• 생명과학회지
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• 제24권11호
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• pp.1217-1223
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• 2014

본 연구는 찔레의 열수추출물과 에탄올추출물간의 항산화 활성 비교를 위해 in vitro에서 총 페놀 및 플라보노이드 함량을 측정하였으며, DPPH, ABTS, NO radical 소거능 및 환원력을 $10{\sim}500{\mu}g/ml$의 농도에서 실험하였다. DPPH radical 소거능은 열수추출물(4.95~92.15%)과 에탄올추출물(2.76~90.55%)이 모두 농도 의존적으로 유의성 있게 높아졌으며 열수추출물이 더 높은 소거능을 보였다. ABTS radical 소거능을 비교한 결과 열수추출물(4.44~92.99%)이 에탄올추출물(2.63~87.12%)에 비해 유의적으로 높은 소거활성을 나타내었다. 환원력은 열수추출물(0.256~0.775)이 에탄올추출물(0.234~0.568)에 비해 유의적으로 높은 활성을, 그리고 농도 의존적으로 높아지는 것을 보였으며, NO radical 소거능을 비교한 결과 열수추출물이 에탄올추출물보다 조금 높은 활성을 보였고 농도 의존적으로 높아지는 것을 확인하였다. 찔레추출물의 항산화력의 $IC_{50}$값을 비교한 결과 DPPH radical 소거능, ABTS radical 소거능에서 각각 열수추출물에서 79.73, $79.82{\mu}g/ml$으로 나타났고, 에탄올추출물의 경우 145.85, $159.03{\mu}g/ml$로 나타났다. 총 페놀함량은 열수추출물에서 140.74 mg/g, 에탄올추출물에서 37.83 mg/g 플라보노이드 함량은 열수추출물에서 45.31 mg/g, 에탄올추출물에서 42.68 mg/g로 에탄올 추출물에 비해 열수추출물이 높게 나타났다. 결론적으로 찔레꽃 추출물은 항산화 효능을 나타내는 실험들에서 모두 높은 수치를 나타내어 천연 항산화제로 이용가치가 높다고 사료된다.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.867-873
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• 2010

본 실험에서는 꽈리를 열매, 꽃받침, 잎, 줄기, 뿌리 등 부위별로 구분하여 메탄올로 추출하고 추출 수율, 총페놀 함량, 총플라보노이드 함량, DPPH radical 소거능, 아질산염 소거능, superoxide anion radical 소거능, 환원력, 철 이온에 대한 킬레이트 효과 등을 측정하였다. 추출 수율은 열매가 가장 높았고 그 다음으로 꽃받침, 잎, 줄기, 뿌리 순이었다. 총페놀 및 총플라보노이드 함량은 잎 추출물이 가장 높았고 그 다음으로 꽃받침 추출물이었다. DPPH radical 소거능은 1 mg/mL 및 5 mg/mL의 농도에서 잎 추출물이 가장 높았고 꽃받침 추출물도 높은 활성을 나타내었다. 아질산염 소거능은 모든 부위에서 농도에 따라 유의적인 차이 없이 높게 나타났다. 꽈리 추출물의 superoxide anion radical 소거능은 꽃받침과 잎 추출물이 높은 활성을 나타내었다. 환원력은 잎 추출물에서 가장 높게 나타났고 철 이온에 대한 킬레이트 효과는 꽃받침, 줄기 및 뿌리 추출물이 높은 활성을 나타내었다. 이상의 결과를 종합하여 보면 꽈리의 잎 추출물에서 총 페놀 함량, 총플라보노이드 함량과 항산화 활성이 탁월하게 높게 나타났고 그 다음으로 꽃받침 추출물이 우수한 항산화 활성을 나타내어 향후 이를 이용한 천연 항산화제로 개발 가능성이 시사되었다.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제50권3호
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• pp.115-119
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• 2007

To discover the sources with antioxidant and tyrosinase inhibitory activities in Korean traditional medicines, 10 extract of medicinal plants were screened for their potential to scavenge stable 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical, inhibit hydroxyl radical (${\cdot}OH$), total phenolic content, and inhibition of tyrosinase. The potency of DPPH radical scavenging activity was shown in the extract of Ulmus davidiana var. japonica Nakai that has a greater effect with $IC_{50}$ values of $6.49{\pm}5.43{\mu}g/mL$, than BHA ($IC_{50}=20.99{\pm}0.74{\mu}g/mL$), L-ascorbic acid $(IC_{50}=20.59{\pm}1.06{\mu}g/mL),\;and\;{\alpha}-tocopherol\;(IC_{50}=25.55{\pm}0.26{\mu}g/mL)$ as a positive control. The ${\cdot}OH$ scavenging activities were observed in the plants tested. Acanthopanax senticosus, Cirsium setiders, U. davidiana exhibited scavenging activity of more than 60% at $500{\mu}g/mL$. The scavenging activity(%) of BHA and a-tocopherol were 64.32 and 55.87% at $500{\mu}g/mL$, respectively. The total phenolic content was determined, in order to assess its effect on the extract's antioxidant activity. The total phenoic content of $33.37{\pm}0.52mg/g$ was conformed by methanolic extract of U. davidiana. The U. davidiana and Morus bombycis exhibited tyrosinase inhibitory activity with a $34.28{\pm}1.32\;and\;75.57{\pm}1.10%$, respectively. In particular, M. bombycis has stronger tyrosinase inhibitory activity than albutin with $36.48{\pm}3.56%$ as a positive control. This work showed that the inhibitory abilities of Korean medicinal plants, such as U. davidiana and M. bombycis, on DPPH free radical, inhibit hydroxyl radical (${\cdot}OH$), and inhibition of tyrosinase and total phenolic content, can be useful in the prevention and treatment of free radical-relate disease. Investigations into further isolation of inhibitory principles of U. davidiana and M. bombycis are now in progress.

• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.199-212
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• 2000

A series of novel ascorbic acid derivatives, polyethoxylated ascorbic acid (PEAA) were synthesized by coupling ascorbic acid with polyethylene glycol (PEG) of two molecular weights (MW: 350 and 550) at the C-2 or C-3 hydroxyl group (2PEAA350, 3PEAA350, 2PEAA550, 3PEAA550) to increase the stability and retain the activity, as a skin whitening agent. Their stability, scavenging activity against free radical, inhibitory activity against tyroxinase and inhibitory activity of melanin synthesis in Bl6 melanoma cell of PEAAs were evaluated in viかo and compared with those of ascorbic acid and 3-O-ethyl ascorbic acid (3OEAA), a Con stable vitamin C derivative. Among PEAAs, 2PEAA350 and 2PEAA550 tad high scaveniging activity against See radical, inhibitory activity against tyrosinase and inhibitory activity if melanogenesis but low stability, 3PEAA350 had high stability and moderate scavenging activity against free radical, infibitory activity against tyrosinase and inhibitory activity of melanogenesis. The stability, scavenging activity against free radical and inhibitory activity of melanogenesis of 3PEAA350 were higher than those of 30EAA. The most stable 3PEAA350 among PEAAs was nontoxic in various toxicological tests. These results suggest that PEAA would be a good whitening agent far enhancing stability and bioavailability.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.312-316
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• 2009

Antioxidant-rich oils were extracted from different parts of sea buckthorn berry with supercritical $CO_2$ (SC-$CO_2$) and n-hexane. The functional components were analyzed and the extracts were screened for their potential as radical scavengers in 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH), 2,2'-azinobis-3-ethylbenzotiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS), galvinoxyl systems. Minor differences were found in fatty acid composition of oils extracted by the two methods. Seed oil contains the highest content of tocopherols while pulp oil and whole berry oil possessed higher concentration of carotenoids. Whole berry oil, pulp oil, and seed oil extracted by SC-$CO_2$ showed 91.7, 90.9, and 93.5% radical scavenging activity (RSA) at 6 mg/mL towards DPPH and 74.3, 54.3, and 74.8% towards galvanoxyl radical at 10 mg/mL. The hexane-extracted oils showed similar scavenging ability. However, the oils obtained by hexane showed significantly higher RSA (p<0.05) than those obtained by SC-$CO_2$ while whole berry oil has the highest RSA towards ABTS among 3 oil samples.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.32-38
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• 2003

시판되고 있는 두류 13종류의 70% 에탄을 추출물을 제조하여, 이들의 항산화 활성을 환원력, 지질과산화 억제 활성, superoxide radical 소저활성, hydroxyl radical 소거활성, mitomycin C로 유도된 DNA의 산화적 손상에 대한 억제활성을 지표로 조사하였다. 환원력은 예팥, 속피리, 유월콩 및 적두가 높았다. 지질과산화 억제능을 조사한 결과, linoleic acid 자동산화계를 이용한 실험계에서 모든 시료가 억제활성을 보인 반면, 토끼 적혈구막 지질과 산화에 대한 억제활성은 쥐눈이콩과 적두, 속피리에서만 관찰되었다. Superoxide radical 소거활성은 예팥, 나물콩, 적두, 쥐눈이콩에서 높게 나타났으며, hydroxyl radical 소거활성은 속피리, 청태, 예팥과 제비콩에서 높았다. Mitomycin C로 유도된 DNA의 산화적 손상에 대한 억제활성을 조사한 결과, 모든 품종들이 DNA의 산화적 손상을 억제할 수 있었으나, 특히 예팥, 쥐눈이콩, 나물콩, 녹두, 적두의 억제활성이 우수하였다. 이상의 실험결과에서 예팥, 적두, 쥐눈이콩, 속피리가 환원력, 지질과산화 억제, superoxide radical 및 hydroxyl radical 소거활성, DNA의 산화적 손상에 대한 억제활성 둥 항산화활성이 우수한 품종임을 알 수 있었다.

• 생약학회지
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.224-229
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• 2013

Bromotopsentin (BSM) is a bisindole alkaloid compound, which is recognized as a metabolite of the marine sponge Spongosorites sp. In this study, the antioxidant activity of BSM was investigated. The 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging assay, the trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) assay, the superoxide radical scavenging (NBT) assay, the lipid peroxidation and hydroxyl radical-induced DNA damage assays were carried out to evaluate the antioxidant activity of BSM. It was found that BSM had stronger scavenging activity on the stable free radical DPPH and superoxide radical than L-ascorbic acid with an $IC_{50}$ value of 62 and 64 ${\mu}M$, respectively. The TEAC value which indicated the total antioxidant capacity of BSM was about 0.8, which was also stronger than L-ascorbic acid. About 1.3 ${\mu}M$ of BSM induced 50% inhibition of lipid peroxidation. 60 nM of BSM exhibited a significant protective activity against DNA strand scission by hydroxyl radical on pBR322 DNA. Taken together, we suggest that BSM possesses strong antioxidant activity, and could be a valuable new addition to the list of anti-aging chemotherapeutic agents.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.259-265
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• 2008

This study was designed to investigate the protective effect of fucoidan against AAPH-induced oxidative stress in LLC-PK1 cells (porcine kidney epithelial cells). Oxidative stress was induced by exposing of LLC-PK1 cells to the 1 mM 2,2'-azobis(2-amidino propane) dihydrochloride (AAPH) for 24 hr. Exposure of LLC-PK1 cells to 1 mM AAPH for 24 hr resulted in a significant (p<0.05) decrease in cell viability, but fucoidan treatment protected LLC-PK1 cells from AAPH-induced cell damage in a dose dependant manner. To investigate the protective action of fucoidan against AAPH-induced damage of LLC-PK1 cells, we measured the effects of fucoidan on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes activities of AAPH treated cells as well as scavenging activities on superoxide anion radical and hydroxyl radical. Fucoidan had protective effect against the AAPH-induced LLC-PK1 cellular damage and decreased lipid peroxidation and increased activities of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-px). Furthermore, fucoidan showed strong scavenging activity against superoxide anion radical. The $IC_{50}$ value of fucoidan was $48.37{\pm}1.54\;{\mu}g/mL$ for superoxide anion radical scavenging activity. The fucoidan also had high hydroxyl radical scavenging activity ($IC_{50}=32.03\;{\mu}g/mL$). These results indicate that fucoidan protects against AAPH-induced LLC-PK1 cell damage by inhibiting lipid peroxidation, increasing antioxidant enzyme activities and scavenging offree radicals.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제47권3호
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• pp.293-299
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• 2004

거대배아미 에탄올 추출물의 항산화활성을 지질과산화 억제활성 및 활성산소종의 소거활성을 중심으로 일반미와 대조하여 검토하였다. 연구 결과, 발아처리는 전반적으로 환원력 및 지질과산화 억제활성, superoxide radical 및 hydroxyl radical 소거활성을 상승시켰으며, 발아처리에 의한 항산화 활성의 증가현상이 화청거대배아미에서 가장 뚜렷하였다. Superoxide radical 소거작용에 있어서는 남풍거대배아미가 전체적인 소거활성은 높았으나, 발아처리에 의한 활성의 상승률은 역시 화청거대배아미가 가장 높았고, 그 작용기작은 시료에 의한 직접적인 radical 소거에 있는 것으로 나타났다. 생체 독성이 가장 큰 hydroxyl radical 소거활성을 조사한 결과, 화청거대배아미가 전체적인 소거활성 뿐 아니라, 발아처리에 의한 소거활성의 증가율도 가장 높았으며, 그 작용기작도 $Fe^{2+}$의 포족이 아닌 직접적인 라디칼 소거임이 밝혀졌다. 이와 같은 in vitro에서 관찰된 시료의 ROS 소거활성은 TPA하여 유도된 HL-60 세포의 ROS 생산을 억제하는데 유효하게 작용하였다.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.107-117
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant and anticholinesterase activities of yellow and white bitter yams from South Western Nigeria using methanolic extraction and simulated gastrointestinal digestion models. The phenolic compounds in the bitter yam varieties were evaluated by high performance liquid chromatography with a diode array detector (HPLC-DAD). The total phenolic content of the bitter yams was measured by the Folin-Ciocalteu method, reductive potential by assessing the ability of the bitter yam to reduce $FeCl_3$ solution, and the antioxidant activities were determined by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical ($DPPH^{\cdot}$) scavenging activity, 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical cation ($ABTS^{{\cdot}+}$) scavenging activity, nitric oxide radical ($NO^{\cdot}$) scavenging ability, hydroxyl radical scavenging ability, and ability to inhibit $Fe^{2+}$-induced lipid oxidation. The HPLC-DAD analysis revealed the presence of some phenolic compounds in the studied bitter yam varieties, with varying degree of quantitative changes after cooking. The antioxidant indices (total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, reducing power, $DPPH^{\cdot}$ scavenging activity, $ABTS^{{\cdot}+}$ scavenging activity, and $NO^{\cdot}$ scavenging activity) were higher in the simulated gastrointestinal digestion model compared to the methanolic extract, with the in vitro digested cooked white bitter yam ranking higher. Similarly, the in vitro digested yams had a higher inhibitory action against lipid oxidation compared to the methanolic extracts, with the cooked white bitter yam ranking high. The methanolic extracts and in vitro enzyme digests showed no acetylcholinesterase inhibitory abilities, while methanolic extracts and the in vitro enzyme digest displayed some level of butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory activities. Therefore the studied bitter yams could be considered as possible health supplements.