• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
• /
• v.40 no.3
• /
• pp.132-146
• /
• 2015

To develop tailored elementary, middle, and high school textbooks suitable for understanding the nuclear energy and radiation, quantitative and qualitative research was carried out in parallel, which included nine steps to ensure the validity of content and structure. The elementary, middle, and high school students wanted to acquire information used in their daily lives, including the definition of nuclear energy and radiation, principles and status of nuclear power generation, and information about irradiated food, medical radiation, and radiation in life. In the evaluation of the effects of textbook contents according to the educational requirements of each school level, high suitability frequencies (>80%) were shown for the human character, education goals, curriculum goals, evaluation method, and education time. At some levels, the high suitability frequencies (>70%) were shown for the education grade, education type, and textbook type.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.53 no.12
• /
• pp.4150-4157
• /
• 2021

The supervision mode, monitoring basis and monitoring scheme of radiation environment monitoring concerning typical research reactors in China were investigated in this study. Summary and analysis were concluded of the present situation of supervised monitoring of radiation environment, such as monitoring objects, points, frequency and so on, based on the relevant data of monitoring points of four typical research reactors in China. Some experiences and existing problems were analyzed concerning the supervised monitoring of China's research reactors. Tips on topics related to strengthen the monitoring of radiation environment around the research reactors has noted.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
• /
• v.5 no.3
• /
• pp.105-112
• /
• 2005

In spite of relatively low level of radiation dose used at dental clinics, long term exposure may be harmful, so radiation workers at dental clinics must be well aware of its danger. This study was to analyze the factors to have an influence on safety management behavior in the radiography chamber by understanding the relationship among the knowledge, attitudes and behavior in regard with radiation safety management by dental hygienists in order to take preventive measures for dental hygienists and suggest ideas to develop radiation safety training programs. For this, we contacted dental hygienists working at the local dental clinics for 4 months from December of 2003 to march of 2004 and obtained the following findings. 1. Concering the knowledge level of radiation safety management, $8.59{\pm}2.36$ was average score with the highest of 13 and the lowest of 3 from 15-scale test. In addition, knowledge level of radiation safety management by general characteristics showed statistically significant difference according to working experience (p < 0.001), marital status (p < 0.001), attendance rate of radiation safety management training program (p < 0.001), and type of clinic (p < 0.001). 2. Concering the attitude level of radiation safety management, $4.08{\pm}0.50$ is average score with the highest of $4.31{\pm}0.73$ and the lowest of $3.82{\pm}0.89$ by item from 5-scale test. Besides, attitude level of radiation safety management by general characteristics showed statistically significant difference according to age (p < 0.001), working experience (p < 0.05), attendance rate of radiation safety management training program (p < 0.01), and type of clinic (p < 0.001). 3. Concering the behavior level of radiation safety management, $2.89{\pm}0.77$ is average score from 5-scale test, which was relatively low in comparison with the level of attitude and the highest score was $3.82{\pm}0.94$ and the lowest $2.37{\pm}1.04$ by item. Behavior level of radiation safety management by general characteristics showed statistically significant difference according to working experience (p < 0.001) and type of clinic (p < 0.001). 4. From the survey of relationship among knowledge, attitude and behavior of radiation safety management was, we found that the higher the knowledge level of radiation safety management, the higher the level of attitude and behavior, and the higher the attitude level was, the higher the level of behavior.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
• /
• v.38 no.3
• /
• pp.277-286
• /
• 2015

Diagnostic radiation devices that is used in the country has reached to 78,000 units. When used for human subjects diagnostic purposes, it is subject to Medical Service Act, when used in diagnostic purposes in animal subjects, the subject to Veterinarians Act. When used for other purposes are subject to the Nuclear Safety Act. Even the same radiation devices varies the legislation that is applied depending on the intended use and object. Diversified been p rovisions a re necessary compared to t he analysis o f l egal content in o rder t o prevent confusion of the legislation is a matter to be applied. It is a qualitative study that Nuclear Safety Act, Medical Service Act and Veterinarians Act administrative procedures for the introduction of the applied diagnostic radiation devices, safety inspection, human resources management, area management and the content related to administrative punishment. The Nuclear Safety Act sub-provisions, the introduction of diagnostic radiation generating devices, there are many complex and complete requirements administrative procedures on the concept of a permit. Inspection of safety associated with the use, would be subject to periodic inspection auditing characteristics over the entire field of radiation safety management. It must receive court regular education for the safety administrator and workers. Unlike the reference of the radiation dose rate to specify the radiation controlled area there is a measurement obligation of radiation dose rate. Unlike the reference of the radiation dose rate to specify the radiation controlled area there is a measurement obligation of radiation dose rate. Quantitative difference of administrative punishment that is imposed when legislation violation has reached up to 10 times, over the entire field, the largest burden of radiation safety management at the time of application of the Nuclear Safety Act sub provisions. And it is applied differently depending on the purpose and the imaging target using the same diagnostic radiation devices. Depending on the use mainly under the current legal system, radiation can be lacking in fairness of the contents of the legislation for safety management, there is a risk of confusion. Alternatives such as centralized and standardization of legislation by diagnostic radiation devices use is expected to be necessary.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
• /
• v.30 no.4
• /
• pp.321-327
• /
• 2007

The purpose of this study to survey radiation workers' knowledge, attitude and behavior related to radiation safety management at medical institutions as an educational approach to radiation safety management and to accumulate materials in continuity of past data and, by doing so, to examine changes over time, to analyze long-term trends systematically and to derive ground data for establishing radiation safety control plans to prevent health disorders caused by radiation not only in radiation workers but also in ordinary people. For these purposes, a questionnaire survey was conducted with radiation workers at medical institutions throughout the country for around 40 days in 2001 and 2006. The results are summarized as follows. 1. The levels of knowledge, attitude and behavior related to radiation safety management were all higher in 2006 than in 2001. 2. Statistically significant correlations were observed between knowledge and attitude, between behavior and knowledge and between attitude and behavior in both 2001 and 2006. In particular, the correlation between attitude and behavior were higher in 2006 than in 2001, suggesting that radiation workers' attitude has been improved. 3. Factors affecting radiation workers' behavior related to radiation safety management were knowledge and attitude in both 2001 and 2006, and the effect of attitude was higher than that of knowledge.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
• /
• v.41 no.4
• /
• pp.424-435
• /
• 2016

Background: The International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) recommendations and the Federal Guidance Report (FGR) published by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) have been widely applied worldwide in the fields of radiation protection and dose assessment. The dose conversion coefficients of the ICRP and FGR are widely used for assessing exposure doses. However, before the coefficients are used, the user must thoroughly understand the derivation process of the coefficients to ensure that they are used appropriately in the evaluation. Materials and Methods: The ICRP provides recommendations to regulatory and advisory agencies, mainly in the form of guidance on the fundamental principles on which appropriate radiological protection can be based. The FGR provides federal and state agencies with technical information to assist their implementation of radiation protection programs for the U.S. population. The system of radiation dose assessment and dose conversion coefficients in the ICRP and FGR is reviewed in this study. Results and Discussion: A thorough understanding of their background is essential for the proper use of dose conversion coefficients. The FGR dose assessment system was strongly influenced by the ICRP and the U.S. National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements (NCRP), and is hence consistent with those recommendations. Moreover, the ICRP and FGR both used the scientific data reported by Biological Effects of Ionizing Radiation (BEIR) and United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR) as their primary source of information. The difference between the ICRP and FGR lies in the fact that the ICRP utilized information regarding a population of diverse races, whereas the FGR utilized data on the American population, as its goal was to provide guidelines for radiological protection in the US. Conclusion: The contents of this study are expected to be utilized as basic research material in the areas of radiation protection and dose assessment.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
• /
• v.41 no.1
• /
• pp.57-70
• /
• 2016

Background: Since the terminology 'radioactive consumer product' is not quite familiar to the public and is often considered as negative and detrimental things, the educational curriculum is essential for establishing reliability of nuclear energy related and for the development of better communication strategy of radiation risk with the public. To provide base data which is valuable for establishing efficient curriculum of education and training about radiation safety, it is necessary to apprehend the different level of awareness of radiation exposures classified by various consumer products. Materials and Methods: On November 2014, a question investigation about asking awareness level of radiation exposure from various consumer products was done for university students who are highly educated. The object students are studied at a four-year-course universities which is located at Daejeon City. Results and Discussion: Although the average awareness level is comparatively low, the awareness of senior students, who major in radiation, nuclear related departments and male students are relatively high. On the other hand, the awareness of freshman, sophomore, junior students, who do not major in radiation, nuclear related departments and female students are relatively low. It is necessary to provide various information to avoid unnecessary concerns and misconceptions about radiation exposure. Conclusion: This paper will be an instrument for efficient establishment of curriculum of education and training related with radiation safety.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
• /
• v.16 no.2
• /
• pp.205-214
• /
• 2016

Objectives: The purpose of the study is to investigate the current status and radiographic safety management in Korea. Methods: A self-reported questionnaire was completed by 200 dental hygienists in Jeonbuk province from September 1, 2014 and October 31, 2014. The questionnaire consisted of general characteristics of the subjects, radiation knowledge, radiation safety management, and radiation exposure anxiety. Data were analyzed using SPSS 18.0 program. Results: Duration of clinical experience(r=0.142) and number of daily radiation shot(r=0.145) showed a positive correlation to radiation safety management, and a nrgative correlation to use of intraoral films and digital devices(r=-0.587). A logistic regression analysis was performed in order to evaluate the influence on radiography knowledge. The results showed that the factors had significant influences on the age group over 41 years old(OR 7.25; 95% CI 1.30-40.43) and those who took a position above team leader(OR 0.23; 95% CI 0.59-0.90). Conclusions: It is very important to have the safety management toward dental intraoral imaging and radiograpgic shot in the dental hygienists. Continuous efforts should be emphasized on radiographic safety management and behavior.

• Progress in Medical Physics
• /
• v.29 no.1
• /
• pp.42-46
• /
• 2018

The purpose of this study was to perform a survey of the radiation shielding design goals (P) and workload (W) based on the radiation safety reports concerned with structural shielding design for the IMRT treatment technique in Tomotherapy vaults. The values of the P and W factors as well as of a verified concrete thickness of the ceiling, bottom, sidewalls (sidewall-1 and sidewall-2), and door have been obtained from radiation safety reports for a total of 16 out of 20 vaults. The recommended and most widely used report for P values was the NCRP No. 151 report, which stated that the P factor in controlled and uncontrolled areas was 0.1 and 0.02 mSv/week, respectively. The range of the W factor was 600~14,720 Gy/week. The absorbed dose delivered per patient was 2~3 Gy. The maximum number of patients treated per day was 10~70. The quality assurance (QA) dose was 100~1,000 Gy/week. Fifteen values of the IMRT factor (F) were mostly used but a maximum of 20 values was also used. The concrete thickness for primary structures including the ceiling, bottom, sidewalls, and door was sufficient for radiation shielding. The P and W factors affect the calculation of the structural shielding design, and several parameters, such as the absorbed dose, patients, QA dose, days and F factor can be varied according to the type of shielding structure. To ensure the safety of the radiation shielding, it is necessary to use the NCRP No. 151 report for the standard recommendation values.

• 대한방사선방어학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2010.04a
• /
• pp.238-239
• /
• 2010