• Proceedings of the SCSK Conference
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• 2003.09a
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• pp.820-829
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• 2003

One of the important function of skin is the protection from harmful environments. Many studies were carried out to keep the skin from wrinkling and pigmenting. Skin wrinkle and pigmentation could be caused' by the unusual disruption of connective tissue, the formation of free radicals and the radiation of ultraviolet. In this study, the extracts obtained from 23 different kinds of medicinal plants were examined whether they have inhibitory effect on tyrosinase and elastase as well as free radical scavenging effect. All the extracts examined were obtained by using 70% (v/v) ethanol at $60^{\circ}C$. It has been found that there were two medicinal plants which have positive effects matching with the purpose of this study. The extract of Ephedra sinica stapf shows an inhibitory effect on tyrosinase ($IC_{50}$ = 83.7~$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml), on elastase ($IC_{50}$ = $690{\mu}\textrm{g}$/ml), and also shows free radical scavenging effect ($IC_{50}$ = 29.6$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml). The extract of Betula platyphylla Var. shows an inhibitory effect on elastase ($IC_{50}$ = 498.1$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml), and free radical scavenging effect ($IC_{50}$ = 9$\mu\textrm{g}$/ ml). The aim of the study is to find the natural compounds which have function in skin-lightening, anti-wrinkling and anti-oxidation, with safe and active ingredients in cosmetic.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.103-114
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• 2005

Objectives : This studies were carried out to evaluate the effects on anti-oxidation activities in different parts as trunk bark and root bark of Ulmus devidiana Planchon. var. japonica Nakai and Hemipteleae davidii (Hance) Planchon. Methods : For evaluation of antioxidative effects, scavenging activity on superoxide anion radical and DPPH radical were measured. Also, inhibitory activity on LDL oxidation and linoleic acid peroxidation were measured in each samples. In the in vivo test, inhibitory activity on TBARS production, GSH contents in rat liver were measured. SOD, Catalase, GSH-px and ALDH activity were analysed in ethanol extracts of Ulmi Radicis Cortex. Result : 1. Scavenging activity on superoxide anion radical was higher in water extract than in ethanol extract even in low concentration of 50ppm as over 90%. 2. There was no difference between water extract and ethanol extract in the scavenging activity on DPPH radical but, Ulmi Raclicis Cortex and Ulmi Trunci Cortex showed high effect even in low concentration of 10ppm. 3. GSH reduction was prevented and antioxidative activity such as Mn-SOD, GSH-px in the rat liver recovered in the treatment of ethanol extracts of Ulmi Radicis Cortex. Conclusion : Ulmi Radicis Cortex recorded as Ulmi Trunci Cortex in official regulation book. But, it was known that Ulmi Radicis Cortex was more effective than Ulmi Trunci Cortex in most physical activities.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.126-135
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to investigate the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-cellular adhesion molecules effects of Allii Macrostemonis Bulbus, Artemisiae Capillaris Herba, Curcumae Radix, Crataegi Fructus, Salviae Militiorrhizae Radix complex extract(AMCP) on the inhibition of atherosclerosis in HUVEC. We measured DPPH radical scavenging activity and ABTS radical scavenging activity of AMCP to evaluate its antioxidant effect. And we also measured the expression level of NF-κB, IκBα, ERK, JNK, p38 proteins to evaluate its anti-inflammatory effect. Lastly, we measured the expression level of MCP-1, ICAM-1, VCAM-1 mRNA and their level to evaluate its anti-celluar adhesion molecules. AMCP did not show any cytotoxicity in HUVEC within the concentraion tested except for a concentration of 400 ㎍/㎖. AMCP increased the DPPH radical scavenging activitiy and ABTS radical scavenging activity in HUVEC as the concentration of AMCP rises. AMCP significantly reduced NF-κB, IκBα, JNK, ERK and p38 protein expression in HUVEC compared to control group. AMCP significantly reduced MCP-1, ICAM-1, VCAM-1 gene expresion in HUVEC compared to control group. AMCP significantly decreased the levels of MCP-1, ICAM-1, VCAM-1 in HUVEC compared to control group. These results suggest that AMCP has effects on antioxidation, anti-inflammation and anti-cellular adhesion molecule, which helps the treatment and prevention of dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.1-16
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• 2024

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of Goryeon-hwan (GRH), which is mentioned in ≪Donguibogam≫ that treats leukorrhea. Methods: In this study, the antioxidant efficacy of GRH was evaluated by measuring the total polyphenol and flavonoid content, DPPH radical scavenging activity, ABTS radical scavenging activity, and ROS production through RAW264.7 cells. The concentration of GRH cytotoxicity was confirmed through the cell viability of RAW264.7 cells, and the production of NO, the production of Cytokine through ELISA assay, and the expression of genes through Real-time PCR were measured to evaluate anti-inflammatory efficacy. Protein phosphorylation and protein expression were measured through Western blot analysis. Results: As a result of the experiment, GRH contained polyphenol and flavonoid, and concentration-dependent increased DPPH radical scavenging activity and ABTS radical scavenging activity and decreased ROS production. The anti-inflammatory efficacy measurement results showed a significant decrease in NO and Cytokine production in the GRH administration group compared to the control group. In terms of gene expression and protein expression, there was a significant decrease in iNOS, COX-2, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α depending on the concentration, and a significant increase in HO-1 and NQO1. Protein phosphorylation measurements showed a concentration-dependent significant decrease in the GRH group at ERK and p38. Conclusions: As a result, the study experimentally confirmed the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of GRH, suggesting that it may be used as a treatment for various gynecological inflammatory diseases including vaginitis.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.134-142
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• 2007

This study was performed to determine the antioxidative and cytotoxic effects of Elaeagnus multiflora by examining its scavenging effects on the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl(DPPH) radical, the inhibition of lipid peroxidation, and its inhibitory effects on cancer cell proliferation in HeLa cells, MCF-7 cells, and SNU-638 cells by MTT assay. Here, dried samples were extracted in ehtanol at room temperature and fractionated into five different solvent types: hexane, dichloromethane, ethylacetate, butanol, and aqueous partition layers. The hexane(62.92${\pm}$2.45%) and dichloromethane(65.25${\pm}$4.74%) fractions of Elaeagnus multiflora's flesh, and the aqueous(94.65${\pm}$0.02%) and ethylacetate(93.83${\pm}$0.02%) fractions of Elaeagnus multiflora's seeds, inhibited DPPH radical production. The DPPH radical scavenging effects of the flesh and seed were different according to solvent fractions. The inhibition of lipid peroxidation by the flesh and seed extracts were 76.11${\pm}$3.66 and 69.57${\pm}$2.27, respectively, for hexane and 67.57${\pm}$2.43 and 62.09${\pm}$0.90, respectively, for the dichloromethane fraction. Among the various partition layers of Elaeagnus multiflora's flesh, hexane and dichloromethane showed the strong cytotoxicities on all the cancer cell lines used in the study. Also all the fractions of Elaeagnus multiflora's seed exhibited significant effects on the inhibition of cancer cell growth(hexane > dichloromethane > ethylacetate > butanol > aqueous partition layers). These results indicate that the haxane and dichloromethane partition layers of Elaeagnus multiflora's flesh and seed extracts have possible antioxidative and anticancer capacities. Although further studies are needed, the present work suggests that Elaeagnus multiflora may be an antioxidative and chemopreventive agent.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2019.10a
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• pp.88-88
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• 2019

Antioxidants are involved in the defense mechanism against the attack of free radicals. This study was carried out to determine the antioxidant activity of new variety of Glycyrrhiza cultivar radix, Wongam and Sinwongam. Dissolved freeze dried Wongam and Sinwongam extracts were filtered by $0.2{\mu}m$ filter and serially diluted at the concentrations of $10{\mu}g/mL$, $50{\mu}g/mL$, $100{\mu}g/mL$, $500{\mu}g/mL$, and $1000{\mu}g/mL$. The antioxidant potential was determined by DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging activity, ABTS (2,2-azino-bis (3-rthylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt) radical cation decolorization assay, nitrite radical scavenging assay, and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay. DPPH radical scavenging activities (i.e. the highest value $50.9{\pm}0.8%$ by Wongam and $82.6{\pm}1.1%$ by Sinwongam), ABTS radical scavenging activities (i.e. the highest value $88.1{\pm}1.8%$ by Wongam and $98.6{\pm}0.1%$ by Sinwongam), and nitrite radical scavenging activities (i.e. the highest value $87.3{\pm}1.6%$ by Wongam and $89.8{\pm}0.8%$ by Sinwongam) increased in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, ferric reducing power activities also increased in a dose-dependent manner. The FRAP value of Wongam and Sinwongam extracts were $0.72{\pm}0.03$ and $0.99{\pm}0.06$ compared to ascorbic acid, as a positive control, was $1.32{\pm}0.02$. These results suggested that Wongam and Sinwongam have beneficial effects as a potent antioxidant.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.32 no.8
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• pp.1318-1322
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• 2003

This study was carried out to identify the biophysical utility of bioflavonoids by the determination of their antioxidative activities, radical scavenging activity and inhibitory effect on the ACE activity. The results obtained were as follows; All flavonoids experimented greatly inhibited the linoleic acid oxidation from the early period of oxidation, and the radical scavenging ability was also greater in genistein and daidzein than other flavonoids, generally showing donating ability. Rutin has the metal-chelating ability with C $u^{2+}$ and $Mg^{2+}$, which means to have the inhibitory effect on the promotive oxidation of lipid by metal ion. All flavonoids experimented inhibited the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) activity, which was greater in genistein and daidzein than other flavonoids.s.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.191-196
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• 2007

We investigated radical scavenging effects and protective activities of fucoidan and alginic acid, active polysaccharide components from brown seaweeds, against peroxyl radical-induced oxidative stress under in vitro and cellular system. Fucoidan exerted strong radical scavenging effects against nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide anion $(O_2)$. On the other hand, alginic acid did not show inhibitory activity against NO and relatively weak $O_2{^-}$ scavenging effect. Additionally, alginic acid exhibited higher hydroxyl scavenging activity than fucoidan. Both fucoidan and alginic acid significantly enhanced cell viability against oxidative stress induced by 2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane)dihydrochloride (AAPH). At $1000{\mu}g/mL$ concentration of fucoidan and alginic acid, the viability was increased from 16.4% to 85.9% and 67.7%, respectively. In addition, fucoidan and alginic acid ameliorated the lipid peroxidation in LLC-PK1 cell induced by AAPH in a dose-dependent manner. In particular, fucoidan showed stronger inhibitory effect than alginic acid in the cellular system. The present study suggests that fucoidan and alginic acid may be promising antioxidants against oxidative stress induced by free radicals.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.297-304
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• 2012

Pylaiella littoralis was collected in the Chuuk lagoon of the Federated States of Micronesia (FSM). The FSM has a variety of coral reef ecosystems, which provide essential materials, such as minerals, vitamins, essential amino acids, for marine organisms. In this study, the antioxidant activities of ethanol and enzymatic extracts of P. littoralis were evaluated by measuring their scavenging activities on DPPH free radical, Alkyl radical, hydroxyl radical and cell viability. The enzymatic extracts were hydrolyzed to prepare water soluble extracts by using five carbohydrate degrading enzymes (AMG, Celluclast, Termamyl, Ultraflo, and Viscozyme) and five proteases (Alcalase, Flavourzyme, Kojizyme, Neutrase, and Protamex). As a result, the enzymatic extracts prepared by Flavourzyme, Ultraflo, and Kojizyme exhibited the greatest effects in DPPH free radical, alkyl radical scavenging activity and cell viability. Also, these enzymatic extracts had a higher antioxidant effect then commercial antioxidants in DPPH free radical and Alkyl radical scavenging activity. This study suggests that P. littoralis might be a useful source of natural antioxidants for the development of dietary supplements.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.141-154
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• 2015

Objective : In this paper, we investigated the anti-oxidative capacities and protective effects of water extract of palmul-tang (PMT) against Ultraviolet B(UVB)-induced oxidative damage in human keratinocytes(HaCaT). Method : To evaluate the anti-oxidative activities of PMT, we measured scavenging activities on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH) radical, hydroxyl radical, hydrogen peroxide, superoxide anion, lipid peroxidation and reducing power of PMT. To give an oxidative stress to HaCaT cells, UVB was irradiated with $40mJ/cm^2$ to HaCaT cells. To detect the protective effects of PMT against UVB, we measured cell viability, apoptotic bodies and reactive oxygen species(ROS) generation. Results : PMT showed the anti-oxidative activities by scavenging DPPH radical, hydroxyl radical, hydrogen peroxide, superoxide anion, lipid peroxidation. Also PMT showed high reducing values. The UVB-induced oxidative conditions led to the cell apoptosis. However, treatment with PMT reduced oxidative stress conditions, including inhibition of cell apoptosis and expression of ROS. Conclusion : PMT had anti-oxidative activities and exhibited protective effects against UVB on HaCaT cells. PMT would be useful for the development of cosmetics treating UVB-induced skin aging.