaluation of EDI is conducted for 4 sub-regions over the country to confirm the historical drought record-developed at the regional scale. The finding shows that on average, the frequency of severe to extreme drought is approximately 0.7 events per year. As a result of the regional analysis, most of the recorded historical drought events were successfully detected during the study period. Additionally, the seasonal analysis showed that the extreme droughts were frequently hit in northwestern, middle portion of the eastern and small portion of central parts of Bangladesh during the Kharif(wet) and Rabi(dry) seasons. The severe drought was affected recurrently in the central and northern regions of the country during all cropping seasons. The study also points out that the northern, south-western and central regions in Bangladesh are comparatively vulnerable to both extreme and severe drought event. The study showed that EDI would be a useful tool to identify the drought-prone area and time and potentially applicable to the climate change-induced drought evolution monitoring at regional to the national level in Bangladesh. The outcome of the present study can be used in taking anticipatory strategies to mitigate the drought damages on agricultural production as well as human sufferings in drought-prone areas of Bangladesh.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국수자원학회 2018년도 학술발표회
• /
• pp.154-154
• /
• 2018

To interpret the climate projections for the future as well as present, recognition of the consequences of the climate internal variability and quantification its uncertainty play a vital role. The Korean Peninsula belongs to the Far East Asian Monsoon region and its rainfall characteristics are very complex from time and space perspective. Its internal variability is expected to be large, but this variability has not been completely investigated to date especially using models of high temporal resolutions. Due to coarse spatial and temporal resolutions of General Circulation Models (GCM) projections, several studies adopted dynamic and statistical downscaling approaches to infer meterological forcing from climate change projections at local spatial scales and fine temporal resolutions. In this study, stochastic downscaling methodology was adopted to downscale daily GCM resolutions to hourly time scale using an hourly weather generator, the Advanced WEather GENerator (AWE-GEN). After extracting factors of change from the GCM realizations, these were applied to the climatic statistics inferred from historical observations to re-evaluate parameters of the weather generator. The re-parameterized generator yields hourly time series which can be considered to be representative of future climate conditions. Further, 30 ensemble members of hourly precipitation were generated for each selected station to quantify uncertainty. Spatial map was generated to visualize as separated zones formed through K-means cluster algorithm which region is more inconsistent as compared to the climatological norm or in which region the probability of occurrence of the extremes event is high. The results showed that the stations located near the coastal regions are more uncertain as compared to inland regions. Such information will be ultimately helpful for planning future adaptation and mitigation measures against extreme events.