• Toxicological Research
• /
• 제18권2호
• /
• pp.159-165
• /
• 2002

Recently, we reported (korean J. Biomed. Lab. Sci., 6(4): 245-251, 2000) that cyclohexane (l.56 g/kg of body wt., i.p.) administration led to lung injury in rats. However the detailed mechanism remain to be elucidated. This study was designed to clarify the mechanism of lung damage induced by cyclohexane in rats. First, lung damage was assessed by quantifying bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BAL) protein content as well us by histopathological examination. Second, activities of serum xanthine oxidase (XO), pulmonary XO and oxygen free radical scavenging enzymes. XO tope conversion (O/D + O, %) ratio and content of reduced glutathione (GSH) were determined. In the histopathological findings, the vasodilation, local edema and hemorrhage were demonstrated in alveoli of lung. And vascular lumens filled with lipid droplets, increased macrophages in luminal margin and increased fibroblast-like interstitial cells in interstitial space were observed in electron micrographs. The introperitoneal treatment of cyclohexane dramatically increased BAL protein by 21-fold compared with control. Cyclohexane administration to rats led to a significant rise of serum and pulmonary XO activities and O/D + O ratio by 47%,30% and 24%, respectively, compared witれ control. Furthermore, activities of pulmonary oxygen free radical scavenging enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione S-transferase, and GSH content were not found to be statistically different between control and cyclohexane-treated rats. These results indicate that intraperitoneal injection of cyclohexane to rats may induce the lipid embolism in pulmonary blood vessel and lead to the hypoxia with the ensuing of oxygen free radical generation, and which may be responsible for the pulmonary injury.

• 한국식품영양학회지
• /
• 제7권3호
• /
• pp.169-176
• /
• 1994

Screening was performed on edible natural sources to examine superoxide radical scavenging activities by using the method of superoxide dismutase assay. Among 47 kinds of samples, the extract of Capsella bursa-pastoris showed a potent superoxide radical scavenging activity of 11.6 unit / mg solid and was selected for further studies. In order to select optimal extraction solvent system, Cappella bursa-pastoris was extracted with various solvents and the electron donating abilities and inhibitory effects on lipid peroxidation of linoleic acid were measured. Among them, the ethanol extract of Capsella bursa-pastoris possessed the highest level of activities. The ethanol extract of Cappella bursa-pastoris was found to have an inhibitory effect on autoxidation of soybean oil at 5$0^{\circ}C$ from peroxide value, conjugated diene value and refractive index. In the soybean oil containing 0.2% of ethanol extract, induction period was increased 2 times in comparison with control.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
• /
• 제32권3호
• /
• pp.299-306
• /
• 2016

Purpose: Curcuma aromatica Salisb., commonly known as turmeric, has long been used as a powerful health-promoting anti-inflammatory or antioxidant that supports cellular health of the human body. The objective of this study was to compare the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the samples with or without fermentation. Methods: Antioxidant activities of the samples were compared using total phenol, flavonoid contents, 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) cation radical scavenging activity and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity. Antimicrobial activities were also examined using the paper disc method and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Results: Organic acid content of the C. aromatica Salisb. fermented with Aspergillus oryzae (FCAS) showed a significantly higher value of 0.41% than that of the typical sample without fermentation (CAS) which showed a value of 0.27% (p<0.001). Total phenol and flavonoid contents of the CAS and FCAS did not show significant differences. However, ABTS cation radical scavenging activity and DPPH radical scavenging activity were significantly increased in the samples with fermentation (p<0.001, p<0.01), respectively. The samples of the disc showed inhibited growth of gram positive Bacillus cereus (FCAS 3.70 cm and CAS 2.73 cm) and Staphylococcus aureus (FCAS 2.70 cm and CAS 1.97 cm). MIC of the FCAS (0.25-0.50, 0.5-1.00 mg/mL) was higher than that of the CAS (1.00-2.00, 2.00-3.00 mg/mL), respectively. Conclusion: C. aromatica Salisb. with fermentation showed higher antioxidant and antimicrobial activities in this study. Thus we conclude that fermentation can be a helpful process for more effective application of C. aromatica Salisb. with fermentation in the health-promoting food industry.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
• /
• 제17권2호
• /
• pp.251-256
• /
• 2008

Changes in antioxidant activity of Rubus coreanus fruit of 3 clones (S13, S114, and S16), which were selected from different sites, were studied at different ripening stages. Antioxidant activities (tree radical scavenging activity and reducing power) were determined and their relationships to total phenolic contents and ascorbic acid were analyzed. The highest tree radical scavenging activities of 3 clones (S13, S14, and S16) were 79.39, 75.80, and 81.16% at $125\;{\mu}g/mL$, respectively. In general, the antioxidant activity and the related parameters, including total phenolic content and vitamin C content decreased during fruit ripening. Total phenolic contents of the R. coreanus fruits (S13, S14, and S16) were correlated with tree radical scavenging activity ($R^2=0.8114$, 0.9186, and 0.9714). These results improve knowledge of the effect of ripening on the antioxidant activity and related compounds contents that could help to establish the optimum R. coreanus fruit harvest data for various usages.

• 한국식품영양학회지
• /
• 제24권4호
• /
• pp.713-719
• /
• 2011

The antioxidant activities of the ethanol extract of Arctium lappa were assessed by measuring the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl( DPPH) radical scavenging effect, inhibition of $Fe^{2+}$-induced lipid peroxidation, inhibition of malondialdehyde(MDA)-bovine serum albumin(BSA) conjugation reaction and antimutagenic capacities using the Ames test. The DPPH radical scavenging activity and inhibition of $Fe^{2+}$-induced lipid peroxidation of the $Arctium$ $lappa$ ethanol extract significantly increased in a dose-dependent manner. In the radical scavenging assay using DPPH, the $IC_{50}$ of the Arctium lappa extract was 296 ${\mu}g$/assay(1.29 mg of dry sample). In addition, the $IC_{50}$ in the inhibition of $Fe^{2+}$-induced lipid peroxidation was 1,759 ${\mu}g$/assay(7.65 mg of dry sample). This extract also significantly inhibited the MDA-BSA conjugation reaction with an $IC_{50}$ of 57.58 mg/assay(250 mg of dry sample). However, no inhibitory effects against the direct and indirect mutagenicities in $Salmonella$ Typhimurium TA98 and TA100 were observed. Based on these results, the ethanol extract of $Arctium$ $lappa$ was shown to display considerable antioxidative activities.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
• /
• 제15권4호
• /
• pp.147-155
• /
• 2000

In order to evaluate anti -oxidant activities and protective effect against oxidatve damage, DPPH radical scavenging activity and lipid peroxidation inhibitory activity were measured among methanol extracts prepared from natural medicinal plants. Fourteen natural medicinal plants which were reported to have anti -oxidative or anti-inflammatory effects were selected based on our previous report. In addition to the total methanol extracts, n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethylacetate, n-butanol and water fractions were prepared from each total extract. DPPH radical scavenging assay was performed against 14 total extracts and all samples showed dose-dependent activities in various extent. Among those, 6 samples, methanol extracts of Euryale ferox, paeonia suffruticosa, Areca catechu var. dulcissima, Cinnamomun cassia, Alpinia katsumadai and Betula platyphlla var. japonica showed IC$\sub$50/ value lower than 6.0 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml. The highest DPPH radical scavenging activity was found in ethylacetate fraction of paeonia suffruticosa with IC$\sub$50/ value of 1.1 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml. Analysis of lipid peroxidation inhibitory activity on hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative damage in Chinese hamster lung fibroblast (V79-4) cells revealed that the highest inhibitory effect was observed in methanol extract of Betula platyhpylla var. japonica. Lipid peroxidation inhibitory activity was observed as a dose-dependent manner in all samples used in this study. Among fraction samples, ethylacetate fraction of Alpinia katsumadai had the strongest inhibitory activity with IC$\sub$50/ value of 0.9 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml.

• 생약학회지
• /
• 제49권1호
• /
• pp.7-14
• /
• 2018

We isolated gallotannin, 2,6-digalloyl-1,5-anhydroglucitol, known as acertannin (1), from the barks and xylems of Acer ginnala Maxim. It is a genus of Acer species of shrubs in the family Aceraceae. A. ginnala grows in Korea, Japan and Mongolia. We accomplished the structure elucidation by confirming that the result of $^1H$,$^{13}C-NMR$,MS spectrum data was similar to previous references. We measured DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activity in vitro to evaluate anti-oxidative activities on acertannin isolated from A. ginnala. Acertannin from A. ginnala exhibited potent DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities. We examined the antioxidant and apoptosis modulative effects. This examination shows that A. ginnala has not only 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryhydrazyl(DPPH) radical scavenging activity and ABTS radical scavenging activity, but also human hair dermal papilla cell protection effects. These results indicate that the barks and xylems of A. ginnala might be developed as a potent anti-oxidant, hair growth agent, and ingredient for related new functional cosmetic materials.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
• /
• 제17권2호
• /
• pp.136-140
• /
• 2012

Trifoliate orange seed extracts (TSEs) were made using either distilled water (TW), ethanol (TE), or n-hexane (TH), to measure total polyphenol contents, DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities, and anti-complementary activity. The results showed that the total polyphenol content showed higher value at TE (235.24 ${\mu}g/mL$, p<0.05) than those of TW (132.65 ${\mu}g/mL$) and TH (165.44 ${\mu}g/mL$) at 10 mg/mL and TE exerted the highest DPPH radical scavenging activity (61.77%, p<0.05), which occurred in the following order: TE TW (56.87%)>TH (39.78%). The results of ABTS radical scavenging activity showed that TW (34.26%) and TE (31.81%) showed similar activities, which were higher than TH (12.74%, p<0.05). Anti-complementary activity of TE (61% at 500 ${\mu}g/mL$) showed a higher activity when compared with the positive control (60% at 1,000 ${\mu}g/mL$) polysaccharide-K (PSK), a known immuno-active polysaccharide from Coriolus versicolor. Consequently, among TSEs, TE is a byproduct from trifoliate orange and could be an important source of dietary polyphenolic antioxidant compounds and immunopotentiating activity, including complement activation.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
• /
• 제32권2호
• /
• pp.144-149
• /
• 2017

This study was designed to investigate the contents of icariin during ripening of Epimedium koreanum with sugar and Soju (25, 30, and 35% alcohol contents) using a homemade method. Contents of icariin of Epimedium wine were examined using high performance liquid chromatography. Icariin levels in Epimedium wine increased during the first 3 days of storage; after 6 days, icariin contents decreased gradually until 30 days. Contents of icariin in Epimedium wine by storage temperature (5 and $20^{\circ}C$) were not different during storage. After 30 days, icaiin was not detected in all tested Epimedium wines. Epimedium wines were assessed for 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, 2,2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) and (ABTS) radical scavenging activity. DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities increased in early storage periods, however, after 6 or 9 days, activities decreased gradually.

• 한국자원식물학회지
• /
• 제33권4호
• /
• pp.245-254
• /
• 2020

본 연구는 곰취 신품종 '쌈마니' 의 고랭지와 평난지 수확기 및 가공 상태에 따른 항산화 활성 차이를 구명하고자 수행 하였다. 4월 18일부터 7월 15일까지 수확하여 생것과 데친 것을 냉동 건조한 후 메탄올에 추출하여 총페놀 함량, 총플라보노이드 함량, DPPH free radical 소거능과 환원력을 분석하였다. 재배지역 및 수확기별 총페놀 함량, 총플라보노이드 함량, DPPH free radical 소거능과 환원력은 평난지에서는 4월 18일 조기 수확보다는 5월 수확이 더 효과적이었으며, 고랭지에서는 5월보다는 6월에 더 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 재배지역, 수확기 및 가공상태별 총 페놀 함량, 총 플라보노이드 함량, DPPH free radical 소거능과 환원력은 평난지에서는 4월 조기 수확보다는 5월부터 더 효과적이었으며, 고랭지에서는 6월부터 항산화 활성이 높게 나타났다. 생체와 데친 것을 비교하였을 때, 생체가 모든 항목에서 더 높은 항산화 활성을 나타내었다. 또한 평난지재배보다 고랭지 재배가 더 높은 항산화 활성을 나타냈다. 이상의 결과를 종합해볼 때, '쌈마니' 품종은 평난지에서는 5월, 고랭지에서는 6월에 수확하여 생으로 먹는 것이 데쳐서 먹는 것보다 항산화 활성이 더 높은 것으로 나타났다.